WebService简单使用

1.创建Webservice服务应用程序

方式一：将VS2010采用的默认框架，改为使用框架.NET Framework2.0\3.0\3.5,这时新建"项目"or新建"网站"就可以找到需要的"ASP.NET WebService模板"来建立WebService了。

方式二：创建空的web应用程序项目，新建项选择Web服务。

2.添加WebService代码。代码使用方式和功能已含在代码注释中

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace WebServiceByEmptyWeb
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebService1 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "HwSoft")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class WebService1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {

        //[WebMethod]
        //public string HelloWorld()
        //{
        //    return "Hello World";
        //}

        //只有加WebMethod特性的方法才能被引用
        [WebMethod(Description = "求和的方法")]
        public double addition(double number1,double number2)
        {
            return number1 + number2;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="求差的方法")]
        public double subtraction(double number1, double number2)
        {
            return number1 - number2;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description=("求积的方法"))]
        public double multiplication(double number1, double number2)
        {
            return number1 * number2;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="求商的方法")]
        public double division(double number1, double number2)
        {
            if (number2 != 0)
            {
                return number1 / number2;
            }
            else
                return -1;
        }
    }
}

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3.用web测试webservice
创建web网站项目后添加【添加Web引用】。注意Web引用名，调用WebService使用

web网站测试代码：

前台：

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title></title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <div>
        <asp:TextBox ID="Num1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
        <asp:DropDownList ID="ddlOperator" runat="server">
            <asp:ListItem Text="+" Value="add"></asp:ListItem>
            <asp:ListItem Text="-" Value="sub"></asp:ListItem>
            <asp:ListItem Text="*" Value="mul"></asp:ListItem>
            <asp:ListItem Text="/" Value="div"></asp:ListItem>
        </asp:DropDownList>
     
        <asp:TextBox ID="Num2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
        <span id="E" runat="server"></span>
        <asp:TextBox ID="Result" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

View Code

C#后台代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page 
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //动态创建按钮
        Button btn = new Button();
        btn.Text = "=";
        btn.Width = 25;
        btn.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
        E.Controls.Add(btn);
    }

    protected void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (Num1.Text != "" && Num2.Text != "")
        {
            localhost.WebService1 webservice = new localhost.WebService1();
            string operate = ddlOperator.SelectedValue;
            double number1 = double.Parse(Num1.Text );
            double number2 = double.Parse(Num2.Text);
            switch (operate)
            {
                case "add":
                    Result.Text = webservice.addition(number1,number2).ToString("F2");
                    break;
                case "sub":
                    Result.Text =webservice.subtraction(number1,number2).ToString("F2");
                    break;
                case "mul":
                    Result.Text = webservice.multiplication(number1,number2).ToString("F2");
                    break;
                case "div":
                    Result.Text = webservice.division(number1,number2).ToString("F2");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

View Code

4.添加其他类型的Webservice

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Data;
using System.ComponentModel;

namespace WebServiceByEmptyWeb
{
    /// <summary>
    /// OtherTypeWebServices 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "HwSoft")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。
    // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
    public class OtherTypeWebServices : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {
        public OtherTypeWebServices()
        {
            //CODEGEN: 该调用是 ASP.NET Web 服务设计器所必需的
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //Web 服务设计器所必需的
        private IContainer components = null;
    

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
        /// 此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && components != null)
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }




        [WebMethod]
        public string HelloWorld()
        {
            return "Hello World";
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="返回整型数据")]
        public int GetInt()
        {
            return 1234;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="返回布尔数据")]
        public bool GetBool()
        {
            return true;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="返回实体类")]
        public Student GetStudent()
        {
            Student stu = new Student();
            stu.Name = "张三";
            stu.Age = 25;
            stu.Sex = true;
            return stu;
        }

        [WebMethod(Description="返回DataSet")]
        public DataSet GetDataSet()
        {
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            return ds;
        }


    }
}

View Code

上述中含有的Student类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace WebServiceByEmptyWeb
{
    /*
 * 为避免Framework1.1中返回实体类报错“请求格式无法识别。”
 * 要在Web.Config文件中<system.web>添加以下内容：
 * <webServices>
  <protocols>
  <add name="HttpPost" />
  <add name="HttpGet" />
  </protocols>
 </webServices>
 */

    /// <summary>
    /// 学生基本信息类
    /// 可序列化（webservice才能调用）
    /// </summary>
    [Serializable]
    public class Student
    {
        public Student()
        { 
        }

        private string name;
        /// <summary>
        /// 姓名
        /// </summary>
        public string Name
        {
            get { return name; }
            set { name = value; }
        }

        private bool sex;
        /// <summary>
        /// 性别（布尔变量真为女，假为男）
        /// </summary>
        public bool Sex
        {
            get { return sex; }
            set { sex = value; }
        }

        private int age;
        /// <summary>
        /// 年龄
        /// </summary>
        public int Age
        {
            get { return age; }
            set { age = value; }
        }

    }
}

View Code

5.WinForm测试4中建立的Webservice

在WinForm项目中【添加服务引用】- 【高级】 -【添加web引用】界面与添加Web程序一致

winForm程序：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace OtherTypeWebServiecTest
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        //类
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            localhost.OtherTypeWebServices webservice = new localhost.OtherTypeWebServices();
            localhost.Student stu = webservice.GetStudent();
            txbName.Text = stu.Name;
            txbSex.Text = stu.Sex==false?"男":"女";
            txbAge.Text = stu.Age.ToString();

        }
        
        //DataTable
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            localhost.OtherTypeWebServices webService = new localhost.OtherTypeWebServices();
            txbOther.Text = webService.GetDataSet().Tables.Count.ToString();
        }

        //Int
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            localhost.OtherTypeWebServices webService = new localhost.OtherTypeWebServices();
            txbOther.Text = webService.GetInt().ToString();
        }

        //Bool
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            localhost.OtherTypeWebServices webService = new localhost.OtherTypeWebServices();
            txbOther.Text = webService.GetBool().ToString();
        }

        //Hello World
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            localhost.OtherTypeWebServices webService = new localhost.OtherTypeWebServices();
            txbOther.Text = webService.HelloWorld();
        }
    }
}

View Code

测试结果显示：

posted on 2014-07-03 10:55 zxd543 阅读(201) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报