NET Framework项目移植到NET Core上遇到的一系列坑

目录

1.获取请求的参数

2.获取完整的请求路径

3.获取域名

4.编码

5.文件上传的保存方法

6.获取物理路径

7.返回Json属性大小写问题

8.webconfig的配置移植到appsettings.json

9.设置区域块MVC的路由器和访问区域块的视图

10.NetCore访问静态资源文件

11.MVC调用子页视图

12.过滤器

13.使用session和解决sessionID一直变化的问题

14.MD5加密

15.Path.Combine()

16.DateTime


1.获取请求的参数

NET Framework版本:

Request["xxx"];
Request.Files[0];

NET Core版本:

Request.Form["xxx"];
Request.Form.Files[0];

2.获取完整的请求路径

NET Framework版本:

Request.RequestUri.ToString();

NET Core版本:

//先添加引用
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Extensions;
//再调用
Request.GetDisplayUrl();

3.获取域名

NET Framework版本:

HttpContext.Current.Request.Url.Authority

NET Core版本:

HttpContext.Request.Host.Value

4.编码

NET Framework版本:

System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.UrlEncode("<li class=\"test\"></li>")
"%3cli+class%3d%22test%22%3e%3c%2fli%3e"
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.UrlDecode("%3cli+class%3d%22test%22%3e%3c%2fli%3e")
"<li class=\"test\"></li>"

NET Core版本:

//两种方法,建议用System.Web.HttpUtility
System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("<li class=\"test\"></li>");
"%3cli+class%3d%22test%22%3e%3c%2fli%3e"
System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlDecode("%3cli+class%3d%22test%22%3e%3c%2fli%3e");
"<li class=\"test\"></li>"

System.Net.WebUtility.UrlEncode("<li class=\"test\"></li>")
"%3Cli+class%3D%22test%22%3E%3C%2Fli%3E"
System.Net.WebUtility.UrlDecode("%3Cli+class%3D%22test%22%3E%3C%2Fli%3E")
"<li class=\"test\"></li>"
System.Net.WebUtility.UrlDecode("%3cli+class%3d%22test%22%3e%3c%2fli%3e")
"<li class=\"test\"></li>"

 

5.文件上传的保存方法

NET Framework版本:

var file = Request.Files[0];
//blockFullPath指保存的物理路径
file.SaveAs(blockFullPath);

NET Core版本:

var file = Request.Form.Files[0];
//blockFullPath指保存的物理路径
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(blockFullPath, FileMode.CreateNew))
{
    file.CopyTo(fs);
    fs.Flush();
}

6.获取物理路径

NET Framework版本:

//作为一个全局变量获取物理路径的方法
public string ffmpegPathc = System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.MapPath("~/Content/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe");
//获取在控制器的构造函数里直接调用Server.MapPath
ffmpegPathc = Server.MapPath("~/Content/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe");

NET Core版本:

从ASP.NET Core RC2开始,可以通过注入 IHostingEnvironment 服务对象来取得Web根目录和内容根目录的物理路径。代码如下:

    [Area("Admin")]
    public class FileUploadController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;

        public string ffmpegPathc = "";//System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.MapPath("~/Content/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe");

        public FileUploadController(IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
        {
            _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
            ffmpegPathc = _hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath + "/Content/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe";
        }
    }

这样写每个控制器就都要写一个构造函数,很麻烦,所以可以把它抽离出来,写个公共类去调用。代码如下:

先自定义一个静态类:

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System;

namespace GDSMPlateForm
{
    public static class HttpHelper
    {
        public static IServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; set; }

        public static string GetServerPath(string path)
        {
            return ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IHostingEnvironment>().WebRootPath + path;
        }
    }
}

然后 在startup类下的Configure 方法下:

HttpHelper.ServiceProvider = app.ApplicationServices;

startup下的ConfigureServices放下注册方法(这一步必不可少,但是这里可以不写,因为IHostingEnvironment 是微软默认已经帮你注册了,如果是自己的服务,那么必须注册)。

services.AddSingleton<IHostingEnvironment, HostingEnvironment>();

最后获取物理路径就可以这样直接调用了:

public string ffmpegPathc = HttpHelper.GetServerPath("/Content/ffmpeg/ffmpeg.exe");

7.返回Json属性大小写问题

NET Core返回Json属性默认都会自动转为小写,但项目之前Json属性有些是大写的,所以需要配置成不转化为小写的形式。

Startup.cs的ConfigureServices方法下添加一行代码:

//Startup需要添加引用
using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;
//返回Json属性默认大小写
services.AddMvc().AddJsonOptions(o => { o.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new DefaultContractResolver(); });

8.webconfig的配置移植到appsettings.json

NET Framework版本:

直接可以读取webconfig配置文件:

string format = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["format"].ToString();

NET Core版本:

NET Core不再支持web.config,取而代之的是appsettings.json,所以需要把一些配置移植过去。

例如web.config下的一些配置

<appSettings>
  <add key="ismdb" value="" />
  <add key="webpath" value="" />
  <add key="format" value="jpg,jpeg,png,gif,bmp,tif,svg/mp3,wav/mp4,avi,mpg,wmv,mkv,rmvb,mov,flv/zip/.ppt,.pptx" />
  <add key="imagesize" value="5242880" />
  <!--1024 * 1024 * 5 -->
  <add key="musicsize" value="20971520" />
  <!--1024 * 1024 * 20 -->
  <add key="mediasize" value="20971520" />
  <!--1024 * 1024 * 20 -->
  <add key="packagesize" value="0" />
  <add key="pptsize" value="0" />
</appSettings>

移植到appsettings.json

{
  "Logging": {
    "IncludeScopes": false,
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Warning"
    }
  },
  "webpath": "",
  "format": "jpg,jpeg,png,gif,bmp,tif,svg/mp3,wav/mp4,avi,mpg,wmv,mkv,rmvb,mov,flv/zip/.ppt,.pptx",
  "imagesize": "5242880",
  "musicsize": "20971520",
  "mediasize": "20971520",
  "packagesize": "0",
  "pptsize": "0"
}

然后编写一个类去调用这个appsettings.json

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using System.IO;

namespace GDSMPlateForm
{
    public class RConfigureManage
    {
        public static string GetConfigure(string key)
        {

            //添加 json 文件路径
            var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder().SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()).AddJsonFile("appsettings.json");
            //创建配置根对象
            var configurationRoot = builder.Build();

            //取配置根下的 name 部分
            string secvalue = configurationRoot.GetSection(key).Value;
            return secvalue;
        }
    }
}

调用的方式:

string format = RConfigureManage.GetConfigure("format");

9.设置区域块MVC的路由器和访问区域块的视图

NET Framework版本:

NET Framework新建一个区域会自带一个类设置路由器的,如图:

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace GDSMPlateForm.Areas.Admin
{
    public class AdminAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration 
    {
        public override string AreaName 
        {
            get 
            {
                return "Admin";
            }
        }

        public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) 
        {
            context.MapRoute(
                "Admin_default",
                "Admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }
}

NET Core版本:

NET Core新建一个区域不会自带一个类用于设置路由器,所以需要在Startup类的Configure方法里多加一条路由器设置

app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "areas",
        template: "{area:exists}/{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}"
    );
});

然后需要在每个控制器下添加一个标签,指定该控制器属于哪个区域的,如图:

不加的话访问不到区域的视图,报404错误。

10.NetCore访问静态资源文件

NET Framework版本:

NET Framework可以在webconfig下配置这些静态资源文件

<staticContent>
    <mimeMap fileExtension="." mimeType="image/svg+xml" />
    <mimeMap fileExtension=".properties" mimeType="application/octet-stream" />
</staticContent>

NET Core版本:

NET Core并没有webconfig,所以需要在Startup类的Configure方法里自己配置。

NET Core项目默认的资源文件存在wwwroot下,可以通过app.UseStaticFiles方法自己定义资源文件的路径还有类型。

var provider = new FileExtensionContentTypeProvider();
provider.Mappings[".properties"] = "application/octet-stream";
app.UseStaticFiles(new StaticFileOptions
{
    FileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(
    Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "wwwroot", "Content")),
    RequestPath = "/Content",
    ContentTypeProvider = provider
});

11.MVC调用子页视图

NET Framework版本:

@Html.Action("UserBackView", "UserManage")

NET Core版本:

NET Core不再支持Html.Action(),不过可以手动自己去实现它。

自定义一个静态类 HtmlHelperViewExtensions,命名空间设置为  Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering。网上找的一个类,复制过来就行了,如下:

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Html;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering
{
    public static class HtmlHelperViewExtensions
    {
        public static IHtmlContent Action(this IHtmlHelper helper, string action, object parameters = null)
        {
            var controller = (string)helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"];

            return Action(helper, action, controller, parameters);
        }

        public static IHtmlContent Action(this IHtmlHelper helper, string action, string controller, object parameters = null)
        {
            var area = (string)helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["area"];

            return Action(helper, action, controller, area, parameters);
        }

        public static IHtmlContent Action(this IHtmlHelper helper, string action, string controller, string area, object parameters = null)
        {
            if (action == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("action");

            if (controller == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("controller");


            var task = RenderActionAsync(helper, action, controller, area, parameters);

            return task.Result;
        }

        private static async Task<IHtmlContent> RenderActionAsync(this IHtmlHelper helper, string action, string controller, string area, object parameters = null)
        {
            // fetching required services for invocation
            var serviceProvider = helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.RequestServices;
            var actionContextAccessor = helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IActionContextAccessor>();
            var httpContextAccessor = helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IHttpContextAccessor>();
            var actionSelector = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IActionSelector>();

            // creating new action invocation context
            var routeData = new RouteData();
            foreach (var router in helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Routers)
            {
                routeData.PushState(router, null, null);
            }
            routeData.PushState(null, new RouteValueDictionary(new { controller = controller, action = action, area = area }), null);
            routeData.PushState(null, new RouteValueDictionary(parameters ?? new { }), null);

            //get the actiondescriptor
            RouteContext routeContext = new RouteContext(helper.ViewContext.HttpContext) { RouteData = routeData };
            var candidates = actionSelector.SelectCandidates(routeContext);
            var actionDescriptor = actionSelector.SelectBestCandidate(routeContext, candidates);

            var originalActionContext = actionContextAccessor.ActionContext;
            var originalhttpContext = httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
            try
            {
                var newHttpContext = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IHttpContextFactory>().Create(helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Features);
                if (newHttpContext.Items.ContainsKey(typeof(IUrlHelper)))
                {
                    newHttpContext.Items.Remove(typeof(IUrlHelper));
                }
                newHttpContext.Response.Body = new MemoryStream();
                var actionContext = new ActionContext(newHttpContext, routeData, actionDescriptor);
                actionContextAccessor.ActionContext = actionContext;
                var invoker = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IActionInvokerFactory>().CreateInvoker(actionContext);
                await invoker.InvokeAsync();
                newHttpContext.Response.Body.Position = 0;
                using (var reader = new StreamReader(newHttpContext.Response.Body))
                {
                    return new HtmlString(reader.ReadToEnd());
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                return new HtmlString(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                actionContextAccessor.ActionContext = originalActionContext;
                httpContextAccessor.HttpContext = originalhttpContext;
                if (helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items.ContainsKey(typeof(IUrlHelper)))
                {
                    helper.ViewContext.HttpContext.Items.Remove(typeof(IUrlHelper));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

然后在Startup中的 ConfigureServices 方法添加:

services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor();
services.AddSingleton<IActionContextAccessor, ActionContextAccessor>();

这样就可以像NET Framework版本一样去调用子页面视图了:

@Html.Action("UserBackView", "UserManage")

12.过滤器

NET Framework版本

NET Framework版本上Global.asax中Application_Start方法可以做很多配置,过滤器也是其中一种。

protected void Application_Start()
{
    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
    FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);//全局过滤器集合
    RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
    BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
}

public class FilterConfig
{
    public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
    {
        filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
        filters.Add(new LoginCheckFilterAttribute() { IsCheck = true });//自定义一个过滤器
    }
}

//继承过滤器基类并重写方法
public class LoginCheckFilterAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    //表示是否检查
    public bool IsCheck { get; set; }
    //Action方法执行之前执行此方法
    public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
    {
        base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        if (IsCheck)
        {
            //添加自己的逻辑
        }
    }
}

NET Core版本:

NET Core不在支持Global.asax,很多配置写在Startup里。过滤器的添加方法如下:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc(options =>
    {
        options.Filters.Add(typeof(AuthorizationFilters));// 自定义一个类AuthorizationFilters,添加身份验证过滤器
    });
}

/// <summary>
/// 身份认证类继承IAuthorizationFilter接口
/// </summary>
public class AuthorizationFilters :IAuthorizationFilter
{
    /// <summary>
    ///  请求验证,当前验证部分不要抛出异常,ExceptionFilter不会处理
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="context">请求内容信息</param>
    public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationFilterContext context)
    {
        //写自己的逻辑
    }
}

13.使用session和解决sessionID一直变化的问题

NET Core版本:

在Startup类里添加session配置

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddDistributedMemoryCache();
    services.AddSession(option =>
    {   //设置session过期时间
        option.IOTimeout = TimeSpan.FromHours(1);
        option.IdleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromHours(1);
    });
    services.AddMvc();
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, IServiceProvider svp)
{
    app.UseSession();//必须在app.UseMvc之前,否则报错
    app.UseMvc(routes =>
    {
        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "default",
            template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
    });
}

配置完成后session就可以使用了,不过当Session保存有值,id才不会改变,没有值每次刷新都会变,可以给在使用session时可以给session随便赋个值以保证sessionid不会一直变化。

HttpContext.Session.Set("login", Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("login"));
string sessionid = HttpContext.Session.Id;

14.MD5加密

NET Framework版本:

//参数str类型是string
System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(str, "MD5");

NET Core版本:用以下这个方法替换了

/// <summary>
/// 32位MD5加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="input"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static string Md5Hash(string input)
{
	MD5CryptoServiceProvider md5Hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
	byte[] data = md5Hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(input));
	StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
	for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
	{
	    sBuilder.Append(data[i].ToString("x2"));
	}
	return sBuilder.ToString();
}

15.Path.Combine()

该方法是路径拼接,在NET Framework版本和NET Core版本同样支持,不过用Path.Combine拼接出来的路径是这样的:xxxx\\xxxx,用的是“\\”,这种路径在Window系统上可以正常运行,但是在Linux上是无法定位到准确的路径的。Linux上的路径是这样的:xxxx/xxxx。所以当我们用Path.Combine这个方法时最好再配合一个替换方法:

Path.Combine(path1,path2).Replace("\\","/");

16.DateTime

donet core 2.1 DateTime.Now.ToString() 方法在不同平台返回的时间格式不一样,即使使用ToString("yyyy/MM/dd")希望转成'2019/04/18'这种格式,但在Centos7平台下它还是变成了‘2019-04-18’这样,可以考虑用Replace方法去替换。

posted @ 2019-02-27 11:43  漂移青春  阅读(468)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报