.Net导出Excel（二）

目的                                                                                                                

网页上的数据导出有很多种导出方法，其中有的是真正格式的Excel，也有XML文档格式的Excel，还有table格式的。真正导出Excel格式的打开是没有任何问题，但是有的要求机器上需要安装Office Excel，借用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel,dll

。现在要说的是，用XML格式导出成Excel文件，打开的时候会出现如下提示，点击后打开没有问题。

一般的客户也接受这种提示，尽管有瑕疵，但是对于开发比较简单，不用考虑部署的服务器上是否安装excel，不用借用第三方控件。下面就说一下具体实现，两种方式。

 

具体实现                                                                                                       

第一种，直接导出DataGrid中的数据：

代码：

 public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl)   

        {  
            HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=Excel.xls"); 
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset ="gb2312";     
            HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding =System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");
            HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType ="application/ms-excel";
            ctl.Page.EnableViewState =false;    
            System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; 
            System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); 
            ctl.RenderControl(hw); 
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); 
            HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); 
        }

调用就直接用即可：DGToExcel(this.DataGrid1);

第二种，导出XML格式的数据：

原理：

就是通过Excel另存为一个XML格式，然后将这个XML格式的文件拆分成head，content，bottom三个部分，咱们就是处理中间的content，将需要的数据遍历出来，放在content中，最后组合成一个Excel文档认的XML文件即可。

代码：

#region 写Excel头

/// <summary>

        ///

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="OutFileContent"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        private StringBuilder AddHeadFile(StringBuilder OutFileContent)

        {

            OutFileContent.Append("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<?mso-application progid=\"Excel.Sheet\"?>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Workbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" xmlns:html=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" <DocumentProperties xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Author>panss</Author>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <LastAuthor>Оґ¶ЁТе</LastAuthor>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Created>2004-12-31T03:40:31Z</Created>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Company>Prcedu</Company>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Version>12.00</Version>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" </DocumentProperties>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" <OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <DownloadComponents/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <LocationOfComponents HRef=\"file:///F:\\Tools\\OfficeXP\\OfficeXP\\\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" </OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" <ExcelWorkbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <WindowHeight>9000</WindowHeight>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <WindowWidth>10620</WindowWidth>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <WindowTopX>480</WindowTopX>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <WindowTopY>45</WindowTopY>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" </ExcelWorkbook>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" <Styles>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Center\" />\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Borders/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Font ss:FontName=\"ЛОМе\" x:CharSet=\"134\" ss:Size=\"12\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Interior/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <NumberFormat/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Protection/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  </Style>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Style ss:ID=\"s62\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Center\" ss:Horizontal=\"Center\" ss:WrapText=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Font ss:FontName=\"ЛОМе\" x:CharSet=\"134\" ss:Size=\"9\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  </Style>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Style ss:ID=\"s74\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Alignment ss:Horizontal=\"Center\" ss:Vertical=\"Center\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Borders>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Border ss:Position=\"Bottom\" ss:LineStyle=\"Continuous\" ss:Weight=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Border ss:Position=\"Left\" ss:LineStyle=\"Continuous\" ss:Weight=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Border ss:Position=\"Right\" ss:LineStyle=\"Continuous\" ss:Weight=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Border ss:Position=\"Top\" ss:LineStyle=\"Continuous\" ss:Weight=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  </Borders>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Font ss:FontName=\"ЛОМе\" x:CharSet=\"134\" ss:Size=\"12\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("   <Interior ss:Color=\"#BFBFBF\" ss:Pattern=\"Solid\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  </Style>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" </Styles>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append(" <Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet1\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("  <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"255\" x:FullColumns=\"1\" \r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("x:FullRows=\"1\" ss:StyleID=\"s62\" ss:DefaultColumnWidth=\"75\" ss:DefaultRowHeight=\"20.25\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Column ss:StyleID=\"s62\" ss:AutoFitWidth=\"0\" ss:Width=\"112.5\"/>\r\n");

            return OutFileContent;

        }

#region 写Excel尾

/// <summary>

        /// РґexcelОІ

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="OutFileContent"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        private StringBuilder AddEndFile(StringBuilder OutFileContent)

        {

            OutFileContent.Append("</Table>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<WorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Unsynced/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Print>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <ValidPrinterInfo/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <PaperSizeIndex>9</PaperSizeIndex>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <HorizontalResolution>600</HorizontalResolution>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <VerticalResolution>0</VerticalResolution>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Print>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Selected/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Panes>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <Pane>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <Number>3</Number>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    <RangeSelection>R1:R65536</RangeSelection>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("    </Pane>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Panes>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</WorksheetOptions>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Worksheet>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet2\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"1\" ss:ExpandedRowCount=\"1\" x:FullColumns=\"1\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("x:FullRows=\"1\" ss:DefaultColumnWidth=\"54\" ss:DefaultRowHeight=\"14.25\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Row ss:AutoFitHeight=\"0\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Table>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<WorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Unsynced/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</WorksheetOptions>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Worksheet>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet3\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"1\" ss:ExpandedRowCount=\"1\" x:FullColumns=\"1\"\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("x:FullRows=\"1\" ss:DefaultColumnWidth=\"54\" ss:DefaultRowHeight=\"14.25\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Row ss:AutoFitHeight=\"0\"/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Table>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<WorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Unsynced/>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</WorksheetOptions>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Worksheet>\r\n");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Workbook>\r\n");

            return OutFileContent;

        }

关键的部分来了，可以从DataGrid中遍历，也可以直接从数据源取数据进行遍历。

#region 写数据内容

private StringBuilder AddContentFile(StringBuilder OutFileContent,DataSet ds)

{



    //写列头

            OutFileContent.Append("<Row ss:AutoFitHeight=\"0\">");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">姓名</Data></Cell>");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">数学</Data></Cell>");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">语文</Data></Cell>");

            OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">英语</Data></Cell>");

            OutFileContent.Append("</Row>");

            //写内容

            foreach(DataRow row in ds.Tables[0].Rows)

            {

                OutFileContent.Append("<Row ss:AutoFitHeight=\"0\">");

                OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">"+row["GraduateBatchName"].ToString()+"</Data></Cell>"); 

                OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data  ss:Type=\"String\">"+row["studyRecruitBatchName"].ToString()+"</Data></Cell>"); 

                OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">"+row["EnterRecruitBatchName"].ToString()+"</Data></Cell>");  

                OutFileContent.Append("<Cell><Data ss:Type=\"String\">"+row["StudyLevelName"].ToString()+"</Data></Cell>"); 

                OutFileContent.Append("</Row>");

            }

上面的列头可以添加成复合列头，做一下处理即可，如下图所示：

 

最后，导出：

#region 使用

    private void btnExport_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        {

    StringBuilder OutFileContent = new StringBuilder();//容器

            //写头文件

            OutFileContent = AddHeadFile(OutFileContent);

//写内容

StringBuilder sbMsg= new StringBuilder();//容器

    OutFileContent.Append(this. AddContentFile(sbMsg,ds));

    //写尾文件

            OutFileContent= AddEndFile(OutFileContent);

            //保存到xls

            string strRandomFileName = "GraduateApplyQuery";

            string strPath = Server.MapPath(Context.Request.ApplicationPath) + "\\ExcelReport\\Report\\";

            string strExcelFile = strPath + strRandomFileName + ".xls";

            FileStream OutFile = new FileStream(strExcelFile,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write);

            byte[] btArray = new byte[OutFileContent.Length];

            btArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(OutFileContent.ToString());

            OutFile.Write(btArray,0,btArray.Length);

            OutFile.Flush();

            OutFile.Close();



            WriteThreadLog("写文件 => 3");

            Response.Redirect(UrlBase+"/ExcelReport/Report/"+strRandomFileName+".xls");    

}

好了，到此就可以导出。说白了就是把从Excel另存为XML格式的模板加到程序中来，如果避免这么做，可以将头尾XML部分做成单独的文件，程序中将这头尾XML文件读取到串中导出也可。

 

其它的导出可以参考网上的两篇总结，都挺好，贴出网址：

http://blog.csdn.net/zhaoyu_1979/article/details/6294454 zhaoyu_1979

http://www.cnblogs.com/sufei/archive/2009/05/23/1487540.html Perky Su