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QT中线程间的同步分别有QMutex互斥锁、QSemephone信号量、QWaitCondition条件变量和QReadWriteLock读写锁四种方式。

这边来介绍的是读写锁,一般应用与具有大量读操作的场景。
1、读写锁的特性:读共享,写独占。
读共享 :
当其他线程占用读锁的时候,如果其他线程请求读锁,会立即获得。
当其他线程占用读锁的时候,如果其他线程请求写锁,会阻塞等待读锁的释放。
写独占 :
当其他线程占用写锁的时候,如果其他线程请求读锁,会阻塞等待写锁的释放。
当其他线程占用写锁的时候,如果其他线程请求写锁,会阻塞等待写锁的释放。

2、读写优先级
默认优先级是写优先,即写锁的优先级>读锁,哪怕是读先排队的也没用。

3、常用函数包含:
lockForRead() ; 请求读锁
lockForWrite() ; 请求写锁
tryLockForRead() ; 尝试请求读锁,非阻塞函数,可以设置超时时间。
tryLockForWrite() ; 尝试请求写锁,非阻塞函数,可以设置超时时间。
unlock() ; 解锁(解读锁和解写锁,均使用该函数)

4、常关联的类包含:
QReadLocker;
QWriteLocker;

5、例子:

 1 #ifndef WIDGET_H
 2 #define WIDGET_H
 3 
 4 #include <QWidget>
 5 #include <QReadWriteLock>
 6 #include <QReadLocker>
 7 #include <QWriteLocker>
 8 #include <QtWidgets>
 9 #include <QThread>
10 
11 class Widget : public QWidget
12 {
13     Q_OBJECT
14 
15 public:
16     Widget(QWidget *parent = 0);
17     ~Widget();
18     void delay(int msec);
19 private slots:
20     void slotStartThread();
21     void slotReadControl();
22     void slotWriteControl();
23 private:
24     QPushButton* m_readbtn;
25     QPushButton* m_writebtn;
26     QPushButton* m_startthreadbtn;
27     QReadWriteLock m_readWriteLock;
28 };
29 
30 class ReadThread : public QThread
31 {
32     Q_OBJECT
33 public:
34     ReadThread();
35     ~ReadThread();
36     void run();
37 
38     void setReadWriteLock(QReadWriteLock &lock);
39 private:
40     QReadWriteLock* m_readWriteLock;
41 };
42 
43 class WriteThread : public QThread
44 {
45     Q_OBJECT
46 public:
47     WriteThread();
48     ~WriteThread();
49     void run();
50 
51     void setReadWriteLock(QReadWriteLock &lock);
52 private:
53     QReadWriteLock* m_readWriteLock;
54 };
55 
56 #endif // WIDGET_H
  1 #include "widget.h"
  2 
  3 Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
  4     : QWidget(parent)
  5 {
  6     this->setFixedSize(300,300);
  7 
  8     m_readbtn = new QPushButton("读操作",this);
  9     m_writebtn = new QPushButton("写操作",this);
 10     m_startthreadbtn = new QPushButton("开启线程",this);
 11 
 12     QVBoxLayout* lay = new QVBoxLayout(this);
 13     lay->addWidget(m_startthreadbtn);
 14     lay->addWidget(m_readbtn);
 15     lay->addWidget(m_writebtn);
 16     this->setLayout(lay);
 17 
 18     connect(m_startthreadbtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotStartThread()));
 19     connect(m_readbtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotReadControl()));
 20     connect(m_writebtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotWriteControl()));
 21 
 22 }
 23 
 24 Widget::~Widget()
 25 {
 26 }
 27 
 28 //阻塞延时,用来判断读或者写上锁期间,其它线程的读或者写是否会被阻塞。
 29 void Widget::delay(int msec)
 30 {
 31     QDateTime currentime = QDateTime::currentDateTime();
 32     while (currentime.addMSecs(msec) > QDateTime::currentDateTime())
 33     {
 34     }
 35 }
 36 
 37 void Widget::slotStartThread()
 38 {
 39     for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
 40     {
 41         ReadThread* rthread = new ReadThread();
 42         rthread->setReadWriteLock(m_readWriteLock);
 43         rthread->start();
 44     }
 45 
 46     WriteThread* wthread = new WriteThread();
 47     wthread->setReadWriteLock(m_readWriteLock);
 48     wthread->start();
 49 }
 50 
 51 void Widget::slotReadControl()
 52 {
 53     //测试结果得出,读的时候仍然可以读操作不阻塞,但是读的时候会阻塞写操作。
 54     QReadLocker locker(&m_readWriteLock);
 55     qWarning()<<"main read lock"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
 56     delay(5000);
 57 }
 58 
 59 void Widget::slotWriteControl()
 60 {
 61     //测试结果得出,写的时候无论是读操作还是写操作都会被阻塞。写的时候,排队中的写操作优先级最高,无论是不是后排队的。
 62     QWriteLocker locker(&m_readWriteLock);
 63     qWarning()<<"main write lock"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
 64     delay(5000);
 65 }
 66 
 67 //------------------------read thread--------------------------
 68 ReadThread::ReadThread()
 69 {
 70 
 71 }
 72 
 73 ReadThread::~ReadThread()
 74 {
 75 
 76 }
 77 
 78 void ReadThread::setReadWriteLock(QReadWriteLock& lock)
 79 {
 80     m_readWriteLock = &lock;
 81 }
 82 
 83 void ReadThread::run()
 84 {
 85     while(1)
 86     {
 87         m_readWriteLock->lockForRead();
 88         qWarning()<<"read lock"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
 89         m_readWriteLock->unlock();
 90         QThread::sleep(1);
 91     }
 92 }
 93 
 94 //------------------------write thread--------------------------
 95 
 96 WriteThread::WriteThread()
 97 {
 98 
 99 }
100 
101 WriteThread::~WriteThread()
102 {
103 
104 }
105 
106 void WriteThread::setReadWriteLock(QReadWriteLock& lock)
107 {
108     m_readWriteLock = &lock;
109 }
110 
111 void WriteThread::run()
112 {
113     while(1)
114     {
115         m_readWriteLock->lockForWrite();
116         qWarning()<<"write lock"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
117         m_readWriteLock->unlock();
118         QThread::sleep(3);
119     }
120 }

 

posted on 2022-04-20 16:34  一杯清酒邀明月  阅读(1007)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报