项目 内容
班级链接 19级信计班
作业要求链接 Java第十一周作业
博客名称: 1903021133-杨媛媛-Java十一周作业-继承,多态和抽象类使用
*要求: 每道题要有题目,代码(使用插入代码,不会插入代码的自己查资料解决,不要直接截图代码!!),截图(只截运行结果)。

题目1:

  • 类Person定义了姓名name,出生年份birthYear,其子类Graduate在继承父类的基础上新增定义了成绩gpa、毕业年份graduateYear。编写测试类,输出毕业生的姓名、年龄、毕业年份、成绩。

  • 提示:父类要有构造方法,子类通过super调用父类构造方法。

代码:

package xjweek11;

public class Person {
	String name;
    int birthYear;
	public Person(String name,int birthYear ) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.birthYear = birthYear;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	

	public int birthYear(){
		return birthYear;
	}
		
		}
  子类:
  package xjweek11;

public class Graduate extends Person {
	int gpa;
	int graguateYear;
	int  nowYear;
	public Graduate(String name, int birthYear, int gpa, int graguateYear,
			int nowYear) {
		super(name, birthYear);
		this.gpa = gpa;
		this.graguateYear = graguateYear;
		this.nowYear = nowYear;
	}
	public int getGpa() {
		return gpa;
	}
	
	public int getGraguateYear() {
		return graguateYear;
	}
	
	public int getNowYear() {
		return nowYear;
		
			
	}
	public int age(){
		return nowYear-birthYear;
		
	}
	

}
测试类:
package xjweek11;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Graduate s=new Graduate("柳柳",2001,90,2023,2022);
         System.out.println("姓名:"+s.name+"\n年龄:"+s.age()+"\n毕业年份:"+s.getGraguateYear()+"\n成绩:"+s.gpa);
	}
	

}

 

截图:

题目2:

  • 定义一个基本类Shape,有一个draw方法,定义三个类Circle(圆)、Triangle(三角形)、Square(正方形)都继承于Shape。在测试类中定义一个方法doStuff,传入基本类shape为参数,并调用draw方法。使用父类Shape创建三个类Circle、 Triangle、Square的实例对象并分别作为参数传入draw方法中。
  • 提示:多态
  • 代码:

  • package xjweek11;
    
    public class Shape {
    		
    		void draw(){
    
    		}
    		
    	}
    
    package xjweek11;
    Circle类:
    public class Circle extends Shape {
    		void draw(){
    
    			System.out.println("Circle.draw()");
    		}
    }
    Triangle类
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Triangle extends Shape {
    	void draw(){
    
    		System.out.println("Triangle.draw()");
    	}
    
    }
    Square类
    package xjweek11;
    public class Square extends Shape {
    	void draw(){
    
    		System.out.println("Square.draw()");
    	}
    }
    测试类:
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Test2 {
    	static void doStuff(Shape s){
    		s.draw();
    	}
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Shape c=new Circle();
    		Shape s=new Square();
    		Shape t=new Triangle();
    		doStuff(c);
    		doStuff(s);
    		doStuff(t);
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    
    	}
    }

 

截图:

题目3:

  • 所有的动物都有一个父类Animal,再定义两个子类Bird(鸟)和Dog(狗)继承自Animal,并实现父类中的bark(叫唤)方法。

  • 提示:抽象
  • 代码:

  • package xjweek11;
    
    public class Animal {
    void bark(){
    		
    	}
    
    }
    
    Bird类
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Bird extends Animal {
    	void bark(){
    
    		System.out.println("鸟的叫声是:布谷布谷~");
    	}
    }
    Dog类:
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Dog extends Animal {
    	void bark(){
    
    		System.out.println("狗的叫声是:汪汪汪~");
    	}
    }
    测试类:
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Tsst3{
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Dog d=new Dog();
    		Bird b=new Bird();
    		d.bark();
    		b.bark();
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    
    	}
    }
  • 截图:

题目4:

  • 不同几何图形的面积计算公式是不一样的,可是,它们具有的特性是一样的,都具有长和宽这两个属性,也都具有面积计算的方法。根据抽象的概念计算长方形的面积和三角形的面积。

  • 提示:抽象
  • 代码:

  • package xjweek11;
    
    public abstract class Area {
    	int width;
    	int height;
    	public Area(int width, int height) {
    		super();
    		this.width = width;
    		this.height = height;
    	}
    	public  abstract double area();
    }
    Trigon类:
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Trigon extends Area {
    	public Trigon(int width, int height) {
    		super(width, height);
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
    	public double area(){
    		return width*height;
    }
    }
    
    package xjweek11;
    Rectangle
    public class Rectangle extends Area {
    	public Rectangle(int width, int height) {
    		super(width, height);
    		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    	}
     public double area(){
    	return width*height;
    
    	}
    }
    测试类:
    package xjweek11;
    
    public class Test4 {
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Rectangle r=new Rectangle(3,4);
    		System.out.println("长方形的面积为:"+r.area());
    	    Trigon t=new Trigon(6,8);
    	    System.out.println("三角形的面积为:"+t.area());
    		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
    
    	}
    }
    	
    	

截图:

心得体会:

1.java中的每一个类都有一个父类,有的显性的表示,有的则隐性表示,但都是继承一Objec,他是所有java类的父类。

2.Object类------java中万物之祖

3.多态的分类

(1)对象的多态。(父对象引用指向子类实例)

(2)方法的多态。(分为方法的重载和重写或者覆盖)

4.重写的函数只能抛出比之前更小的异常。访问权限只能比之前的更大。

5.对象的多态里面,父类对象指向子类实例,只能调用父类和子类中相同的方法,子类中新添加的方法并不能调用,若要调用就要有强制类型转换。

 

 

posted on 2022-05-14 23:25  6365  阅读(30)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报