l--操作系统：windows linux unix mac OS
a--网页发布软件：apache nginx iis
m--数据库：mysql pgsql oracle...
p--网页语言：php jsp xml
配置:
系统环境: rhel6 x86_64 iptables and selinux disabled
主机: 192.168.122.185 server85.example.com
相关网址:wiki.nginx.org rpm.pbone.net
所需的包:mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz php-5.4.12.tar.bz2
1.安装mysql
[root@server85 kernel]# tar zxf mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz
[root@server85 kernel]# cd mysql-5.6.10
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql \ (安装目录)
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data \ (数据库存放目录)
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ (Unix socket 文件路径)
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ (安装myisam存储引擎)
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ (使用utf8字符)
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ (校验字符)
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ (安装所有扩展字符集)
此时会出现如下问题：
(1)-bash: cmake: command not found
(2)CMake Error: CMAKE_C_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage
CMake Error: CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER not set, after EnableLanguage
(3)emove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
(4)Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
解决方法如下：
(1)[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# yum install cmake -y
(2)[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ -y
(3)[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# yum install ncurses-devel -y
(4)[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# yum install bison -y
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# make && make install
重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息:
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# yum install make -y
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# make clean
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# rm -rf CMakeCache.txt
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# useradd -u 27 -d /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ -M mysql
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# groupmod -g 27 mysql
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# cp /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# vim /etc/my.cnf
basedir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket = /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/mysql.sock
[root@server85 mysql-5.6.10]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/
[root@server85 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql--basedir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/
[root@server85 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@server85 mysql]# chown root -R /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/
[root@server85 mysql]# chown mysql -R /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/data/
[root@server85 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! (看到此提示说明mysql启动成功)
[root@server85 mysql]# vim ~/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin
[root@server85 mysql]# source ~/.bash_profile
至此mysql安装完成！！！
2.安装及配置nginx
(1)安装：
[root@server85 kernel]# tar zxf nginx-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@server85 kernel]# cd nginx-1.2.7
[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# vim src/core/nginx.h
#define NGINX_VER "nginx" (编译后外界无法获取程序的版本号)
[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# vim auto/cc/gcc
#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"（去掉debug模式编译，编译以后程序只有几百k）
[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module
此时会出现如下错误:
(1)./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
(2)./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
解决方法如下：
(1)[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# yum install pcre-devel -y
(2)[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# yum install openssl-devel -y
[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# make && make install
[root@server85 nginx-1.2.7]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/
[root@server85 conf]# vim nginx.conf
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 1024;
}
[root@server85 conf]# vim ~/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin: $PATH:/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/sbin
[root@server85 conf]# source ~/.bash_profile
[root@server85 conf]# nginx (启动nginx)
[root@server85 conf]# nginx -t ( 检测语法)
[root@server85 conf]# nginx -s reload (重载主配置文件)
[root@server85 conf]# nginx -s stop (关闭nginx)
访问server85.example.com能出现以下页面说明nginx安装并启动成功:
(2)配置(/etc/hosts下：192.168.122.185 server85.example.com)
[root@server85 ~]# useradd nginx
[root@server85 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user nginx nginx;
worker_processes 4;
[root@server85 ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@server85 ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@server85 ~]# ps ax
5922 ? Ss 0:00 nginx: master process nginx
5942 ? S 0:00 nginx: worker process
5943 ? S 0:00 nginx: worker process
5944 ? S 0:00 nginx: worker process
5945 ? S 0:00 nginx: worker process (进程数与配置的数目对应)
[root@server85 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root@server85 ~]# nginx -s reload
访问server85.example.com出现以下页面说明配置成功：
HTTPS加密访问
[root@server85 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 443;
server_name server85.example.com;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate nginx.pem;
ssl_certificate_key nginx.pem;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@server85 ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/
[root@server85 certs]# make nginx.pem
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:shannxi
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:xi'an
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:westos
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:linux
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:server85.example.com
Email Address []:root@server85.example.com
[root@server85 certs]# mv nginx.pem /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/
[root@server85 certs]# nginx -s reload
访问https://server85.example.com时需要先下载证书说明配置成功。
虚拟主机
[root@server85 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.linux.com;
access_log logs/linux.com.access.log main;
location / {
index index.html;
root /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/virtualhosts/linux;
}
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.westos.com;
access_log logs/westos.com.access.log main;
location / {
index index.html;
root /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/virtualhosts/westos;
}
}
[root@server85 ~]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/
[root@server85 nginx]# mkdir -p virtualhosts/linux
[root@server85 nginx]# mkdir -p virtualhosts/westos
[root@server85 nginx]# echo www.linux.com > virtualhosts/linux/index.html
[root@server85 nginx]# echo www.westos.com > virtualhosts/westos/index.html
[root@server85 nginx]# nginx -s reload
[root@server85 nginx]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.122.185 www.linux.com www.westos.com
分别访问www.linux.com和www.westos.com能访问到不同的网页说明配置成功。
负载均衡
[root@server85 ~]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
http {
upstream koen{
server 192.168.122.117:80;
server 192.168.122.1:80 ;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name server85.example.com;
location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://koen ;
}
}
[root@server85 ~]# nginx -s reload
访问server85.example.com, 刷新页面，两台机子上的页面循环出现说明配置成功.
至此nginx的安装及配置完毕！！！
3.安装php
libiconv (加强系统对支持字符编码转换的功能)
[root@server85 kernel]# tar zxf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
[root@server85 kernel]# cd libiconv-1.13.1
[root@server85 libiconv-1.13.1]# ./configure –libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@server85 libiconv-1.13.1]# make && make install
libmcrypt (php的加密算法扩展库)
[root@server85 kernel]# tar jxf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
[root@server85 kernel]# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
[root@server85 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure –libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@server85 libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make && make install
mhash (php的加密算法扩展库)
[root@server85 kernel]# tar jxf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
[root@server85 kernel]# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
[root@server85 mhash-0.9.9.9]# ./configure –libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
[root@server85 mhash-0.9.9.9]# make && make install
mcrypt
[root@server85 kernel]# tar zxf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
[root@server85 kernel]# cd mcrypt-2.6.8
[root@server85 mcrypt-2.6.8]# ./configure –libdir=/usr/local/lib64/
此时会出现如下错误:
configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found
解决方法如下：
[root@server85 mcrypt-2.6.8]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib64
[root@server85 mcrypt-2.6.8]# ldconfig
[root@server85 mcrypt-2.6.8]# make && make install
./configure时可能会报错:/bin/rm:cannot remove 'libtoolT':No Such file or directory直接忽略.
php
[root@server85 kernel]# tar jxf php-5.4.12.tar.bz2
[root@server85 kernel]# cd php-5.4.12
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# yum install net-snmp-devel curl-devel libxml2-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel gmp-devel -y
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/ --with-openssl --with-snmp --with-gd --with-zlib --with-curl --with-libxml-dir --with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-pear --with-gettext --with-gmp --enable-inline-optimization --enable-soap --enable-ftp --enable-sockets --enable-mbstring --with-mysqli=/usr/local/lnmp/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-libdir=lib64 --with-mcrypt –with-mhash
此时会出现以下错误：
checking for MySQL support... yes
checking for specified location of the MySQL UNIX socket... no
configure: error: Cannot find libmysqlclient under /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/.
Note that the MySQL client library is not bundled anymore!
解决方法如下:
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/mysql/
[root@server85 mysql]# ln -s lib/ lib64
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# make install
[root@server85 kernel]# cd php-5.4.12/sapi/fpm/
[root@server85 fpm]# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@server85 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@server85 ~]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/
[root@server85 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@server85 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
[root@server85 etc]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
[root@server85 etc]# ps ax
29876 ? Ss 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php-
29877 ? S 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
29878 ? S 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
[root@server85 etc]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
[root@server85 etc]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/
[root@server85 html]# vim index.php
<?php
phpinfo()
?>
[root@server85 html]# cd /root/kernel/php-5.4.12
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php.ini
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/php/etc/php.ini
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
[root@server85 php-5.4.12]# nginx -s reload
访问server85.example.com/index.php可以看到以下页面说明配置成功：
至此php安装完毕！！！
4.发布论坛
Discuz论坛：http://www.discuz.net/
phpwind论坛：http://www.phpwind.net/
phpbb论坛：https://www.phpbb.com/
[root@server85 kernel]# yum install unzip
[root@server85 kernel]# unzip Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip -d /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/
[root@server85 kernel]# cd /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/
[root@server85 html]# rm -rf readme/ utility/
[root@server85 html]# mv upload/ bbs
[root@server85 html]# vim /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
[root@server85 html]# nginx -s reload
访问server85.example.com/bbs出现以下画面，按“我同意”：
此时文件权限不满足要求：
解决方法如下：
[root@server85 bbs]# chown nginx -R /usr/local/lnmp/nginx/html/bbs/
至此Discuz论坛发布成功！！！
