题目链接:http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=2586

 

最近公共祖先问题~~LAC离散算法

题目大意:一个村子里有n个房子,这n个房子用n-1条路连接起来,接下了有m次询问,每次询问两个房子a,b之间的距离是多少。

很明显的最近公共祖先问题,先建一棵树,然后求出每一点i到树根的距离dis[i],然后每次询问a,b之间的距离=dis[a]+dis[b]-2*dis[LCA(a,b)];

LCA(a,b)即是a,b的最近公共祖先。。

关于最近公共祖先,给大家推荐一个学长的博客http://www.cnblogs.com/ylfdrib/archive/2010/11/03/1867901.html,里面讲的很不错!!

 

 1 # include<stdio.h>
 2 # include<string.h>
 3 # define N 40005
 4 # define M 205
 5 struct node{
 6     int from,to,next,val;
 7 }edge[2*N];
 8 struct node1{
 9     int from,to,next,num;
10 }edge1[2*M];
11 int tol,head[N],head1[N],tol1,father[N],dis[N],LCA[M],n,m;
12 bool visit[N];
13 void add(int a,int b,int c)
14 {
15     edge[tol].from=a;edge[tol].to=b;edge[tol].next=head[a];edge[tol].val=c;head[a]=tol++;
16 }
17 void add1(int a,int b,int c)
18 {
19     edge1[tol1].from=a;edge1[tol1].to=b;edge1[tol1].next=head1[a];edge1[tol1].num=c;head1[a]=tol1++;
20 }
21 int find(int x)
22 {
23     if(x!=father[x])
24         father[x]=find(father[x]);
25     return father[x];
26 }
27 void tarjan(int u)
28 {
29     int j,v;
30     visit[u]=1;
31     father[u]=u;
32     //////////////////
33     for(j=head1[u];j!=-1;j=edge1[j].next)
34     {
35         v=edge1[j].to;
36         if(visit[v]) LCA[edge1[j].num]=find(v);
37     }
38     //////////////////
39     for(j=head[u];j!=-1;j=edge[j].next)
40     {
41         v=edge[j].to;
42         if(!visit[v]) 
43         {
44             dis[v]=dis[u]+edge[j].val;
45             tarjan(v);
46             father[v]=u;
47         }
48     }
49 }
50 int main()
51 {
52     int i,ncase,a,b,c;
53     scanf("%d",&ncase);
54     while(ncase--)
55     {
56         scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
57         tol=0;
58         memset(head,-1,sizeof(head));
59         for(i=1;i<n;i++)
60         {
61             scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
62             add(a,b,c);
63             add(b,a,c);
64         }
65         memset(visit,0,sizeof(visit));
66         tol1=0;
67         memset(head1,-1,sizeof(head1));
68         for(i=1;i<=m;i++)
69         {
70             scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
71             add1(a,b,i);
72             add1(b,a,i);
73         }
74         ///LCA是一种离线算法,所以刚开始需要把所有的询问都输入,然后用邻接表进行存储,i表示第i次询问
75         dis[1]=0;
76         tarjan(1);
77         for(i=0;i<tol1;i+=2)
78         {
79             a=edge1[i].from;
80             b=edge1[i].to;
81             c=edge1[i].num;
82             printf("%d\n",dis[a]+dis[b]-2*dis[LCA[c]]);
83         }
84     }
85     return 0;
86 }

 

**************************

 

 1 #include <cstdio>
 2 #include <cstring>
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 const int NN=50010;
 8 
 9 int n,m;
10 vector<pair<int,int> > edge[NN],qe[NN];
11 vector<int> q1,q2;
12 
13 int p[NN];
14 int find(int x)
15 {
16     if (p[x]!=x) p[x]=find(p[x]);
17     return p[x];
18 }
19 
20 int sum=0,ans[NN],dis[NN];
21 bool vis[NN]={0};
22 void lca(int u,int fa)
23 {
24     p[u]=u;
25     for (int i=0; i<edge[u].size(); i++)
26     {
27         int v=edge[u][i].first;
28         if (v==fa) continue;
29         dis[v]=dis[u]+edge[u][i].second;
30         lca(v,u);
31         p[v]=u;
32     }
33     vis[u]=true;
34     if (sum==m) return;
35     for (int i=0; i<qe[u].size(); i++)
36     {
37         int v=qe[u][i].first;
38         if (vis[v])
39             ans[qe[u][i].second]=dis[u]+dis[v]-2*dis[find(v)];
40     }
41 }
42 
43 int main()
44 {
45     int u,v,w;
46 
47     int t;
48     scanf("%d",&t);
49     while(t--){
50     scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
51     for (int i=1; i<=n; i++)
52     {
53         edge[i].clear();
54     }
55     for (int i=1; i<n; i++)
56     {
57         scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
58         edge[u].push_back(make_pair(v,w));
59         edge[v].push_back(make_pair(u,w));
60     }
61 
62     for (int i=0; i<m; i++)
63     {
64         scanf("%d%d",&u,&v);
65         qe[u].push_back(make_pair(v,i));
66         qe[v].push_back(make_pair(u,i));
67         ans[i]=0;
68     }
69     dis[1]=0;
70     lca(1,0);
71     for (int i=0; i<m; i++) printf("%d\n",ans[i]);
72     }
73     return 0;
74 }

 

posted on 2016-08-10 19:10  惟愿。。。  阅读(220)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报