方法一：(效率最高)
select * from test as a
where typeindex = (select max(b.typeindex)
from test as b
where a.type = b.type );
方法二：(效率次之)
select
a.* from test a,
(select type,max(typeindex) typeindex from test group by type) b
where a.type = b.type and a.typeindex = b.typeindex order by a.type
方法三：
select a.* from test a inner join (select type , max(typeindex) typeindex from test group by type) b on a.type = b.type and a.typeindex = b.typeindex order by a.type
方法四：(效率最低)
select * from
(
select *,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY type ORDER BY typeindex DESC) as num
from test
) t
where t.num = 1
