DataView组件可以在DataSet中实现对数据的过滤和分类。下面是DataView对象常用的属性及方法:
属性 | |
---|---|
Count | 在应用RowFilter和RowStateFilter之后,获取DataView中记录的数量 |
Item | 从指定的表获取一行数据 |
RowFilter | 获取或设置用于筛选在DataView中查看哪些行的条件表达式 |
RowStateFilter | 获取或设置用于DataView中的行状态筛选器 |
Sort | 获取或设置DataView的一个或多个排序列以及排序顺序 |
Table | 获取或设置源DataTable |
方法 | |
AddNew | 将新行添加到DataView |
Delete | 删除指定索引位置的行 |
Find | 按指定的排序关键字值在DataView中查找行 |
FindRows | 返回DataRowView对象的数组 |
DataTable的原始输出格式可以通过DefaultView属性来取得,DefaultView属性本身就是DataView对象;我们可以设定DefaultView的属性来指定DataTable的显示格式。
1.用DataView.Sort属性来排序
例子所使用的数据库名为sango,表为people,部分数据如下图:
示例1:
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<html>
<body>
<Script language="C#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=localhost;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=;";
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
SqlDataAdapter cmd = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,strConn);
cmd.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
DataTable dt = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
Response.Write("<font color=red>未排序:</font><br>");
//循环读取数据
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
Response.Write("<hr noshade><font color=red>排序后:</font><br>");
//按照姓名(读音首字母顺序)的升序排列
dt.DefaultView.Sort = "姓名 ASC";
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<html>
<body>
<Script language="C#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=localhost;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=;";
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
SqlDataAdapter cmd = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,strConn);
cmd.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
DataTable dt = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
Response.Write("<font color=red>未排序:</font><br>");
//循环读取数据
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
Response.Write("<hr noshade><font color=red>排序后:</font><br>");
//按照姓名(读音首字母顺序)的升序排列
dt.DefaultView.Sort = "姓名 ASC";
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.用DataView.RowFilter属性来筛选数据
DataView.RowFilter属性可以利用比较运算符 =、<、>、<=、>=以及Like来过滤记录中的数据。其实该属性需要的值就是一个Where子句
示例2:
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<script language="C#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=.;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,conn);
sda.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
DataTable dt = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
//循环得到原始数据
Response.Write("<font color=red>原始数据:</font><br>");
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
//对数据进行筛选
dt.DefaultView.RowFilter = "阵营='魏国' and 士兵>9000";
Response.Write("<font color=red>筛选后的数据:</font><br>");
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
}
</script>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<script language="C#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=.;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,conn);
sda.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
DataTable dt = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
//循环得到原始数据
Response.Write("<font color=red>原始数据:</font><br>");
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
//对数据进行筛选
dt.DefaultView.RowFilter = "阵营='魏国' and 士兵>9000";
Response.Write("<font color=red>筛选后的数据:</font><br>");
for(int i=0;i<dt.Rows.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"<br>");
}
}
</script>
3.用DataView.RowStateFilter属性得到操作后的数据
DataView.RowStateFilter所需要的值是DataViewState枚举值中的一个,DataViewRowState所包含的状态值如下表所示:
成员名称 | 说明 |
Added | 新添加的行 |
CurrentRows | 包括未更改行、新行和已修改行的当前行 |
Deleted | 已删除的行 |
ModifiedCurrent | 被修改后的记录 |
ModifiedOriginal | 被修改前的记录 |
None | 无 |
OriginalRows | 包括未被修改以及删除掉的原始记录 |
Unchanged | 未更改的行 |
示例3:
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<script language="c#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=.;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=";
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,strConn);
sda.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
//用Session在各函数之间传递原始表
Session["myTable"] = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
Response.Write("<font color=red>新添加的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Added();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>被删除的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Deleted();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>修改后的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_ModifiedCurrent();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>修改前的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_ModifiedOriginal();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>尚未被更改的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Unchanged();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>现在存在的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_CurrentRows();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>原始记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_OriginalRows();
}
private void Show_Added()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//DataTable有一个方法NewRow()来创建一个新记录对象,然后再分别赋值
DataRow newRecord1 = dt.NewRow();
DataRow newRecord2 = dt.NewRow();
newRecord1["姓名"] = "颜良";
newRecord1["阵营"] = "袁绍军";
newRecord2["姓名"] = "文丑";
newRecord2["阵营"] = "袁绍军";
//用DataTable.Rows.Add()方法添加数据
dt.Rows.Add(newRecord1);
dt.Rows.Add(newRecord2);
//设置状态为Added,并打印新添加的这两条数据
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Added;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["阵营"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_Deleted()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//从DataTable中删除数据,用DataTable.Select(string)方法创建一个DataRow数组,然后在循环中调用DataRow.Delete()来删除
string expression = "阵营='蜀国' and 性别='女'";
DataRow[] tempRow = dt.Select(expression);
for(int i=0;i<tempRow.Length;i++)
{
tempRow[i].Delete();
}
//状态设置为Deleted,并打印被删除的数据
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Deleted;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["阵营"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_ModifiedCurrent()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//得到需要修改的记录行
string expression = "阵营='魏国' and 士兵<=10000";
DataRow[] tempRow = dt.Select(expression);
for(int i=0;i<tempRow.Length;i++)
{
//将每个带兵数小于9000的武将各加上1000
tempRow[i]["士兵"] = (int)tempRow[i]["士兵"] + 1000;
}
//状态设置为ModifiedCurrent,并打印修改后的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.ModifiedCurrent;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["士兵"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_ModifiedOriginal()
{
//这个函数得到相对于ModifiedCurrent修改前的记录
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//状态设置为ModifiedOriginal,并打印修改前的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.ModifiedOriginal;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["士兵"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_Unchanged()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//得到所有列名,注意这里不能像DataRow那样直接创建数组,而是要使用DataColumnCollection集合来获取数组
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为Unchanged,并打印未修改的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Unchanged;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
private void Show_CurrentRows()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为CurrentRows,并打印当前存在的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.CurrentRows;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
private void Show_OriginalRows()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为OriginalRows,并打印原始记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.OriginalRows;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
</script>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" %>
<script language="c#" runat="server">
public void Page_Load(Object sender,EventArgs e)
{
string strConn = "server=.;database=sango;uid=sa;pwd=";
string strCmd = "SELECT * FROM people";
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter(strCmd,strConn);
sda.Fill(ds,"tempTable");
//用Session在各函数之间传递原始表
Session["myTable"] = ds.Tables["tempTable"];
Response.Write("<font color=red>新添加的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Added();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>被删除的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Deleted();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>修改后的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_ModifiedCurrent();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>修改前的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_ModifiedOriginal();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>尚未被更改的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_Unchanged();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>现在存在的记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_CurrentRows();
Response.Write("<p><font color=red>原始记录是:</font><hr noshade>");
this.Show_OriginalRows();
}
private void Show_Added()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//DataTable有一个方法NewRow()来创建一个新记录对象,然后再分别赋值
DataRow newRecord1 = dt.NewRow();
DataRow newRecord2 = dt.NewRow();
newRecord1["姓名"] = "颜良";
newRecord1["阵营"] = "袁绍军";
newRecord2["姓名"] = "文丑";
newRecord2["阵营"] = "袁绍军";
//用DataTable.Rows.Add()方法添加数据
dt.Rows.Add(newRecord1);
dt.Rows.Add(newRecord2);
//设置状态为Added,并打印新添加的这两条数据
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Added;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["阵营"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_Deleted()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//从DataTable中删除数据,用DataTable.Select(string)方法创建一个DataRow数组,然后在循环中调用DataRow.Delete()来删除
string expression = "阵营='蜀国' and 性别='女'";
DataRow[] tempRow = dt.Select(expression);
for(int i=0;i<tempRow.Length;i++)
{
tempRow[i].Delete();
}
//状态设置为Deleted,并打印被删除的数据
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Deleted;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["阵营"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_ModifiedCurrent()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//得到需要修改的记录行
string expression = "阵营='魏国' and 士兵<=10000";
DataRow[] tempRow = dt.Select(expression);
for(int i=0;i<tempRow.Length;i++)
{
//将每个带兵数小于9000的武将各加上1000
tempRow[i]["士兵"] = (int)tempRow[i]["士兵"] + 1000;
}
//状态设置为ModifiedCurrent,并打印修改后的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.ModifiedCurrent;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["士兵"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_ModifiedOriginal()
{
//这个函数得到相对于ModifiedCurrent修改前的记录
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//状态设置为ModifiedOriginal,并打印修改前的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.ModifiedOriginal;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i]["姓名"]+"--"+dt.DefaultView[i]["士兵"]+"<br>");
}
}
private void Show_Unchanged()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
//得到所有列名,注意这里不能像DataRow那样直接创建数组,而是要使用DataColumnCollection集合来获取数组
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为Unchanged,并打印未修改的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.Unchanged;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
private void Show_CurrentRows()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为CurrentRows,并打印当前存在的记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.CurrentRows;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
private void Show_OriginalRows()
{
DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["myTable"];
DataColumnCollection cols = dt.Columns;
//状态设置为OriginalRows,并打印原始记录
dt.DefaultView.RowStateFilter = DataViewRowState.OriginalRows;
for(int i=0;i<dt.DefaultView.Count;i++)
{
foreach(DataColumn col in cols)
{
Response.Write(dt.DefaultView[i][col.ColumnName]+" ");
}
Response.Write("<p>");
}
}
</script>