24.configparser&hashlib

转载：https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/article/5732581.html

configparser

来看一个好多软件的常见文档格式如下：

[DEFAULT]
ServerAliveInterval = 45
Compression = yes
CompressionLevel = 9
ForwardX11 = yes
  
[bitbucket.org]
User = hg
  
[topsecret.server.com]
Port = 50022
ForwardX11 = no

如果想用python生成一个这样的文档怎么做呢？

import configparser
  
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
                      'Compression': 'yes',
                     'CompressionLevel': '9'}
  
config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'
config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
topsecret['Host Port'] = '50022'     # mutates the parser
topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here
config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'<br>
with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
   config.write(configfile)

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

#---------------------------------------------查
print(config.sections())   #[]

config.read('example.ini')

print(config.sections())   #['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

print('bytebong.com' in config)# False

print(config['bitbucket.org']['User']) # hg

print(config['DEFAULT']['Compression']) #yes

print(config['topsecret.server.com']['ForwardX11'])  #no


for key in config['bitbucket.org']:
    print(key)


# user
# serveraliveinterval
# compression
# compressionlevel
# forwardx11


print(config.options('bitbucket.org'))#['user', 'serveraliveinterval', 'compression', 'compressionlevel', 'forwardx11']
print(config.items('bitbucket.org'))  #[('serveraliveinterval', '45'), ('compression', 'yes'), ('compressionlevel', '9'), ('forwardx11', 'yes'), ('user', 'hg')]

print(config.get('bitbucket.org','compression'))#yes


#---------------------------------------------删,改,增(config.write(open('i.cfg', "w")))


config.add_section('yuan')

config.remove_section('topsecret.server.com')
config.remove_option('bitbucket.org','user')

config.set('bitbucket.org','k1','11111')

config.write(open('i.cfg', "w"))

增删改查

hashlib

用于加密相关的操作，3.x里代替了md5模块和sha模块，主要提供 SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 ，MD5 算法

import hashlib
 
m=hashlib.md5()# m=hashlib.sha256()
 
m.update('hello'.encode('utf8'))
print(m.hexdigest())  #5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592
 
m.update('alvin'.encode('utf8'))
 
print(m.hexdigest())  #92a7e713c30abbb0319fa07da2a5c4af
 
m2=hashlib.md5()
m2.update('helloalvin'.encode('utf8'))
print(m2.hexdigest()) #92a7e713c30abbb0319fa07da2a5c4af

以上加密算法虽然依然非常厉害，但时候存在缺陷，即：通过撞库可以反解。所以，有必要对加密算法中添加自定义key再来做加密。

import hashlib
 
# ######## 256 ########
 
hash = hashlib.sha256('898oaFs09f'.encode('utf8'))
hash.update('alvin'.encode('utf8'))
print (hash.hexdigest())#e79e68f070cdedcfe63eaf1a2e92c83b4cfb1b5c6bc452d214c1b7e77cdfd1c7

python 还有一个 hmac 模块，它内部对我们创建 key 和 内容 再进行处理然后再加密:

import hmac
h = hmac.new('alvin'.encode('utf8'))
h.update('hello'.encode('utf8'))
print (h.hexdigest())#320df9832eab4c038b6c1d7ed73a5940