java实现微信扫一扫详解

一、微信JS-SDK参数配置及查找

  JS安全域名配置(查找:微信公众号里-公众号设置-功能设置页)

    注:1、安全域名外网必须可以访问的到 

      2、域名不能有下划线 

      3、要将(MP_verify_ZTbWVRm4MwKyq8mw.txt)次文件放到项目根目录下,也就是上面的域名+次文件名称外网可以访问的到。

 

  

  AppID、AppSecret及IP白名单设置。(微信公众号里-开发者中心-基本设置)

    注:1、AppSecret获取到一定一定一定要找个地方记下来,不然下一次还要重新获取这样会影响其他已开发项目的使用。

      2、IP名单需要配置部署服务器IP。

  

   

二、前端代码

   首先要引入微信提供的js库

  

<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"></script>

   通过config接口进行权限认证-error接口进行处理失败认证-wx.scanQRCode({})扫一扫接口调用;

  注:1、config接口参数,这里是通过ajax方式从后台获取,后面代码会粘出来。

    2、debug在调试阶段值设置为true。 

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<script type="text/javascript">
   var timestamp = "";
   var nonceStr = "";
   var signature = "";
      $.ajax({
           url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/web/wxConfig/getWxConfig",
              data:{},
              type:"POST",
              dataType:"json",
              async:false,
              cache:false,
              success:function(data){
                timestamp = data.wxConfig.timestamp;
                nonceStr = data.wxConfig.nonceStr;
                signature = data.wxConfig.signature;
              }
      });
    wx.config({ 
          debug: false, // 开启调试模式,调用的所有api的返回值会在客户端alert出来,若要查看传入的参数,可以在pc端打开,参数信息会通过log打出,仅在pc端时才会打印。 
          appId: "xxxxxxxxxx", // 必填,公众号的唯一标识 
          timestamp: timestamp, // 必填,生成签名的时间戳 ${wxConfig.timestamp}
          nonceStr: nonceStr, // 必填,生成签名的随机串 ${wxConfig.nonceStr}
          signature: signature,// 必填,签名,见附录1 ${wxConfig.signature}
          jsApiList: ['scanQRCode'] // 必填,需要使用的JS接口列表,所有JS接口列表见附录2 
        });
    wx.error(function(res) {  
        alert("出错了:" + res.errMsg);  
    });  
    $("#train_signStatus").click(function() {
        wx.scanQRCode({
            needResult : 1,
            desc : 'scanQRCode desc',
            success : function(res) {
                var url = res.resultStr;
                var memberId = $.cookie('userId');
                var trainingId=url.substr(url.indexOf("trainingId=")+11,32);
                var type = url.substr(url.indexOf("type=")+5,1);
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    url: "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/web/webTraining/signInByQRCode",
                     data : {
                         trainingId:trainingId,
                         memberId:memberId,
                         type:type
                    },
                    dataType : "json",
                    success : function(res) {
                            var status = res.status;
                            if(status=='3'){
                                alert('已签到');
                            }else if(status=='5'){
                                alert('上课签到班主任未开启');
                            }else if(status=='999'){
                                alert('签到成功');
                            }
                            window.location.reload();
                     }
                 });
            }
        });
    });
</script>
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 三、java后台代码。

下面代码注意事项:

 1:url必须和请求jsp的url相同(查看可通过在jsp页面alert输出window.locatiion.href)-----否侧会验证失败

 

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import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.sms.util.Sign;
import com.sms.util.WxUtils;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("web/wxConfig")
public class WebWxConfig {
    
     @RequestMapping(value="/getWxConfig",method=RequestMethod.POST)
     @ResponseBody
     public ModelMap getWxConfig(HttpServletRequest request,ModelMap map){
         //http://localhost/WX/browser/member/membertrain.jsp
         String url = "http://"+WxUtils.APP_DOMAIN+ request.getContextPath()+"/browser/member/membertrain.jsp";
         String ticket = WxUtils.getTicket();
         Map<String, String> sign = Sign.sign(ticket, url);
         for (Map.Entry entry : sign.entrySet()) {
             System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "," + entry.getValue());
         }
         map.put("wxConfig", sign);
         return map;
     }
 }
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下面代码注意事项:

  1、AppID和appSecret通过(一)获取

  2、getTicket获取票据的方法,票据是微信签名时必须用到的(重点-重点-重点),基本微信所有的接口都是需要票据的。

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import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class WxUtils {
    private static String APP_ID = "XXXXXX";
    private static String AppSecret = "XXXXXXXXXXXX";
    public static String APP_DOMAIN ="www.oacloudapp.cn";
    public static String getTicket(){
        String urlToken="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+APP_ID+"&secret="+AppSecret+"";
        String backToken = sendGet(urlToken,"utf-8",60000);
        System.out.println("token:"+backToken);
        String accessToken = (String) JSONObject.fromObject(backToken).get("access_token");
        String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token="+accessToken+"&type=jsapi";
        String backTicket = sendGet(url,"utf-8",60000);
        System.out.println("Ticket:"+backTicket);
        String ticket = (String) JSONObject.fromObject(backTicket).get("ticket");  
        return ticket;
    }
    /**
     * 
      * @title  getAccessToken
      * @Description 获取访问令牌
      * @author sss
      * @Date 2018-5-18上午11:07:18
      * @return
     */
    public static String getAccessToken(){
        String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid="+APP_ID+"&secret="+AppSecret+"";
        String backData = sendGet(url,"utf-8",10000);
        String accessToken = (String) JSONObject.fromObject(backData).get("access_token");
        return accessToken;
    }
    /**
     * 
      * @title  sendGet
      * @Description
      * @author sss
      * @Date 2018-5-18上午11:15:33
      * @param url
      * @param charset
      * @param timeout
      * @return
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, String charset, int timeout)
    {
      String result = "";
      try
      {
        URL u = new URL(url);
        try
        {
          URLConnection conn = u.openConnection();
          conn.connect();
          conn.setConnectTimeout(timeout);
          BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), charset));
          String line="";
          while ((line = in.readLine()) != null)
          {
            result = result + line;
          }
          in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
          return result;
        }
      }
      catch (MalformedURLException e)
      {
        return result;
      }
      return result;
    }
}
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以下代码是微信提供的Demo 生成签名时使用。 

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import java.util.UUID;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Formatter;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  

public class Sign {
    /*public static void main(String[] args) {
        String ticket = WxUtils.getTicket();
        // 注意 URL 一定要动态获取,不能 hardcode
        String url = "http://"+WxUtils.APP_DOMAIN+"/RAFFLE/gotoLetter";
        Map<String, String> ret = sign(ticket, url);
        for (Map.Entry entry : ret.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ", " + entry.getValue());
        }
    };*/
    public static Map<String, String> sign(String jsapi_ticket, String url) {
        Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>();

      String nonce_str = create_nonce_str();//产生随机串--由程序自己随机产生
      String timestamp = create_timestamp();//由程序自己获取当前时间

        String string1;
        String signature = "";

        //注意这里参数名必须全部小写,且必须有序
        string1 = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket +
                  "&noncestr=" + nonce_str +
                  "&timestamp=" + timestamp +
                  "&url=" + url;
        System.out.println(string1);

        try
        {
            MessageDigest crypt = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
            crypt.reset();
            crypt.update(string1.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            signature = byteToHex(crypt.digest());
        }
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        ret.put("url", url);
        ret.put("jsapi_ticket", jsapi_ticket);
        ret.put("nonceStr", nonce_str);
        ret.put("timestamp", timestamp);
        ret.put("signature", signature);

        return ret;
    }

    private static String byteToHex(final byte[] hash) {
        Formatter formatter = new Formatter();
        for (byte b : hash)
        {
            formatter.format("%02x", b);
        }
        String result = formatter.toString();
        formatter.close();
        return result;
    }

    private static String create_nonce_str() {
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");
    }

    private static String create_timestamp() {
        return Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
    }
}
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posted on 2018-10-26 10:06  暮雨晨光  阅读(831)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报