先来看一下构造函数

 1     public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
 2                               int maximumPoolSize,
 3                               long keepAliveTime,
 4                               TimeUnit unit,
 5                               BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
 6                               ThreadFactory threadFactory,
 7                               RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
 8         if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
 9             maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
10             maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
11             keepAliveTime < 0)
12             throw new IllegalArgumentException();
13         if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
14             throw new NullPointerException();
15         this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
16         this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
17         this.workQueue = workQueue;
18         this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
19         this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
20         this.handler = handler;
21     }

重点讲解:

1、当线程池小于corePoolSize时,新提交任务将创建一个新线程执行任务,即使此时线程池中存在空闲线程。

2、当线程池达到corePoolSize时,新提交任务将被放入workQueue中,等待线程池中任务调度执行 

3、当workQueue已满,且maximumPoolSize>corePoolSize时,新提交任务会创建新线程执行任务 

4、当提交任务数超过maximumPoolSize时,新提交任务由RejectedExecutionHandler处理 

5、当线程池中超过corePoolSize线程,空闲时间达到keepAliveTime时,关闭空闲线程 

6、当设置allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true)时,线程池中corePoolSize线程空闲时间达到keepAliveTime也将关闭 

 

配置方案:

1、构造一个固定线程数目的线程池,配置的corePoolSize与maximumPoolSize大小相同,同时使用了一个无界LinkedBlockingQueue存放阻塞任务,因此多余的任务将存在再阻塞队列,不会由RejectedExecutionHandler处理 

public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {  
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,  
                                      0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,  
                                      new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());  
} 


2、构造一个缓冲功能的线程池,配置corePoolSize=0,maximumPoolSize=Integer.MAX_VALUE,keepAliveTime=60s,以及一个无容量的阻塞队列 SynchronousQueue,因此任务提交之后,将会创建新的线程执行;线程空闲超过60s将会销毁 

public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() {  
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE,  
                                      60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,  
                                      new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());  
 }  

3、构造一个只支持一个线程的线程池,配置corePoolSize=maximumPoolSize=1,无界阻塞队列LinkedBlockingQueue;保证任务由一个线程串行执行 

public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() {  
        return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService  
            (new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1,  
                                    0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,  
                                    new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()));  
    }  

4、构造有定时功能的线程池,配置corePoolSize,无界延迟阻塞队列DelayedWorkQueue;有意思的是:maximumPoolSize=Integer.MAX_VALUE,由于DelayedWorkQueue是无界队列,所以这个值是没有意义的 

public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize) {  
        return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize);  
    }  
  
public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(  
            int corePoolSize, ThreadFactory threadFactory) {  
        return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize, threadFactory);  
    }  
  
public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,  
                             ThreadFactory threadFactory) {  
        super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS,  
              new DelayedWorkQueue(), threadFactory);  
    } 

总结: 
1、用ThreadPoolExecutor自定义线程池,看线程是的用途,如果任务量不大,可以用无界队列,如果任务量非常大,要用有界队列,防止OOM 
2、如果任务量很大,还要求每个任务都处理成功,要对提交的任务进行阻塞提交,重写拒绝机制,改为阻塞提交。保证不抛弃一个任务 
3、最大线程数一般设为2N+1最好,N是CPU核数 
4、核心线程数,看应用,如果是任务,一天跑一次,设置为0,合适,因为跑完就停掉了,如果是常用线程池,看任务量,是保留一个核心还是几个核心线程数 
5、如果要获取任务执行结果,用CompletionService,但是注意,获取任务的结果的要重新开一个线程获取,如果在主线程获取,就要等任务都提交后才获取,就会阻塞大量任务结果,队列过大OOM,所以最好异步开个线程获取结果

 

posted on 2016-09-27 11:05  向着大牛奋斗  阅读(206)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报