Leo Zhang
菩提本无树,明镜亦非台!

简介

此框架是基于Python+Pytest+Requests+Allure+Yaml+Json实现全链路接口自动化测试。

主要流程:解析接口数据包 ->生成接口基础配置(yml) ->生成测试用例(yaml+json) ->生成测试脚本(.py) ->运行测试(pytest) ->生成测试报告(allure)

测试流程:初始化请求 ->处理接口基础信息 ->读取前置接口用例 ->发送前置接口 ->处理当前接口数据 ->发送当前接口  ->检查接口返回

接口自动化测试无非分几大块:测试用例设计、测试脚本编写、测试结果校验、测试报告生成、测试配置管理。

其中常见有几大难点:接口之间依赖关联、测试数据与脚本分离、测试数据参数化处理、全量自动化耗时。

而这些本框架通通已为你解决,你无须编写任何代码,只需要你抓取接口数据包即可

关于接口依赖:你只要填写前置接口相对路径即可,如果存在数据依赖关系,此时你也仅需要填写前置接口对应的参数值,本框架将自动为你调用和替换关联数据。

关于测试数据:本框架采用yaml记录接口基本信息,当请求参数和结果较大时,将单独保存到json文件中,解决各类数据的错综复杂问题。

关于参数化:本框架采用常用工具使用的变量标识 ${var} ,通过正则表达式,自动检索变量,自动为你替换变量,并且为你提供多种函数助手【$RandInt()$GenGuid()】为你解决测试数据生成问题。

关于用例执行:本框架利用pytest扩展库,支持多线程模式、失败用例重试、用例模糊匹配等。

目前主要支持四种运行模式:

> 0 -不开启自动生成测试用例功能,将直接运行测试

> 1 -根据手工编写用例,自动生成测试脚本,然后运行测试

> 2 -根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,然后运行测试

> 3 -根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,但不运行测试

注意:目前解析仅支持(.chlsj)格式,请使用Charles工具抓包导出JSON Session File

目前支持多种函数助手(以下仅为示例,之后将单独说明):

print('替换变量并计算表达式:', replace('$Eval(${unitCode}*1000+1)', {'unitCode': 9876543210}))
print('生成1-9之间的随机数:', replace('$RandInt(1,9)'))
print('生成10位随机字符:', replace('$RandStr(10)'))
print('从列表中随机选择:', replace('$RandChoice(a,b,c,d)'))
print('生成一个伪手机号:', replace('$GenPhone()'))
print('生成一个guid:', replace('$GenGuid()'))
print('生成一个伪微信ID:', replace('$GenWxid()'))
print('生成一个伪身份证:', replace('$GenNoid()'))
print('生成一个18岁伪身份证:', replace("$GenNoid(y-18)"))
print('生成下个月今天的日期:', replace("$GenDate(m+1)"))
print('生成昨天此时的时间:', replace("$GenDatetime(d-1)"))
替换变量并计算表达式: 9876543210
生成1-9之间的随机数: 9
生成10位随机字符: CB8512d4E6
从列表中随机选择: d
生成一个伪手机号: 18890688629
生成一个guid: 78A6698C-6793-11EB-8221-005056C00008
生成一个伪微信ID: AUTO9K6MRzVGfsNB4ZkIuSdXravD
生成一个伪身份证: 999577202102052043
生成一个18岁伪身份证: 953700200302056259
生成下个月今天的日期: 2021-03-05
生成昨天此时的时间: 2021-02-04 17:21:04.696745

 


框架流程图

 


项目结构

 


启动服务(startup.py)

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/1
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : startup.py
# ***********************
import os
import sys
import pytest
import logging


if __name__ == '__main__':
    from comm.script import writeLogs, writeCase
    from config import *

    # 开启日志记录(默认logs目录)
    writeLogs.MyLogs(ROOT_DIR+'logs')

    # 判断运行模式
    if RC['auto_switch'] == 3:
        logging.info("根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,但不运行测试!")
        writeCase.write_case(DATA_DIR, auto_yaml=True)
        sys.exit(0)

    elif RC['auto_switch'] == 2:
        logging.info("根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,然后运行测试!")
        writeCase.write_case(DATA_DIR, auto_yaml=True)

    elif RC['auto_switch'] == 1:
        # 如果扫描路径为空在则取项目page目录
        if not os.path.exists(RC['scan_dir']):
            RC['scan_dir'] = PAGE_DIR
        logging.info("根据手工编写用例,自动生成测试脚本,然后运行测试!")
        writeCase.write_case(RC['scan_dir'], auto_yaml=False)

    else:
        logging.info("不开启自动生成测试用例功能,将直接运行测试!")

    # 定义运行参数
    args_list = ['-vs', TEST_DIR,
                 '-n', str(RC['process']),
                 '--reruns', str(RC['reruns']),
                 '--maxfail', str(RC['maxfail']),
                 '--alluredir', REPORT_DIR+'/xml',
                 '--clean-alluredir']
    # 判断是否开启用例匹配
    if RC['pattern']:
        args_list += ['-k ' + str(RC['pattern'])]
    test_result = pytest.main(args_list)

    # 生成allure报告
    cmd = 'allure generate --clean %s -o %s ' % (REPORT_DIR+'/xml', REPORT_DIR+'/html')
    os.system(cmd)

运行配置说明(runConfig.yml)

# 运行项目名
project_name: PyDemo

# 运行模式:
auto_switch: 2
# 0 -不开启自动生成测试用例功能,将直接运行测试
# 1 -根据手工编写用例,自动生成测试脚本,然后运行测试
# 2 -根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,然后运行测试
# 3 -根据接口抓包数据,自动生成测试用例和测试脚本,但不运行测试
# 注意:目前解析仅支持(.chlsj)格式,请使用Charles工具抓包导出JSON Session File

# 扫描测试用例目录(且仅当auto_switch=1时有用)
scan_dir:

# 使用模糊匹配测试用例(空则匹配所有)
pattern:

# 执行并发线程数(0表示不开启)
process: 0

# 失败重试次数(0表示不重试)
reruns: 0

# 本轮测试最大允许失败数(超出则立即结束测试)
maxfail: 20

# 接口调用间隔时间(s)
interval: 1

# 测试结果校验方式说明(共5种方式):
# no_check:不做任何校验
# check_code:仅校验接口返回码code
# check_json:校验接口返回码code,并进行json格式比较返回结果(默认方式)
# entirely_check:校验接口返回码code,并进行完整比较返回结果
# regular_check:校验接口返回码code,并进行正则匹配返回结果

测试脚本基础模板(test_template.py)

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/2
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : test_template.py
# ****************************
import os
import allure
import pytest
from comm.utils.readYaml import read_yaml_data
from comm.unit.initializePremise import init_premise
from comm.unit.apiSend import send_request
from comm.unit.checkResult import check_result
case_yaml = os.path.realpath(__file__).replace('testcase', 'page').replace('py', 'yaml')
case_path = os.path.dirname(case_yaml)
case_dict = read_yaml_data(case_yaml)


@allure.feature(case_dict["test_info"]["title"])
class TestTemplate:

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("case_data", case_dict["test_case"])
    @allure.story("test_template")
    def test_template(self, case_data):
        # 初始化请求:执行前置接口+替换关联变量
        test_info, case_data = init_premise(case_dict["test_info"], case_data, case_path)
        # 发送当前接口
        code, data = send_request(test_info, case_data)
        # 校验接口返回
        check_result(case_data, code, data)

接口配置示例(apiConfig.yml) 

PyDemo:
  # 首次会根据接口数据包生成,可自行更改或添加新配置,所有配置将作为公共关联值
  host: 10.88.88.141:20037
  headers:
    Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8
  cookies:
  headtoken: xu5YwIZFkVGczMn0H0rot2ps7zRIbvrTHNwMXx1sJXg=

测试用例说明(test.yaml)- 3.12更新

# 用例基本信息
test_info:
  # 测试用例标题,默认截取请求地址倒数第2个字段名,在报告中作为一级目录显示
  title: register
  # 请求域名,默认读取公共关联值,可修改
  host: ${host}
  # 请求协议
  scheme: http
  # 请求类型
  method: POST
  # 请求地址
  address: /api/register/findParam
  # 参数媒体类型
  mime_type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
  # 请求头,默认读取公共关联值,可修改
  headers: ${headers}
  # 超时时长(s)
  timeout: 10
  # 是否需要上传文件
  file: false
  # 是否需要获取cookie
  cookies: false
  # 是否存在前置接口,如果存在,则填写前置接口用例相对路径,如:/register/test_getAdultCurbactList.yaml
  premise: false
  
# 测试用例,默认仅生成一个,可手动添加多个
test_case:
  # 用例概要,默认截取请求地址倒数第1个字段名
- summary: findParam
  # 用例描述,在报告中作为二级目录显示
  describe: test_findParam
  # 接口请求参数,当总字符数超过200,将转为json文件单独存储
  parameter:
    params:
      unitCode: '3202112002'
      first: 0
      pym: ''
      pageSize: 10
      page: 0
    headtoken: ${headtoken}
  # 接口检查结果
  check_body:
    # 检查类型,目前支持5种,可自行修改,默认check_json,即仅检查实际与期望结果格式是否一致
    check_type: check_json
    # 期望接口返回码
    expected_code: 200
    # 期望接口返回消息体,当总字符数超过200,将转为json文件单独存储
    expected_result:
      success: true
      code:
      msg: 返回成功
      data:
      - '1'
      - '1'
      callTime:

测试报告示例(allure)

 


 核心代码(3.12新增)

script.1、接口数据包解析:依据接口数据,截取对应字段,生成测试用例yaml以及参数文件json。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/10/15
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : writeCaseYaml.py
# ****************************
import os
import json
import logging
import urllib.parse
from comm.utils.readYaml import write_yaml_file, read_yaml_data
from comm.utils.readJson import write_json_file
from config import API_CONFIG, PROJECT_NAME


def write_case_yaml(har_path):
    """循环读取接口数据文件

    :param har_path: Charles导出文件路径
    :return:
    """
    case_file_list = list()
    logging.info("读取抓包文件主目录: {}".format(har_path))
    har_list = os.listdir(har_path)
    for each in har_list:
        ext_name = os.path.splitext(each)[1]
        if ext_name == '.chlsj':

            logging.info("读取抓包文件: {}".format(each))
            file_path = har_path+'/'+each
            with open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                har_cts = json.loads(f.read())
                har_ct = har_cts[0]

                # 获取接口基本信息
                host = har_ct["host"]
                port = har_ct["port"]
                method = har_ct["method"]
                path = har_ct["path"]
                headers = har_ct["request"]["header"]['headers']
                title = path.split("/")[-1].replace('-', '')
                module = path.split("/")[-2].replace('-', '')

                # 创建模块目录
                module_path = har_path.split('data')[0] + '/page/' + module
                try:
                    os.makedirs(module_path)
                except:
                    pass

                # 定义api通过配置
                api_config = dict()
                simp_header = dict()
                for header in headers:
                    # 去除基础请求头
                    base_header = ['Host',
                                   'Content-Length',
                                   'User-Agent',
                                   'Origin',
                                   'Referer',
                                   'Connection',
                                   'Accept',
                                   'Accept-Encoding',
                                   'Accept-Language']
                    if header['name'] not in base_header:
                        simp_header[header['name']] = header['value']
                api_config['host'] = host+':'+str(port)
                # 判断是否存在自定义消息头
                if simp_header:
                    api_config['headers'] = simp_header
                else:
                    api_config['headers'] = None
                api_config['cookies'] = None
                # 检查是否已存在项目配置信息,没有则写入
                rconfig = read_yaml_data(API_CONFIG)
                if rconfig:
                    if PROJECT_NAME not in rconfig:
                        rconfig[PROJECT_NAME] = api_config
                        write_yaml_file(API_CONFIG, rconfig)
                else:
                    nconfig = dict()
                    nconfig[PROJECT_NAME] = api_config
                    write_yaml_file(API_CONFIG, nconfig)

                # 定义测试信息
                test_info = dict()
                test_info["title"] = module
                test_info["host"] = '${host}'
                test_info["scheme"] = har_ct["scheme"]
                test_info["method"] = method
                test_info["address"] = path
                test_info["mime_type"] = har_ct["request"]["mimeType"]
                test_info["headers"] = '${headers}'
                test_info["timeout"] = 10
                test_info["file"] = False
                test_info["cookies"] = False
                test_info["premise"] = False

                # 解析请求报文
                parameter = dict()
                try:
                    if method in 'POST':
                        parameter_list = urllib.parse.unquote(har_ct["request"]["body"]["text"])
                    elif method in 'PUT':
                        parameter_list = har_ct["request"]["body"]["text"]
                    elif method in 'DELETE':
                        parameter_list = urllib.parse.unquote(har_ct["request"]["body"]["text"])
                    else:
                        parameter_list = har_ct["query"]

                    if "&" in parameter_list:
                        for key in parameter_list.split("&"):
                            val = key.split("=")
                            parameter[val[0]] = val[1]
                    else:
                        parameter = json.loads(parameter_list)
                except Exception as e:
                    logging.error("未找到parameter: %s" % e)
                    raise e

                # 定义用例信息
                test_case_list = list()
                test_case = dict()
                test_case["summary"] = title
                test_case["describe"] = 'test_'+title

                # 定义请求入参信息,且当参数字符总长度大于200时单独写入json文件
                if len(str(parameter)) > 200:
                    param_name = title+'_request.json'
                    if param_name not in os.listdir(module_path):
                        # 定义请求json
                        param_dict = dict()
                        param_dict["summary"] = title
                        param_dict["body"] = parameter
                        param_file = module_path+'/'+param_name
                        logging.info("生成请求文件: {}".format(param_file))
                        write_json_file(param_file, [param_dict])
                    test_case["parameter"] = param_name
                else:
                    test_case["parameter"] = parameter

                # 定义请求返回信息
                response_code = har_ct["response"]["status"]
                response_body = har_ct["response"]["body"]["text"]
                check = dict()
                check["check_type"] = 'check_json'
                check["expected_code"] = response_code
                expected_request = json.loads(response_body)

                # 当返回参数字符总长度大于200时单独写入json文件
                if len(str(expected_request)) > 200:
                    result_name = title+'_response.json'
                    if result_name not in os.listdir(module_path):
                        # 定义响应json
                        result_dict = dict()
                        result_dict["summary"] = title
                        result_dict["body"] = expected_request
                        result_file = module_path + '/' + result_name
                        logging.info("生成响应文件: {}".format(result_file))
                        write_json_file(result_file, [result_dict])
                    check["expected_result"] = result_name
                else:
                    check["expected_result"] = expected_request
                test_case["check"] = check
                test_case_list.append(test_case)

                # 合并测试信息、用例信息
                case_list = dict()
                case_list["test_info"] = test_info
                case_list["test_case"] = test_case_list

                # 写入测试用例(存在则忽略)
                case_name = 'test_'+title+'.yaml'
                case_file = module_path+'/'+case_name
                if not os.path.exists(case_file):
                    logging.info("生成用例文件: {}".format(case_file))
                    write_yaml_file(case_file, case_list)

                case_file_list.append(case_file)
    return case_file_list


if __name__ == '__main__':
    real_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)).replace('\\', '/')
    print('测试用例列表: ', write_case_yaml(real_path+'/data'))
writeCaseYaml.py

script.2、测试脚本生成:依据测试用例,复制模板并修改相关字段。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/10/15
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : writeCase.py
# ************************
import os
from config import ROOT_DIR
from comm.script.writeCaseYml import write_case_yaml, read_yaml_data
temp_file = ROOT_DIR+'config/test_template.py'


def write_case(case_path, auto_yaml=True):
    """

    :param case_path: 用例路径,当auto_yaml为True时,需要传入data目录,否则传入扫描目录
    :param auto_yaml: 是否自动生成yaml文件
    :return:
    """
    # 判断是否自动生成yaml用例
    if auto_yaml:
        yaml_list = write_case_yaml(case_path)
    else:
        yaml_list = list()
        file_list = os.listdir(case_path)
        for file in file_list:
            if '.yaml' in file:
                yaml_path = case_path+'/'+file
                yaml_list.append(yaml_path)

    # 遍历测试用例列表
    for yaml_file in yaml_list:
        test_data = read_yaml_data(yaml_file)
        test_script = yaml_file.replace('page', 'testcase').replace('.yaml', '.py')
        # case_name = os.path.basename(test_script).replace('.py', '')
        case_path = os.path.dirname(test_script)
        # 判断文件路径是否存在
        if not os.path.exists(case_path):
            os.makedirs(case_path)

        # 替换模板内容
        file_data = ''
        with open(temp_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            for line in f:
                if 'TestTemplate' in line:
                    title = test_data['test_info']['title']
                    line = line.replace('Template', title.title())
                if 'test_template' in line:
                    if '@allure.story' in line:
                        describe = test_data['test_case'][0]['describe']
                        line = line.replace('test_template', describe)
                    else:
                        summary = test_data['test_case'][0]['summary']
                        line = line.replace('template', summary)
                file_data += line

        # 写入新脚本
        with open(test_script, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            f.write(file_data)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    real_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)).replace('\\', '/')
    write_case(real_path + '/data', auto_yaml=True)
    # write_case(real_path+'/page/oauth', auto_yaml=False)
writeCase.py

script.3、运行日志收集:初始化日志模块,保存运行日志。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/9/22
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : writeLogs.py
# ************************
import logging
import time
import sys
import os


class MyLogs:

    def __init__(self, log_path):
        # 定义日志默认路径和日志名称
        if not os.path.exists(log_path):
            os.makedirs(log_path)
        runtime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
        logfile = os.path.join(log_path, runtime+'.log')
        logfile_err = os.path.join(log_path, runtime+'_error.log')

        # 第一步,初始化日志对象并设置日志等级
        logger = logging.getLogger()
        logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
        logger.handlers = []

        # 第二步,创建一个handler,用于写入debug日志文件
        fh = logging.FileHandler(logfile, mode='a+')
        fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

        # 第三步,创建一个handler,用于写入error日志文件
        fh_err = logging.FileHandler(logfile_err, mode='a+')
        fh_err.setLevel(logging.ERROR)

        # 第四步,再创建一个handler,用于输出info日志到控制台
        sh = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
        sh.setLevel(logging.INFO)

        # 第五步,定义handler的输出格式
        formatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(filename)s - %(levelname)s: %(message)s")
        fh.setFormatter(formatter)
        fh_err.setFormatter(formatter)
        sh.setFormatter(formatter)

        # 第六步,将logger添加到handler里面
        logger.addHandler(fh)
        logger.addHandler(fh_err)
        logger.addHandler(sh)
writeLogs.py

unit.1、请求协议方法封装:包括post、get、put、delete,以及cookie保存。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/2
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : apiMethod.py
# *************************
import os
import json
import random
import logging
import requests
import simplejson
from requests_toolbelt import MultipartEncoder
from comm.utils.readYaml import write_yaml_file, read_yaml_data
from config import API_CONFIG, PROJECT_NAME


def post(headers, address, mime_type, timeout=10, data=None, files=None, cookies=None):
    """
    post请求
    :param headers: 请求头
    :param address: 请求地址
    :param mime_type: 请求参数格式(form_data,raw)
    :param timeout: 超时时间
    :param data: 请求参数
    :param files: 文件路径
    :param cookies:
    :return:
    """
    # 判断请求参数类型
    if 'form_data' in mime_type:
        for i in files:
            value = files[i]
            if '/' in value:
                file_parm = i
                files[file_parm] = (os.path.basename(value), open(value, 'rb'))
        enc = MultipartEncoder(
            fields=files,
            boundary='--------------' + str(random.randint(1e28, 1e29-1))
        )
        headers['Content-Type'] = enc.content_type
        response = requests.post(url=address,
                                 data=enc,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 timeout=timeout,
                                 cookies=cookies)
    elif 'data' in mime_type:
        response = requests.post(url=address,
                                 data=data,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 timeout=timeout,
                                 files=files,
                                 cookies=cookies)
    else:
        response = requests.post(url=address,
                                 json=data,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 timeout=timeout,
                                 files=files,
                                 cookies=cookies)
    try:
        if response.status_code != 200:
            return response.status_code, response.text
        else:
            return response.status_code, response.json()
    except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception('ERROR')
        logging.error(e)
        raise


def get(headers, address, data, timeout=8, cookies=None):
    """
    get请求
    :param headers: 请求头
    :param address: 请求地址
    :param data: 请求参数
    :param timeout: 超时时间
    :param cookies:
    :return:
    """
    response = requests.get(url=address,
                            params=data,
                            headers=headers,
                            timeout=timeout,
                            cookies=cookies)
    if response.status_code == 301:
        response = requests.get(url=response.headers["location"])
    try:
        return response.status_code, response.json()
    except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception('ERROR')
        logging.error(e)
        raise


def put(headers, address, mime_type, timeout=8, data=None, files=None, cookies=None):
    """
    put请求
    :param headers: 请求头
    :param address: 请求地址
    :param mime_type: 请求参数格式(form_data,raw)
    :param timeout: 超时时间
    :param data: 请求参数
    :param files: 文件路径
    :param cookies:
    :return:
    """
    if mime_type == 'raw':
        data = json.dumps(data)
    elif mime_type == 'application/json':
        data = json.dumps(data)
    response = requests.put(url=address,
                            data=data,
                            headers=headers,
                            timeout=timeout,
                            files=files,
                            cookies=cookies)
    try:
        return response.status_code, response.json()
    except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception('ERROR')
        logging.error(e)
        raise


def delete(headers, address, data, timeout=8, cookies=None):
    """
    delete请求
    :param headers: 请求头
    :param address: 请求地址
    :param data: 请求参数
    :param timeout: 超时时间
    :param cookies:
    :return:
    """
    response = requests.delete(url=address,
                               params=data,
                               headers=headers,
                               timeout=timeout,
                               cookies=cookies)
    try:
        return response.status_code, response.json()
    except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception('ERROR')
        logging.error(e)
        raise


def save_cookie(headers, address, mime_type, timeout=8, data=None, files=None, cookies=None):
    """
    保存cookie信息
    :param headers: 请求头
    :param address: 请求地址
    :param mime_type: 请求参数格式(form_data,raw)
    :param timeout: 超时时间
    :param data: 请求参数
    :param files: 文件路径
    :param cookies:
    :return:
    """
    if 'data' in mime_type:
        response = requests.post(url=address,
                                 data=data,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 timeout=timeout,
                                 files=files,
                                 cookies=cookies)
    else:
        response = requests.post(url=address,
                                 json=data,
                                 headers=headers,
                                 timeout=timeout,
                                 files=files,
                                 cookies=cookies)
    try:
        cookies = response.cookies.get_dict()
        # 读取api配置并写入最新的cookie结果
        aconfig = read_yaml_data(API_CONFIG)
        aconfig[PROJECT_NAME]['cookies'] = cookies
        write_yaml_file(API_CONFIG, aconfig)
        logging.debug("cookies已保存,结果为:{}".format(cookies))
    except json.decoder.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except simplejson.errors.JSONDecodeError:
        return response.status_code, None
    except Exception as e:
        logging.exception('ERROR')
        logging.error(e)
        raise
apiMethod.py

unit.2、接口发送方法封装:读取测试用例,拼接请求信息,发送请求,返回结果。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/2
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : apiSend.py
# ***********************
import logging
import allure
import time
from config import INTERVAL
from comm.unit import apiMethod


def send_request(test_info, case_data):
    """
    封装请求
    :param test_info: 测试信息
    :param case_data: 用例数据
    :return:
    """
    try:
        # 获取用例基本信息
        host = test_info["host"]
        scheme = test_info["scheme"]
        method = test_info["method"].upper()
        address = test_info["address"]
        mime_type = test_info["mime_type"]
        headers = test_info["headers"]
        cookies = test_info["cookies"]
        file = test_info["file"]
        timeout = test_info["timeout"]
        summary = case_data["summary"]
        parameter = case_data["parameter"]
    except Exception as e:
        raise KeyError('获取用例基本信息失败:{}'.format(e))

    request_url = scheme + "://" + host + address
    logging.info("=" * 150)
    logging.info("请求接口:%s" % str(summary))
    logging.info("请求地址:%s" % request_url)
    logging.info("请求头: %s" % str(headers))
    logging.info("请求参数: %s" % str(parameter))

    # 判断是否保存cookies
    if summary == 'save_cookies':
        with allure.step("保存cookies信息"):
            allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
            allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
            allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
            allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
            apiMethod.save_cookie(headers=headers,
                                  address=request_url,
                                  mime_type=mime_type,
                                  data=parameter,
                                  cookies=cookies,
                                  timeout=timeout)
    # 判断接口请求类型
    if method == 'POST':
        logging.info("请求方法: POST")
        # 判断是否上传文件
        if file:
            with allure.step("POST上传文件"):
                allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
                allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
                allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
                allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
            result = apiMethod.post(headers=headers,
                                    address=request_url,
                                    mime_type=mime_type,
                                    files=parameter,
                                    cookies=cookies,
                                    timeout=timeout)
        else:
            with allure.step("POST请求接口"):
                allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
                allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
                allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
                allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
            result = apiMethod.post(headers=headers,
                                    address=request_url,
                                    mime_type=mime_type,
                                    data=parameter,
                                    cookies=cookies,
                                    timeout=timeout)
    elif method == 'GET':
        logging.info("请求方法: GET")
        with allure.step("GET请求接口"):
            allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
            allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
            allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
            allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
        result = apiMethod.get(headers=headers,
                               address=request_url,
                               data=parameter,
                               cookies=cookies,
                               timeout=timeout)
    elif method == 'PUT':
        logging.info("请求方法: PUT")
        # 判断是否上传文件
        if file:
            with allure.step("PUT上传文件"):
                allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
                allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
                allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
                allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
            result = apiMethod.put(headers=headers,
                                   address=request_url,
                                   mime_type=mime_type,
                                   files=parameter,
                                   cookies=cookies,
                                   timeout=timeout)
        else:
            with allure.step("PUT请求接口"):
                allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
                allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
                allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
                allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
            result = apiMethod.put(headers=headers,
                                   address=request_url,
                                   mime_type=mime_type,
                                   data=parameter,
                                   cookies=cookies,
                                   timeout=timeout)
    elif method == 'DELETE':
        logging.info("请求方法: DELETE")
        with allure.step("DELETE请求接口"):
            allure.attach(name="请求接口", body=str(summary))
            allure.attach(name="请求地址", body=request_url)
            allure.attach(name="请求头", body=str(headers))
            allure.attach(name="请求参数", body=str(parameter))
        result = apiMethod.delete(headers=headers,
                                  address=request_url,
                                  data=parameter,
                                  cookies=cookies,
                                  timeout=timeout)
    else:
        result = {"code": None, "data": None}
    logging.info("请求接口结果:\n %s" % str(result))
    time.sleep(INTERVAL)
    return result
apiSend.py

unit.3、接口初始化处理:读取公共关联配置,获取当前关联值,执行前置接口,替换关联值,返回用例信息。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/3
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : initializePremise.py
# **************************
import logging
import time
import json
from json import JSONDecodeError
from config import PAGE_DIR, PROJECT_NAME, API_CONFIG
from comm.unit import apiSend, readRelevance, replaceRelevance
from comm.utils import readYaml


def read_json(summary, json_obj, case_path):
    """
    校验内容读取
    :param summary: 用例名称
    :param json_obj: json文件或数据对象
    :param case_path: case路径
    :return:
    """
    if isinstance(json_obj, dict):
        return json_obj
    else:
        try:
            # 读取json文件指定用例数据
            with open(case_path+'/'+json_obj, "r", encoding="utf-8") as js:
                data_list = json.load(js)
                for data in data_list:
                    if data['summary'] == summary:
                        return data['body']
        except FileNotFoundError:
            raise Exception("用例关联文件不存在\n文件路径: %s" % json_obj)
        except JSONDecodeError:
            raise Exception("用例关联的文件有误\n文件路径: %s" % json_obj)


def init_premise(test_info, case_data, case_path):
    """用例前提条件执行,提取关键值

    :param test_info: 测试信息
    :param case_data: 用例数据
    :param case_path: 用例路径
    :return:
    """
    # 获取项目公共关联值
    aconfig = readYaml.read_yaml_data(API_CONFIG)
    __relevance = aconfig[PROJECT_NAME]
    # 处理测试信息
    test_info = replaceRelevance.replace(test_info, __relevance)
    logging.debug("测试信息处理结果:{}".format(test_info))
    # 处理Cookies
    if test_info['cookies']:
        cookies = aconfig[PROJECT_NAME]['cookies']
        logging.debug("请求Cookies处理结果:{}".format(cookies))

    # 判断是否存在前置接口
    pre_case_path = test_info["premise"]
    if pre_case_path:
        # 获取前置接口用例
        logging.info("获取前置接口测试用例:{}".format(pre_case_path))
        pre_case_path = PAGE_DIR + pre_case_path
        pre_case_dict = readYaml.read_yaml_data(pre_case_path)
        pre_test_info = pre_case_dict['test_info']
        pre_case_data = pre_case_dict['test_case'][0]
        # 判断前置接口是否也存在前置接口
        if pre_test_info["premise"]:
            init_premise(pre_test_info, pre_case_data, pre_case_path)

        for i in range(3):
            # 处理前置接口测试信息
            pre_test_info = replaceRelevance.replace(pre_test_info, __relevance)
            logging.debug("测试信息处理结果:{}".format(pre_test_info))
            # 处理前置接口Cookies
            if pre_test_info['cookies']:
                cookies = aconfig[PROJECT_NAME]['cookies']
                logging.debug("请求Cookies处理结果:{}".format(cookies))
            # 处理前置接口入参:获取入参-替换关联值-发送请求
            pre_parameter = read_json(pre_case_data['summary'], pre_case_data['parameter'], pre_case_path)
            pre_parameter = replaceRelevance.replace(pre_parameter, __relevance)
            pre_case_data['parameter'] = pre_parameter
            logging.debug("请求参数处理结果:{}".format(pre_parameter))
            logging.info("执行前置接口测试用例:{}".format(pre_test_info))
            code, data = apiSend.send_request(pre_test_info, pre_case_data)

            # 检查接口是否调用成功
            if data:
                # 处理当前接口入参:获取入参-获取关联值-替换关联值
                parameter = read_json(case_data['summary'], case_data['parameter'], case_path)
                __relevance = readRelevance.get_relevance(data, parameter, __relevance)
                parameter = replaceRelevance.replace(parameter, __relevance)
                case_data['parameter'] = parameter
                logging.debug("请求参数处理结果:{}".format(parameter))

                # 获取当前接口期望结果:获取期望结果-获取关联值-替换关联值
                expected_rs = read_json(case_data['summary'], case_data['check']['expected_result'], case_path)
                parameter['data'] = data
                __relevance = readRelevance.get_relevance(parameter, expected_rs, __relevance)
                expected_rs = replaceRelevance.replace(expected_rs, __relevance)
                case_data['check']['expected_result'] = expected_rs
                logging.debug("期望返回处理结果:{}".format(case_data))
                break
            else:
                time.sleep(1)
                logging.error("前置接口请求失败!等待1秒后重试!")
        else:
            logging.info("前置接口请求失败!尝试三次失败!")
            raise Exception("获取前置接口关联数据失败!")
    else:
        # 处理当前接口入参:获取入参-获取关联值-替换关联值
        parameter = read_json(case_data['summary'], case_data['parameter'], case_path)
        parameter = replaceRelevance.replace(parameter, __relevance)
        case_data['parameter'] = parameter
        logging.debug("请求参数处理结果:{}".format(parameter))

        # 获取当前接口期望结果:获取期望结果-获取关联值-替换关联值
        expected_rs = read_json(case_data['summary'], case_data['check']['expected_result'], case_path)
        __relevance = readRelevance.get_relevance(parameter, expected_rs, __relevance)
        expected_rs = replaceRelevance.replace(expected_rs, __relevance)
        case_data['check']['expected_result'] = expected_rs
        logging.debug("期望返回处理结果:{}".format(case_data))

    return test_info, case_data
initializePremise.py

unit.4、获取关联值配置:通过正则匹配${}检索关联值,然后获取消息体中的对应值。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/1/8
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : readRelevance.py
# ****************************
import logging
import re

__relevance = ""


def get_value(data, value):
    """获取数据中的值

    :param data:
    :param value:
    :return:
    """
    global __relevance
    if isinstance(data, dict):
        if value in data:
            __relevance = data[value]
        else:
            for key in data:
                __relevance = get_value(data[key], value)
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        for key in data:
            if isinstance(key, dict):
                __relevance = get_value(key, value)
                break
    return __relevance


def get_relevance(data, relevance_list, relevance=None):
    """获取关联键值对

    :param data:
    :param relevance_list:
    :param relevance:
    :return:
    """
    # 获取关联键列表
    relevance_list = re.findall(r"\${(.*?)}", str(relevance_list))
    relevance_list = list(set(relevance_list))
    logging.debug("获取关联键列表:\n%s" % relevance_list)
    # 判断关联键和源数据是否有值
    if (not data) or (not relevance_list):
        return relevance

    # 判断是否存在其他关联键对象
    if not relevance:
        relevance = dict()
    # 遍历关联键
    for each in relevance_list:
        if each in relevance:
            pass
            # # 考虑到一个关联键,多个值
            # if isinstance(relevance[each], list):
            #     a = relevance[each]
            #     a.append(relevance_value)
            #     relevance[each] = a
            # else:
            #     a = relevance[each]
            #     b = list()
            #     b.append(a)
            #     b.append(relevance_value)
            #     relevance[each] = b
        else:
            # 从结果中提取关联键的值
            relevance[each] = get_value(data, each)
    logging.debug("提取关联键对象:\n%s" % relevance)
    return relevance
readRelevance.py

unit.5、替换关联值:首先替换关联值,然后替换函数助手生成数据,最后替换表达式结果。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/12/09
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : replaceRelevance.py
# ****************************
import re
from comm.utils.randomly import *

pattern_var = r"\${(.*?)}"
pattern_eval = r"\$Eval\((.*?)\)"
pattern_str = r'\$RandStr\(([0-9]*?)\)'
pattern_int = r'\$RandInt\(([0-9]*,[0-9]*?)\)'
pattern_choice = r"\$RandChoice\((.*?)\)"
pattern_float = r'\$RandFloat\(([0-9]*,[0-9]*,[0-9]*)\)'
pattern_phone = r'\$GenPhone\(\)'
pattern_guid = r'\$GenGuid\(\)'
pattern_wxid = r'\$GenWxid\(\)'
pattern_noid = r'\$GenNoid\((.*?)\)'
pattern_date = r'\$GenDate\((.*?)\)'
pattern_datetime = r'\$GenDatetime\((.*?)\)'


def replace_pattern(pattern, value):
    """替换正则表达式

    :param pattern: 匹配字符
    :param value: 匹配值
    :return:
    """
    patterns = pattern.split('(.*?)')
    return ''.join([patterns[0], value, patterns[-1]])


def replace_relevance(param, relevance=None):
    """替换变量关联值

    :param param: 参数对象
    :param relevance: 关联对象
    :return:
    """
    result = re.findall(pattern_var, str(param))
    if (not result) or (not relevance):
        pass
    else:
        for each in result:
            try:
                # 关联参数多值替换
                # relevance_index = 0
                # if isinstance(relevance[each], list):
                #     try:
                #         param = re.sub(pattern, relevance[each][relevance_index], param, count=1)
                #         relevance_index += 1
                #     except IndexError:
                #         relevance_index = 0
                #         param = re.sub(pattern, relevance[each][relevance_index], param, count=1)
                #         relevance_index += 1
                value = relevance[each]
                pattern = re.compile(r'\${' + each + '}')
                try:
                    param = re.sub(pattern, value, param)
                except TypeError:
                    param = value
            except KeyError:
                raise KeyError('替换变量{0}失败,未发现变量对应关联值!\n关联列表:{1}'.format(param, relevance))
                # pass
    return param


def replace_eval(param):
    """替换eval表达式结果

    :param param: 参数对象
    :return:
    """
    result = re.findall(pattern_eval, str(param))
    if not result:
        pass
    else:
        for each in result:
            try:
                if 'import' in each:
                    raise Exception('存在非法标识import')
                else:
                    value = str(eval(each))
                    param = re.sub(pattern_eval, value, param)
            except KeyError as e:
                raise Exception('获取值[ % ]失败!\n%'.format(param, e))
            except SyntaxError:
                pass
    return param


def replace_random(param):
    """替换随机方法参数值

    :param param:
    :return:
    """
    int_list = re.findall(pattern_int, str(param))
    str_list = re.findall(pattern_str, str(param))
    choice_list = re.findall(pattern_choice, str(param))
    guid_list = re.findall(pattern_guid, str(param))
    noid_list = re.findall(pattern_noid, str(param))
    phone_list = re.findall(pattern_phone, str(param))
    wxid_list = re.findall(pattern_wxid, str(param))
    date_list = re.findall(pattern_date, str(param))
    datetime_list = re.findall(pattern_datetime, str(param))

    if len(str_list):
        for each in str_list:
            # pattern = re.compile(r'\$RandStr\(' + each + r'\)')
            # param = re.sub(pattern, str(random_str(each)), param, count=1)
            param = re.sub(pattern_str, str(random_str(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(int_list):
        for each in int_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_int, str(random_int(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(choice_list):
        for each in choice_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_choice, str(random_choice(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(date_list):
        for each in date_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_date, str(generate_date(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(datetime_list):
        for each in datetime_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_datetime, str(generate_datetime(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(noid_list):
        for each in noid_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_noid, str(generate_noid(each)), param, count=1)

    if len(phone_list):
        for i in phone_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_phone, str(generate_phone()), param, count=1)

    if len(guid_list):
        for i in guid_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_guid, generate_guid(), param, count=1)

    if len(wxid_list):
        for i in wxid_list:
            param = re.sub(pattern_wxid, generate_wxid(), param, count=1)

    return param


def replace(param, relevance=None):
    """替换参数对应关联数据

    :param param: 参数对象
    :param relevance: 关联对象
    :return:
    """
    if not param:
        pass
    elif isinstance(param, dict):
        for key, value in param.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                param[key] = replace(value, relevance)
            elif isinstance(value, list):
                for index, sub_value in enumerate(value):
                    param[key][index] = replace(sub_value, relevance)
            else:
                value = replace_relevance(value, relevance)
                value = replace_random(value)
                value = replace_eval(value)
                param[key] = value

    elif isinstance(param, list):
        for index, value in enumerate(param):
            param[index] = replace(value, relevance)

    else:
        param = replace_relevance(param, relevance)
        param = replace_random(param)
        param = replace_eval(param)

    return param


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print('替换变量并计算表达式:', replace('$Eval(${unitCode}*1000+1)', {'unitCode': 9876543210}))
    print('生成1-9之间的随机数:', replace('$RandInt(1,9)'))
    print('生成10位随机字符:', replace('$RandStr(10)'))
    print('从列表中随机选择:', replace('$RandChoice(a,b,c,d)'))
    print('生成一个伪手机号:', replace('$GenPhone()'))
    print('生成一个guid:', replace('$GenGuid()'))
    print('生成一个伪微信ID:', replace('$GenWxid()'))
    print('生成一个伪身份证:', replace('$GenNoid()'))
    print('生成一个18岁伪身份证:', replace("$GenNoid(y-18)"))
    print('生成下个月今天的日期:', replace("$GenDate(m+1)"))
    print('生成昨天此时的时间:', replace("$GenDatetime(d-1)"))
replaceRelevance.py

unit.6、接口结果校验:包括不检查、仅检查接口状态码、对比实际与期望结果格式、完全对比校验、正则方式校验。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2021/2/2
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : checkResult.py
# ***************************
import re
import allure
import operator


def check_json(src_data, dst_data):
    """
    校验的json
    :param src_data: 检验内容
    :param dst_data: 接口返回的数据
    :return:
    """
    if isinstance(src_data, dict):
        for key in src_data:
            if key not in dst_data:
                raise Exception("JSON格式校验,关键字 %s 不在返回结果 %s 中!" % (key, dst_data))
            else:
                this_key = key
                if isinstance(src_data[this_key], dict) and isinstance(dst_data[this_key], dict):
                    check_json(src_data[this_key], dst_data[this_key])
                elif not isinstance(src_data[this_key], type(dst_data[this_key])):
                    raise Exception("JSON格式校验,关键字 %s 返回结果 %s 与期望结果 %s 类型不符"
                                    % (this_key, src_data[this_key], dst_data[this_key]))
                else:
                    pass
    else:
        raise Exception("JSON校验内容非dict格式:{}".format(src_data))


def check_result(case_data, code, data):
    """
    校验测试结果
    :param case_data: 用例数据
    :param code: HTTP状态
    :param data: 返回的接口json数据
    :return:
    """
    try:
        # 获取用例检查信息
        check_type = case_data['check']['check_type']
        expected_code = case_data['check']['expected_code']
        expected_result = case_data['check']['expected_result']
    except Exception as e:
        raise KeyError('获取用例检查信息失败:{}'.format(e))
    
    if check_type == 'no_check':
        with allure.step("不校验结果"):
            pass

    elif check_type == 'check_code':
        with allure.step("HTTP状态码校验"):
            allure.attach(name="实际code", body=str(code))
            allure.attach(name="期望code", body=str(expected_code))
            allure.attach(name='实际data', body=str(data))
        if int(code) != expected_code:
            raise Exception("http状态码错误!\n %s != %s" % (code, expected_code))

    elif check_type == 'check_json':
        with allure.step("JSON格式校验结果"):
            allure.attach(name="实际code", body=str(code))
            allure.attach(name="期望code", body=str(expected_code))
            allure.attach(name='实际data', body=str(data))
            allure.attach(name='期望data', body=str(expected_result))
        if int(code) == expected_code:
            if not data:
                data = "{}"
            check_json(expected_result, data)
        else:
            raise Exception("http状态码错误!\n %s != %s" % (code, expected_code))

    elif check_type == 'entirely_check':
        with allure.step("完全校验结果"):
            allure.attach(name="实际code", body=str(code))
            allure.attach(name="期望code", body=str(expected_code))
            allure.attach(name='实际data', body=str(data))
            allure.attach(name='期望data', body=str(expected_result))
        if int(code) == expected_code:
            result = operator.eq(expected_result, data)
            if not result:
                raise Exception("完全校验失败! %s ! = %s" % (expected_result, data))
        else:
            raise Exception("http状态码错误!\n %s != %s" % (code, expected_code))

    elif check_type == 'regular_check':
        if int(code) == expected_code:
            try:
                result = ""
                if isinstance(expected_result, list):
                    for i in expected_result:
                        result = re.findall(i.replace("\"", "\""), str(data))
                        allure.attach('校验完成结果\n', str(result))
                else:
                    result = re.findall(expected_result.replace("\"", "\'"), str(data))
                    with allure.step("正则匹配校验结果"):
                        allure.attach(name="实际code", body=str(code))
                        allure.attach(name="期望code", body=str(expected_code))
                        allure.attach(name='实际data', body=str(data))
                        allure.attach(name='期望data', body=str(expected_result).replace("\'", "\""))
                        allure.attach(name=expected_result.replace("\"", "\'") + '校验完成结果',
                                      body=str(result).replace("\'", "\""))
                if not result:
                    raise Exception("正则未校验到内容! %s" % expected_result)
            except KeyError:
                raise Exception("正则校验执行失败! %s\n正则表达式为空时" % expected_result)
        else:
            raise Exception("http状态码错误!\n %s != %s" % (code, expected_code))

    else:
        raise Exception("无该校验方式%s" % check_type)
checkResult.py

utils.1、函数助手:调用不同方法来生成相关测试数据,比如生成指定长度随机字符、生成指定日期时间、生成唯一标识guid等。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# @Time    : 2020/12/10
# @Author  : Leo Zhang
# @File    : randomly.py
# *************************
import string
import random
import datetime
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta


def random_str(str_len):
    """从a-zA-Z0-9生成制定数量的随机字符

    :param str_len: 字符串长度
    :return:
    """
    try:
        str_len = int(str_len)
    except ValueError:
        raise Exception("调用随机字符失败,[ %s ]长度参数有误!" % str_len)
    strings = ''.join(random.sample(string.hexdigits, +str_len))
    return strings


def random_int(scope):
    """获取随机整型数据

    :param scope: 数据范围
    :return:
    """
    try:
        start_num, end_num = scope.split(",")
        start_num = int(start_num)
        end_num = int(end_num)
    except ValueError:
        raise Exception("调用随机整数失败,[ %s ]范围参数有误!" % str(scope))
    if start_num <= end_num:
        number = random.randint(start_num, end_num)
    else:
        number = random.randint(end_num, start_num)
    return number


def random_float(data):
    """获取随机浮点数据

    :param data: 数组
    :return:
    """
    try:
        start_num, end_num, accuracy = data.split(",")
        start_num = int(start_num)
        end_num = int(end_num)
        accuracy = int(accuracy)
    except ValueError:
        raise Exception("调用随机浮点数失败,[ %s ]范围参数或精度有误!" % data)

    if start_num <= end_num:
        number = random.uniform(start_num, end_num)
    else:
        number = random.uniform(end_num, start_num)
    number = round(number, accuracy)
    return number


def random_choice(data):
    """获取数组随机值

    :param data: 数组
    :return:
    """
    _list = data.split(",")
    each = random.choice(_list)
    return each


def get_date_mark(now, mark, num):
    if 'y' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(years=num)
    elif 'm' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(months=num)
    elif 'd' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(days=num)
    elif 'h' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(hours=num)
    elif 'M' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(minutes=num)
    elif 's' == mark:
        return now + relativedelta(seconds=num)
    else:
        raise Exception("日期字段标识[ %s ]错误, 请使用[年y,月m,日d,时h,分M,秒s]标识!" % mark)


def generate_date(expr=''):
    """生成日期对象(不含时分秒)

    :param expr: 日期表达式,如"d-1"代表日期减1
    :return:
    """
    today = datetime.date.today()
    if expr:
        try:
            mark = expr[:1]
            num = int(expr[1:])
        except (TypeError, NameError):
            raise Exception("调用生成日期失败,日期表达式[ %s ]有误!" % expr)
        return get_date_mark(today, mark, num)
    else:
        return today


def generate_datetime(expr=''):
    """生成日期时间对象(含时分秒毫秒)

    :param expr: 日期表达式,如"d-1"代表日期减1
    :return:
    """
    now = datetime.datetime.now()
    if expr:
        try:
            mark = expr[:1]
            num = int(expr[1:])
        except (TypeError, NameError):
            raise Exception("调用生成日期失败,日期表达式[ %s ]有误!" % expr)
        return get_date_mark(now, mark, num)
    else:
        return now


def generate_timestamp(expr=''):
    """生成时间戳(13位)

    :param expr: 日期表达式,如"d-1"代表日期减1
    :return:
    """
    datetime_obj = generate_datetime(expr)
    return int(datetime.datetime.timestamp(datetime_obj)) * 1000


def generate_guid():
    """基于MAC地址+时间戳+随机数来生成GUID

    :param:
    :return:
    """
    import uuid
    return str(uuid.uuid1()).upper()


def generate_wxid():
    """基于AUTO标识+26位英文字母大小写+数字生成伪微信ID

    :param:
    :return:
    """
    return 'AUTO' + ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 24))


def generate_noid(expr=''):
    """基于6位随机数字+出生日期+4位随机数生成伪身份证

    :param expr: 日期表达式,如"d-1"代表日期减1
    :return:
    """
    birthday = generate_date(expr)
    birthday = str(birthday).replace('-', '')
    return int(str(random.randint(100000, 999999)) + birthday + str(random.randint(1000, 9999)))


def generate_phone():
    """基于三大运营商号段+随机数生成伪手机号

    :param:
    :return:
    """
    ctcc = [133,153,173,177,180,181,189,191,193,199]
    cucc = [130,131,132,155,156,166,175,176,185,186,166]
    cmcc = [134,135,136,137,138,139,147,150,151,152,157,158,159,172,178,182,183,184,187,188,198]
    begin = 10 ** 7
    end = 10 ** 8 - 1
    prefix = random.choice(ctcc+cucc+cmcc)
    return str(prefix) + str(random.randint(begin, end))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 简单随机数据
    print(random_str(16))
    print(random_int("100,200"))
    print(random_float("200,100,5"))
    print(random_choice("aaa,bbb,ccc"))

    # 生成日期数据
    print(generate_date())
    print(generate_datetime())
    print(generate_date('m+1'))
    print(generate_datetime('d+1'))
    print(generate_timestamp('s+100'))
    print(generate_noid('y-18'))

    # 生成常用数据
    print(generate_guid())
    print(generate_wxid())
    print(generate_noid())
    print(generate_phone())
randomly.py

 


实战演示

1、首先环境准备:Python  + Allure (这里不做详细说明,请参考我Pytest分类博文)

接着下载项目:https://github.com/Leozhanggg/ApiTesting (方便的话给个星,不要白嫖呀,哈哈。。。)

然后加载依赖:pip install -r requirements.txt   (或者使用Pycharm打开,会自动弹出提示安装)

 

2、使用Charles工具抓取接口数据包,并且导出选择JSON Session File (.chlsj) 格式 (工具自己百度下载吧)

 

3、新建一个项目MyTest目录和一个data目录,把抓取的接口数据包放置进来,然后修改runConfig.yml项目名为MyTest

 

4、直接开始运行,然后你就会发现项目目录多了很多文件,测试已经完成。。。没错,就是这么简单,你还可以查看allure报告。

 

 


谈谈我自己

以往我使用过多种基于Python的自动化测试框架,特别是robotframework,简单易上手,对于培养普通测试工程师比较迅速,但是优点同时也是缺点,由于RF自身局限性,会让简单的语法变得复杂化,

如果你不做分层处理,可能会出现一条简单的测试用例编需要写上百行,后期维护更是非常麻烦,

我记得有一次检查测试工程师的自动化测试用例时,发现竟然有两百多行,对于RF这种表格语法两百多行你知道阅读是多么的痛苦嘛。。。

当然这也是源于我们的项目性质,由于大数据业务,接口只是一小部分,而数据的校验才是大头,

并且涉及到多类数据库,比如redis、mysql、es、hbase、solr等,而且有的接口会同时保存到多个表然后同步到多个数据库,校验点数不过来。。。

就这样前前后后我带领着几个测试工程师改了几版,虽然最后大大的减少了测试代码,但是依然还是很多,

并且运行时长很难解决。所以从去年开始使用pytest测试框架,当然这也是我首次接触pytest,第一个项目也改了几版,但是由于纯pytest编写,

所有的东西都在一块,改起来也比较简单,最终的效果当然是质的提升,首先时代码方面可以轻松的做分层处理,不会受到RF之类的框架限制,

而在执行时长方面可以采用pytest自身的多线程模块,大大减少执行时长,同时大大提高了框架的扩展性。

 

而本框架源于https://github.com/wangxiaoxi3/API_service项目,加上自己实际项目实施经验重构而来,保留了核心功能,增加了自己对接口自动化测试的理解。

特别对于关联值处理方面,不在需要手动标记,而采用自动检索方式,另外关于前置接口处理,也不在需要手动编写,只需要指定前置接口相对路径即可,并且多个用例可以嵌套。

另外在请求地址和消息头上,不在需要手动配置,将在接口数据解析中自动筛选消息头和请求地址,然后写入接口公共配置中,除非有变动,否则无需做任何配置。

但是目前开发的第一版并没有加入数据库校验,仅为了单纯接口的自动化测试,后期将考虑加入数据库校验模块。以下为本人实际项目数据库校验示例:

 

※ 如果有任何疑问可以留言,当然如果觉得写得不错可以收藏、推荐一下,另外github帮忙给个星!!!

 

※ ApiTesting交流群(QQ):149999711

 

作者:Leozhanggg

出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/leozhanggg/p/14373878.html

源码:https://github.com/Leozhanggg/ApiTesting

本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。

posted on 2021-02-05 19:31  LeoZhanggg  阅读(9842)  评论(33编辑  收藏  举报