来自偶然的尘土
代码如风,常伴我身

 

JDBC简介

JDBC全称为:Java Data Base Connectivity (java数据库连接),可以为多种数据库提供填统一的访问。JDBC是sun开发的一套数据库访问编程接口,是一种SQL级的API。它是由java语言编写完成,所以具有很好的跨平台特性,使用JDBC编写的数据库应用程序可以在任何支持java的平台上运行,而不必在不同的平台上编写不同的应用程序。

 

JDBC编程步骤

(1)加载驱动程序:

  下载驱动包 : http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/

解压,得到 jar文件。将该文件复制到Java工程目录Java Resources/Libraries/ 下,→ buildpath 。

(2)获得数据库连接

(3)创建Statement对象:

(4)向数据库发送SQL命令

(5)处理数据库的返回结果(ResultSet类)

 1 package com.baidu.emp.jdbcTest;
 2 
 3 import java.sql.Connection;
 4 import java.sql.DriverManager;
 5 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 6 import java.sql.Statement;
 7 
 8 import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
 9 /**
10  * 开始使用jdbc连接数据库
11  * @author Admin
12  *
13  */
14 public class Test001 {
15 
16     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
17 
18         /**
19          * 加载驱动
20          */
21         // 方法一:
22         /*
23          * import java.sql.DriverManager; import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
24          */
25         // Driver driver = new Driver();
26         // DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
27 
28         // 方法二:(推荐使用)
29         Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
30 
31         /**
32          * 创建链接
33          */
34         String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc";
35         String user = "root";
36         String password = "root";
37         Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
38 
39         // 创建statement对象
40         Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
41 
42         /**
43          * 执行SQL,获取结果集
44          */
45         String sql = "select * from test01";
46         ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery(sql);
47 
48         // 遍历结果集
49         while (result.next()) {
50             String name = result.getString("name");
51             int id = result.getInt("id");
52             System.out.println(name + "\t" + id);
53         }
54 
55         /**
56          * 关闭链接,释放资源
57          */
58         result.close();
59         statement.close();
60         connection.close();
61     }
62 }

防止SQL注入改用prepareStatement

 1 package com.boya.emp.jdbcTest;
 2 
 3 import java.sql.Connection;
 4 import java.sql.DriverManager;
 5 import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
 6 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 7 /**
 8  * SQL注入,使用prepareStatement对象进行预编译
 9  * @author Admin
10  *
11  */
12 public class Test002 {
13 
14     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
15 
16         /**
17          * 加载驱动
18          */
19         Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
20 
21         /**
22          * 创建链接
23          */
24         String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc";
25         String user = "root";
26         String password = "root";
27         Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
28 
29         // 写SQL 
30         String sql = "select * from test01 where id = ?";
31         //创建statement对象,预编译
32         PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
33         //设置参数
34         statement.setInt(1, 2);
35         /**
36          * 执行SQL,获取结果集
37          */
38         ResultSet result = statement.executeQuery();
39 
40         // 遍历结果集
41         while (result.next()) {
42             String name = result.getString("name");
43             int id = result.getInt("id");
44             System.out.println(name + "\t" + id);
45         }
46 
47         /**
48          * 关闭链接,释放资源
49          */
50         result.close();
51         statement.close();
52         connection.close();
53     }
54 } 
View Code

 

进行代码优化,设置配置文件,工具类,实现增删该查

 增加配置文件方便修改数据库,用户登录。。。

jdbc.properties(配置文件名)

1 driverName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
2 url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testjdbc
3 userName=root
4 password=root

注意写配置文件时中间不可以有空格,引号之类的

工具类:增强了代码的复用性

  1 package com.baidu.emp.utils;
  2 
  3 import java.io.InputStream;
  4 import java.sql.Connection;
  5 import java.sql.DriverManager;
  6 import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
  7 import java.sql.ResultSet;
  8 import java.sql.SQLException;
  9 import java.util.Properties;
 10 
 11 import org.junit.Test;
 12 
 13 
 14 
 15 public class JdbcUtils {
 16 
 17     static String driverClassName;
 18     static String url;
 19     static String user;
 20     static String password;
 21 
 22     static {
 23         // 创建配置文件对象
 24         Properties properties = new Properties();
 25         // 加载配置文件输入流
 26         InputStream inputStream = JdbcUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
 27         // 重新加载配置文件
 28         try {
 29             properties.load(inputStream);
 30             // 获取配置文件的值
 31             driverClassName = properties.getProperty("driverName");
 32             url = properties.getProperty("url");
 33             user = properties.getProperty("userName");
 34             password = properties.getProperty("password");
 35             Class.forName(driverClassName);
 36 
 37         } catch (Exception e) {
 38             // 抛出异常
 39             throw new RuntimeException(e);
 40         }
 41     }
 42 
 43     /**
 44      * 获取连接
 45      */
 46     @Test
 47     public void testName() throws Exception {
 48         
 49         System.out.println(driverClassName);
 50     }
 51     public static Connection getConnection() {
 52         Connection connection = null;
 53         try {
 54             connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
 55         } catch (SQLException e) {
 56             // 抛出异常
 57             throw new RuntimeException(e);
 58         }
 59         return connection;
 60     }
 61 
 62     /**
 63      * 关闭链接,释放资源
 64      */
 65     public static void close(Connection connection, PreparedStatement statement, ResultSet resultSet) {
 66 
 67         try {
 68             if (resultSet != null) {
 69                 resultSet.close();
 70             }
 71             resultSet = null; // 垃圾及时清除
 72             //注意,不要弄成死循环
 73             close(connection, statement);
 74         } catch (SQLException e) {
 75             throw new RuntimeException(e);
 76         }
 77 
 78     }
 79 
 80     /**
 81      * 增删改释放资源
 82      */
 83     public static void close(Connection connection, PreparedStatement statement) {
 84 
 85         try {
 86             if (connection != null) {
 87                 connection.close();
 88             }
 89                 
 90             connection = null;
 91             if (statement != null) {
 92                 statement.close();
 93             }
 94             statement = null;
 95 
 96         } catch (SQLException e) {
 97             throw new RuntimeException(e);
 98         }
 99 
100     }
101 
102 }
View Code

测试增删改查:

  1 package com.baidu.emp.jdbcTest;
  2 
  3 import java.sql.Connection;
  4 import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
  5 import java.sql.ResultSet;
  6 
  7 import org.junit.After;
  8 import org.junit.Before;
  9 import org.junit.Test;
 10 
 11 import com.baidu.emp.utils.JdbcUtils;
 12 
 13 /**
 14  * 使用jdbcUtils连接数据库进行增删改查
 15  * 
 16  * @author Admin
 17  *
 18  */
 19 public class Test003 {
 20 
 21     // 初始化值
 22     Connection connection = null;
 23     PreparedStatement statement = null;
 24     ResultSet result = null;
 25 
 26     @Before
 27     public void start() throws Exception {
 28         // 创建链接
 29         connection = JdbcUtils.getConnection();
 30         System.out.println("创建链接");
 31     }
 32 
 33     @After
 34     public void end() throws Exception {
 35         // 关闭链接
 36         JdbcUtils.close(connection, statement, result);
 37         System.out.println("关闭链接");
 38     }
 39     
 40     /**
 41      *插入数据
 42      * @throws Exception
 43      */
 44     @Test
 45     public void add() throws Exception {
 46         String sql = "insert into test01 values(null,?)";
 47         statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 48         statement.setString(1, "李四");
 49         int result = statement.executeUpdate();
 50         if (result!=0) {
 51             System.out.println("添加成功");
 52         }
 53     }
 54     /**
 55      * 删除数据
 56      * @throws Exception
 57      */
 58     @Test
 59     public void del() throws Exception {
 60         String sql = "delete from test01 where id =?";
 61         statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 62         statement.setInt(1,3);
 63         int result = statement.executeUpdate();
 64         if (result!=0) {
 65             System.out.println("删除成功");
 66         }
 67     }
 68     /**
 69      * 修改数据
 70      * @throws Exception
 71      */
 72     @Test
 73     public void change() throws Exception {
 74         String sql = "update test01 set name = ? where id = ?";
 75         statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 76         statement.setString(1, "张飞");
 77         statement.setInt(2, 2);
 78         int result = statement.executeUpdate();
 79         if (result!=0) {
 80             System.out.println("修改成功");
 81         }
 82     }
 83     
 84     /**
 85      * 查询全部数据
 86      * @throws Exception
 87      */
 88     @Test
 89     public void findAll() throws Exception {
 90         String sql = "select id , name from test01";
 91         statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
 92         result = statement.executeQuery();
 93         if (result.next()) {
 94             System.out.println("查询成功");
 95         }
 96     }
 97     
 98     /**
 99      * 条件查询数据
100      * @throws Exception
101      */
102     @Test
103     public void findOne() throws Exception {
104         String sql = "select id , name from test01 where id = ?";
105         statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
106         statement.setInt(1, 2);
107         result = statement.executeQuery();
108         if (result.next()) {
109             System.out.println("查询成功");
110         }
111     }
112 
113 }

 

希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持我。

 

  

 

posted on 2019-02-17 21:09  来自偶然的尘土  阅读(311)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报