链表

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "zmalloc.h"

#define AL_START_HEAD 0
#define AL_START_TAIL 1
#define listLength(l) ((l)->len)

//定义节点
typedef struct listNode {
    struct listNode *prev;
    struct listNode *next;
    void *value;
} listNode;

//定义链表
typedef struct list {
    listNode *head;
    listNode *tail;
    void *(*dup)(void *ptr);
    void (*free)(void *ptr);
    int (*match)(void *ptr, void *key);
    unsigned long len;
} list;

//迭代器
typedef struct listIter {
    listNode *next;
    int direction;
} listIter;

//创建一个空链表
list *listCreate(void)
{
    struct list *list;

    if ((list = zmalloc(sizeof(*list))) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    list->head = list->tail = NULL;
    list->len = 0;
    list->dup = NULL;
    list->free = NULL;
    list->match = NULL;
    return list;
}

/* Add a new node to the list, to head, containing the specified 'value'
 * pointer as value.
 *
 * On error, NULL is returned and no operation is performed (i.e. the
 * list remains unaltered).
 * On success the 'list' pointer you pass to the function is returned. */
list *listAddNodeHead(list *list, void *value)
{
    listNode *node;

    if ((node = zmalloc(sizeof(*node))) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    node->value = value;
    if (list->len == 0) {
        list->head = list->tail = node;
        node->prev = node->next = NULL;
    } else {
        node->prev = NULL;
        node->next = list->head;
        list->head->prev = node;
        list->head = node;
    }
    list->len++;
    return list;
}

/* Add a new node to the list, to tail, containing the specified 'value'
 * pointer as value.
 *
 * On error, NULL is returned and no operation is performed (i.e. the
 * list remains unaltered).
 * On success the 'list' pointer you pass to the function is returned. */
list *listAddNodeTail(list *list, void *value)
{
    listNode *node;

    if ((node = zmalloc(sizeof(*node))) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    node->value = value;
    if (list->len == 0) {
        list->head = list->tail = node;
        node->prev = node->next = NULL;
    } else {
        node->prev = list->tail;
        node->next = NULL;
        list->tail->next = node;
        list->tail = node;
    }
    list->len++;
    return list;
}

/* Free the whole list.
 *
 * This function can't fail. */
void listRelease(list *list)
{
    unsigned long len;
    listNode *current, *next;

    current = list->head;
    len = list->len;
    while(len--) {
        next = current->next;
        if (list->free) list->free(current->value);
        zfree(current);
        current = next;
    }
    zfree(list);
}

/*
listInsertNode:插入节点
*/
list *listInsertNode(list *list, listNode *old_node, void *value, int after) 
{
    listNode *node;

    if ((node = zmalloc(sizeof(*node))) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    node->value = value;
    if (after) {
        node->prev = old_node;
        node->next = old_node->next;
        if (list->tail == old_node) {
            list->tail = node;
        }
    } else {
        node->next = old_node;
        node->prev = old_node->prev;
        if (list->head == old_node) {
            list->head = node;
        }
    }
    if (node->prev != NULL) {
        node->prev->next = node;
    }
    if (node->next != NULL) {
        node->next->prev = node;
    }
    list->len++;
    return list;
}

/* Remove the specified node from the specified list.
 * It's up to the caller to free the private value of the node.
 *
 * This function can't fail. */
void listDelNode(list *list, listNode *node)
{
    if (node->prev)
        node->prev->next = node->next;
    else
        list->head = node->next;
    if (node->next)
        node->next->prev = node->prev;
    else
        list->tail = node->prev;
    if (list->free) list->free(node->value);
    zfree(node);
    list->len--;
}

/* Returns a list iterator 'iter'. After the initialization every
 * call to listNext() will return the next element of the list.
 *
 * This function can't fail. */
listIter *listGetIterator(list *list, int direction)
{
    listIter *iter;

    if ((iter = zmalloc(sizeof(*iter))) == NULL) return NULL;
    if (direction == AL_START_HEAD)
        iter->next = list->head;
    else
        iter->next = list->tail;
    iter->direction = direction;
    return iter;
}

/* Release the iterator memory */
void listReleaseIterator(listIter *iter) {
    zfree(iter);
}

/* Create an iterator in the list private iterator structure */
void listRewind(list *list, listIter *li) {
    li->next = list->head;
    li->direction = AL_START_HEAD;
}

void listRewindTail(list *list, listIter *li) {
    li->next = list->tail;
    li->direction = AL_START_TAIL;
}


/* Return the next element of an iterator.
 * It's valid to remove the currently returned element using
 * listDelNode(), but not to remove other elements.
 *
 * The function returns a pointer to the next element of the list,
 * or NULL if there are no more elements, so the classical usage patter
 * is:
 *
 * iter = listGetIterator(list,<direction>);
 * while ((node = listNext(iter)) != NULL) {
 *     doSomethingWith(listNodeValue(node));
 * }
 *
 * */
listNode *listNext(listIter *iter)
{
    listNode *current = iter->next;

    if (current != NULL) {
        if (iter->direction == AL_START_HEAD)
            iter->next = current->next;
        else
            iter->next = current->prev;
    }
    return current;
}

/* Duplicate the whole list. On out of memory NULL is returned.
 * On success a copy of the original list is returned.
 *
 * The 'Dup' method set with listSetDupMethod() function is used
 * to copy the node value. Otherwise the same pointer value of
 * the original node is used as value of the copied node.
 *
 * The original list both on success or error is never modified. */
list *listDup(list *orig)
{
    list *copy;
    listIter *iter;
    listNode *node;

    if ((copy = listCreate()) == NULL)
        return NULL;
    copy->dup = orig->dup;
    copy->free = orig->free;
    copy->match = orig->match;
    iter = listGetIterator(orig, AL_START_HEAD);
    while((node = listNext(iter)) != NULL) {
        void *value;

        if (copy->dup) {
            value = copy->dup(node->value);
            if (value == NULL) {
                listRelease(copy);
                listReleaseIterator(iter);
                return NULL;
            }
        } else
            value = node->value;
        if (listAddNodeTail(copy, value) == NULL) {
            listRelease(copy);
            listReleaseIterator(iter);
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    listReleaseIterator(iter);
    return copy;
}

/* Search the list for a node matching a given key.
 * The match is performed using the 'match' method
 * set with listSetMatchMethod(). If no 'match' method
 * is set, the 'value' pointer of every node is directly
 * compared with the 'key' pointer.
 *
 * On success the first matching node pointer is returned
 * (search starts from head). If no matching node exists
 * NULL is returned. */
listNode *listSearchKey(list *list, void *key)
{
    listIter *iter;
    listNode *node;

    iter = listGetIterator(list, AL_START_HEAD);
    while((node = listNext(iter)) != NULL) {
        if (list->match) {
            if (list->match(node->value, key)) {
                listReleaseIterator(iter);
                return node;
            }
        } else {
            if (key == node->value) {
                listReleaseIterator(iter);
                return node;
            }
        }
    }
    listReleaseIterator(iter);
    return NULL;
}

/* Return the element at the specified zero-based index
 * where 0 is the head, 1 is the element next to head
 * and so on. Negative integers are used in order to count
 * from the tail, -1 is the last element, -2 the penultimate
 * and so on. If the index is out of range NULL is returned. */
listNode *listIndex(list *list, long index) {
    listNode *n;

    if (index < 0) {
        index = (-index)-1;
        n = list->tail;
        while(index-- && n) n = n->prev;
    } else {
        n = list->head;
        while(index-- && n) n = n->next;
    }
    return n;
}

/* Rotate the list removing the tail node and inserting it to the head. */
void listRotate(list *list) {
    listNode *tail = list->tail;

    if (listLength(list) <= 1) return;

    /* Detach current tail */
    list->tail = tail->prev;
    list->tail->next = NULL;
    /* Move it as head */
    list->head->prev = tail;
    tail->prev = NULL;
    tail->next = list->head;
    list->head = tail;
}


//打印List
void printList(list *keys)
{
    int len;
    int i;
    listNode *current;
    
    len = keys->len;
    i = len;
    current = keys->head;
    while(len--) {
        printf("keys[%d] is %s\n",i-len-1,current->value);
        current = current->next;
    }
}


int main()
{
    list *keys = listCreate();
    list *copy;
    unsigned long len;
    unsigned long i;
    
    listNode *node;
    
    
    //插入首部
    char buf[1024];
    strcpy(buf,"i am zhaoja");
    char buf2[1024];
    strcpy(buf2,"i am xm");
    
    listAddNodeHead(keys,buf);
    listAddNodeHead(keys,buf2);

    printf("*****%s******\n","插入首部--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    
    //插入尾部
    char buf3[1024];
    strcpy(buf3,"i am x3");
    char buf4[1024];
    strcpy(buf4,"i am x4");
    
    listAddNodeTail(keys,buf3);
    listAddNodeTail(keys,buf4);
    
    printf("*****%s******\n","插入尾部--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    //插入中间后边
    char buf5[1024];
    strcpy(buf5,"i am x5");
    node=keys->head->next;
    listInsertNode(keys, node, buf5, 1) ;
    
    printf("*****%s******\n","插入中间--后边--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    //插入中间前边
    char buf6[1024];
    strcpy(buf6,"i am x6");
    node=keys->head->next;
    listInsertNode(keys, node, buf6, 0) ;
    
    printf("*****%s******\n","插入中间--前边--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    //删除节点
    listDelNode(keys, node);
    printf("*****%s******\n","删除第三个节点--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    //复制节点
    copy = listDup(keys);
    printf("*****%s******\n","复制节点--打印");
    printList(copy);
    
    //查找节点listSearchKey
    node = listSearchKey(keys, buf6);
    printf("*****%s******\n","查找节点--listSearchKey--打印");
    printf("*****%s******\n",node->value);
    
    
    //查找节点listIndex
    node = listIndex(keys, 3);
    printf("*****%s******\n","查找节点--listIndex--打印");
    printf("*****%s******\n",node->value);
    
    //查节点首节点放到尾节点
    listRotate(keys);
    printf("*****%s******\n","节点首节点放到尾节点--listRotate--打印");
    printList(keys);
    
    
    
    listRelease(keys);
    listRelease(copy);
    return 0;
}

/*
测试代码
[root@rac1 List]# gcc listcreate.c zmalloc.c
[root@rac1 List]# ./a.out 
*****插入首部--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am zhaoja
*****插入尾部--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am zhaoja
keys[2] is i am x3
keys[3] is i am x4
*****插入中间--后边--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am zhaoja
keys[2] is i am x5
keys[3] is i am x3
keys[4] is i am x4
*****插入中间--前边--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am x6
keys[2] is i am zhaoja
keys[3] is i am x5
keys[4] is i am x3
keys[5] is i am x4
*****删除第三个节点--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am x6
keys[2] is i am x5
keys[3] is i am x3
keys[4] is i am x4
*****复制节点--打印******
keys[0] is i am xm
keys[1] is i am x6
keys[2] is i am x5
keys[3] is i am x3
keys[4] is i am x4
*****查找节点--listSearchKey--打印******
*****i am x6******
*****查找节点--listIndex--打印******
*****i am x3******
*****节点首节点放到尾节点--listRotate--打印******
keys[0] is i am x4
keys[1] is i am xm
keys[2] is i am x6
keys[3] is i am x5
keys[4] is i am x3

*/