[转] linux下纯C简单的HTTP POST请求 客户端模型

 

交代一下故事背景，国内某保险公司，最近上ILOG规则引擎项目，题外话，

对于保险里面的车险核保，真的是相当合适．据说，目前规则引擎最成功的就是ILOG了，我稍微看了一下他们的规则描述语言，感觉好傻啊，用中文描述，我觉得这东西要是可以用导图的那种方式，很发散的方式去处理一定很完美!

回到正题上，因为公司的核心业务系统是使用pro*c编写的服务运行于IBM AIX上面，并且通过中间件与前端通讯，怎么与java的ILOG规则引擎通讯呢？刚开始想着通过gSoap来实现c对web service的调用，但最后因为安装这个包肯定得通过系统管理员，相当麻烦，而且从来没有用过，不知道是否好用，所以ILOG那边增加一个ＤＴＯ转换层，即将我们发送过去的xml转换成web services调用，并将返回结果也转换成XML;简单的说就是核心后台通过HTTP POST打包xml发送请求，并且规则引擎那边也返回xml来实现!

晕，走题有点严重！

其实无非要实现有两点，

• TCP客户端的模型
• HTTP POST协议

先来看看我的TCP模型的实现

#ifndef _TUOBAO_TCP_CLIENT_
#define _TUOBAO_TCP_CLIENT_

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

typedef struct _tuobao_tcpclient{
int socket;
int remote_port;    
char remote_ip[16]; 
struct sockaddr_in _addr;
int connected;      
} tuobao_tcpclient;

int tuobao_tcpclient_create(tuobao_tcpclient *,const char *host, int port);
int tuobao_tcpclient_conn(tuobao_tcpclient *);
int tuobao_tcpclient_recv(tuobao_tcpclient *,char **lpbuff,int size);
int tuobao_tcpclient_send(tuobao_tcpclient *,char *buff,int size);
int tuobao_tcpclient_close(tuobao_tcpclient *);

#endif

上面的代码应该也不用说太多，光看这个这些函数的命名也差不多知道嘛意思了

定义一个结构体，有远程IP及端口，连接状态(注:连接状态是为了保持长连接用的，但事实上post请求的时候，根本就没有保持，所以，基本上没用)

然后是五个tcp函数

tuobao_tcpclient_create：根据服务器IP或者域名，以及端口填充tcpclient结构，主要是申请个socket及填一下sockaddr_in

tuobao_tcpclient_conn:连接到远程端口，并修改tcpclient的连接状态

tuobao_tcpclient_recv:接收远程指定字节数的数据，并分配空间到lpBuf，如果size为0，就阻塞直到连接关闭

tuobao_tcpclient_send:发送buf，size为buf长度

tuobao_tcpclient_close:关闭socket并且设置连接状态

好了，直接贴代码算了

tuobao_tcpclient.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include "tuobao_tcpclient.h"
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int tuobao_tcpclient_create(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient,const char *host, int port){
struct hostent *he;
if(pclient == NULL) return -1;
    memset(pclient,0,sizeof(tuobao_tcpclient));
if((he = gethostbyname(host))==NULL){
return -2;
    }
    pclient->remote_port = port;
    strcpy(pclient->remote_ip,inet_ntoa( *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr) ));
    pclient->_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    pclient->_addr.sin_port = htons(pclient->remote_port);
    pclient->_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
if((pclient->socket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1){
return -3;
    }
/*TODO:是否应该释放内存呢?*/
return 0;
}
int tuobao_tcpclient_conn(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient){
if(pclient->connected)
return 1;
if(connect(pclient->socket, (struct sockaddr *)&pclient->_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1){
return -1;
    }
    pclient->connected = 1;
return 0;
}
int tuobao_tcpclient_recv(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient,char **lpbuff,int size){
int recvnum=0,tmpres=0;
char buff[BUFFER_SIZE];
*lpbuff = NULL;
while(recvnum < size || size==0){
        tmpres = recv(pclient->socket, buff,BUFFER_SIZE,0);
if(tmpres <= 0)
break;
        recvnum += tmpres;
if(*lpbuff == NULL){
*lpbuff = (char*)malloc(recvnum);
if(*lpbuff == NULL)
return -2;
        }else{
*lpbuff = (char*)realloc(*lpbuff,recvnum);
if(*lpbuff == NULL)
return -2;
        }
        memcpy(*lpbuff+recvnum-tmpres,buff,tmpres);
    }
return recvnum;
}
int tuobao_tcpclient_send(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient,char *buff,int size){
int sent=0,tmpres=0;
while(sent < size){
        tmpres = send(pclient->socket,buff+sent,size-sent,0);
if(tmpres == -1){
return -1;
        }
        sent += tmpres;
    }
return sent;
}
int tuobao_tcpclient_close(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient){
    close(pclient->socket);
    pclient->connected = 0;
}

现在来看看http协议的头吧

虽然搞好几年的asp.net，但是因为微软为我们封装得太好了，一直没有关注http协议的post头应该是怎么样？

想想，其实很简单，看看人家IE是怎么发出去的就知道了

ubuntu下，先用nc工作监听一下，win下面随便发个请求

html
<FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.1.103/a.b">
<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="input1">
<INPUT TYPE="submit">
</FORM>

看nc的响应

linbc@cheng-ubuntu:~/workspace/httpclient$ sudo nc -l -p 80
[sudo] password for linbc:
POST /a.b HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/xaml+xml, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30618)
Host: 192.168.1.103
Content-Length: 12
Connection: Keep-Alive
Cache-Control: no-cache

input1=hello

好了，基本上知道post请求的http头

下面直接看代码

#include "tuobao_tcpclient.h"
int http_post(tuobao_tcpclient *pclient,char *page,char *request,char **response){
char post[300],host[100],content_len[100];
char *lpbuf,*ptmp;
int len=0;
    lpbuf = NULL;
const char *header2="User-Agent: Tuobao Http 0.1\r\nCache-Control: no-cache\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nAccept: */*\r\n";
    sprintf(post,"POST %s HTTP/1.0\r\n",page);
    sprintf(host,"HOST: %s:%d\r\n",pclient->remote_ip,pclient->remote_port);
    sprintf(content_len,"Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n",strlen(request));
    len = strlen(post)+strlen(host)+strlen(header2)+strlen(content_len)+strlen(request);
    lpbuf = (char*)malloc(len);
if(lpbuf==NULL){
return -1;
    }
    strcpy(lpbuf,post);
    strcat(lpbuf,host);
    strcat(lpbuf,header2);
    strcat(lpbuf,content_len);
    strcat(lpbuf,request);
if(!pclient->connected){
        tuobao_tcpclient_conn(pclient);
    }
if(tuobao_tcpclient_send(pclient,lpbuf,len)<0){
return -1;
    }
printf("发送请求:\n%s\n",lpbuf);
/*释放内存*/
if(lpbuf != NULL) free(lpbuf);
    lpbuf = NULL;
/*it's time to recv from server*/
if(tuobao_tcpclient_recv(pclient,&lpbuf,0) <= 0){
if(lpbuf) free(lpbuf);
return -2;
    }
printf("接收响应:\n%s\n",lpbuf);
/*响应代码,|HTTP/1.0 200 OK|
     *从第10个字符开始,第3位
     * */
    memset(post,0,sizeof(post));
    strncpy(post,lpbuf+9,3);
if(atoi(post)!=200){
if(lpbuf) free(lpbuf);
return atoi(post);
    }
    ptmp = (char*)strstr(lpbuf,"\r\n\r\n");
if(ptmp == NULL){
        free(lpbuf);
return -3;
    }
    ptmp += 4;/*跳过\r\n*/
    len = strlen(ptmp)+1;
*response=(char*)malloc(len);
if(*response == NULL){
if(lpbuf) free(lpbuf);
return -1;
    }
    memset(*response,0,len);
    memcpy(*response,ptmp,len-1);
/*从头域找到内容长度,如果没有找到则不处理*/
    ptmp = (char*)strstr(lpbuf,"Content-Length:");
if(ptmp != NULL){
char *ptmp2;
        ptmp += 15;
        ptmp2 = (char*)strstr(ptmp,"\r\n");
if(ptmp2 != NULL){
            memset(post,0,sizeof(post));
            strncpy(post,ptmp,ptmp2-ptmp);
if(atoi(post)<len)
                (*response)[atoi(post)] = '\0';
        }
    }
if(lpbuf) free(lpbuf);
return 0;
}
int main(){
    tuobao_tcpclient client;
char *response = NULL;
    printf("开始组包\n");
    tuobao_tcpclient_create(&client,"127.0.0.1",80);
if(http_post(&client,"/i.php","f1=hello",&response)){
        printf("失败!\n");
        exit(2);
    }
    printf("响应:\n%d:%s\n",strlen(response),response);
    free(response);
return 0;
}

写个简单的makefile

objects = tuobao_tcpclient.o httppost.o
httppost: $(objects)
    cc -o httppost $(objects)
tuobao_tcpclient.o: tuobao_tcpclient.h
httppost.o:
.PHONY : clean
clean :
@echo 正在移除
-rm httppost $(objects)

好了，万事OK了。。