Creating Custom SharePoint Timer Jobs

 

摘自：[http://www.andrewconnell.com/blog/articles/CreatingCustomSharePointTimerJobs.aspx]

The first thing you need to do is create a class that inherits from the Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPJobDefinition class. To implement this class, you need to create a few constructors and override the Execute() method, like so:

namespace AndrewConnell.TaskLogger {
  public class TaskLoggerJob : SPJobDefinition{

    public TaskLoggerJob ()
      : base(){
    }

    public TaskLoggerJob (string jobName, SPService service, SPServer server, SPJobLockType targetType)
      : base (jobName, service, server, targetType) {
    }

    public TaskLoggerJob (string jobName, SPWebApplication webApplication)
      : base (jobName, webApplication, null, SPJobLockType.ContentDatabase) {
      this.Title = "Task Logger";
    }

    public override void Execute (Guid contentDbId) {
      // get a reference to the current site collection's content database
      SPWebApplication webApplication = this.Parent as SPWebApplication;
      SPContentDatabase contentDb = webApplication.ContentDatabases[contentDbId];

      // get a reference to the "Tasks" list in the RootWeb of the first site collection in the content database
      SPList taskList = contentDb.Sites[0].RootWeb.Lists["Tasks"];

      // create a new task, set the Title to the current day/time, and update the item
      SPListItem newTask = taskList.Items.Add();
      newTask["Title"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
      newTask.Update();
    }
  }
}

As you can see, this job does nothing important but add a new item to a Task list every time it's executed. Now that you have the job built, you need to get it registered. Unfortunately the only way to do this is through code, but it sure would be one heck of a candidate for a custom STSADM command. Anyway, since we don't have that today, I like to use the feature activated & deactivated events to install/uninstall my custom jobs.

To do this, you have to create another class that inherits from the Microsoft.SharePoint.SPFeatureReceiver class and implement the FeatureActivated & FeatureDeactivated event handlers like so:

namespace AndrewConnell.TaskLogger {
  class TaskLoggerJobInstaller : SPFeatureReceiver {
    const string TASK_LOGGER_JOB_NAME = "TaskLogger";
    public override void FeatureInstalled (SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) {
    }

    public override void FeatureUninstalling (SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) {
    }

    public override void FeatureActivated (SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) {
      SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;

      // make sure the job isn't already registered
      foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions) {
        if (job.Name == TASK_LOGGER_JOB_NAME)
          job.Delete();
      }

      // install the job
      TaskLoggerJob taskLoggerJob = new TaskLoggerJob(TASK_LOGGER_JOB_NAME, site.WebApplication);

      SPMinuteSchedule schedule = new SPMinuteSchedule();
      schedule.BeginSecond = 0;
      schedule.EndSecond = 59;
      schedule.Interval = 5;
      taskLoggerJob.Schedule = schedule;

      taskLoggerJob.Update();
    }

    public override void FeatureDeactivating (SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) {
      SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;

      // delete the job
      foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions) {
        if (job.Name == TASK_LOGGER_JOB_NAME)
          job.Delete();
      }
    }
  }
}

Now... to get it working, all you need to do is:

1. Deploy the strongly named assembly to the GAC.
2. Reset IIS (required for SharePoint to "see" the new timer job in the GAC).
3. Create a feature specifying the receiver class and assembly that contains the event receivers.
4. Install the feature.
5. Activate the feature.

This sample timer job assumes it's running within the context of a WSS v3 site that has a list created with the Tasks list template in the root web within the site collection (or, just create a Team Site at the root of your site collection).

Once you activate the feature, it should show up on the Timer Job Definitions page in Central Administration / Operations. It won't appear in the Timer Job Status page until it's executed at least one time. Wait for five minutes or so (the schedule this sample is using) to see if it's running. You should start to see items showing up in the Tasks list in the root site in your site collection.

Here's a Visual Studio 2005 solution that includes everything you need to create a custom timer job. Note that I used the technique I described in this article to modify the Visual Studio project to create the WSP file for me:

» TaskLogger_CustomTimerJob.zip

Or, you can use this Windows SharePoint Solution Package (*.WSP) to deploy the prebuilt timer job used in this article (handles steps 1-4 above):

» AndrewConnell.TaskLoggerJob.zip (unpack the ZIP to get the WSP)

To deploy the WSP file, simply add it to the solution store using STSADM (using the following command) and then deploy it to the desired site:

stsadm –o addsolution –filename AndrewConnell.TaskLoggerJob.wsp

Note: if you plan to test the timer job attached in that article, please make sure you also uninstall it. I just realized I never uninstalled mine and my Tasks list had over 30,000 items in it from the last few weeks. Oops! :)