本文是利用一个简单的小例子,简述C#中和加密术有关的内容,仅供学习参考用。
概述
随着信息技术的发展,计算机网络为信息的获取、传输、处理、利用与共享提供了一个高效、快捷、安全的通信环境和传输通道,网络信息安全也变得越来越重要。信息安全主要包括两个方面的内容:信息存储安全和信息传输安全。保证网络中信息安全的主要技术是数据的加密与解密。如下图示,说明了加密与解密的过程。
公式算法表示如下:
加密公式:c=Eke(m) (11.1) 解密公式:m=Dkd(c) (11.2)其中m代表明文,c代表密文,E是加密算法,D是解密算法,参数ke称为加密密钥,参数kd称为解密密钥
涉及知识点
- HASH算法 :散列函数是现代密码系统的基础。这些函数将任意长度的二进制字符串映射为固定长度的二进制字符串(称为散列值)
- 对称加密算法:指对信息的加密和解密都使用相同的密钥。
- 非对称加密算法:非对称加密算法对信息的加密与解密使用不同的密钥,用来加密的密钥是可以公开的,用来解密的密钥需要保密
- 数字签名术:数字签名技术结合散列算法和非对称加密技术来进行篡改检测和解决相关的身份验证问题。这就像在现实生活中用亲笔签名来保证文件或资料的真实性一样。
散列算法
散列算法主要有MD5【Message Digest Algorithm】,RIPEMD160【RACE Integrity Primitives Evaluation Message Digest】和SHA【Secure Hash Algorithm】,SHA又分为SHA1,SHA256,SHA384,SHA512,【散列算法不可逆,是单向操作】如下如所示:
关于散列算法,效果图如下:
HASH算法核心代码如下:
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Security.Cryptography; 5 using System.Text; 6 using System.Threading.Tasks; 7 8 namespace DemoCrtpto 9 { 10 /// <summary> 11 /// 信息摘要帮助类 12 /// </summary> 13 public class HashHelper 14 { 15 #region 信息摘要 16 17 /// <summary> 18 /// MD5信息摘要 19 /// </summary> 20 /// <param name="source"></param> 21 /// <returns></returns> 22 public static string GetInfoByMd5(string source) 23 { 24 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.MD5); 25 return Encrypto(hash, source); 26 } 27 28 public static string GetInfoBySHA1(string source) 29 { 30 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA1); 31 return Encrypto(hash, source); 32 } 33 34 public static string GetInfoBySHA256(string source) 35 { 36 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA256); 37 return Encrypto(hash, source); 38 } 39 40 public static string GetInfoBySHA384(string source) 41 { 42 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA384); 43 return Encrypto(hash, source); 44 } 45 46 public static string GetInfoBySHA512(string source) 47 { 48 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA512); 49 return Encrypto(hash, source); 50 } 51 52 public static string GetInfoByRipeMD(string source) 53 { 54 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.RIPEMD); 55 return Encrypto(hash, source); 56 } 57 58 #endregion 59 60 /// <summary> 61 /// 根据类型获取摘要算法名称 62 /// </summary> 63 /// <param name="t"></param> 64 /// <returns></returns> 65 private static HashAlgorithm getHashAlgorithm(HashType t) { 66 HashAlgorithm hash; 67 switch (t) { 68 case HashType.MD5: 69 hash = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); 70 break; 71 case HashType.SHA1: 72 hash = new SHA1Managed(); 73 break; 74 case HashType.SHA256: 75 hash = new SHA256Managed(); 76 break; 77 case HashType.SHA384: 78 hash = new SHA384Managed(); 79 break; 80 case HashType.SHA512: 81 hash = new SHA512Managed(); 82 break; 83 case HashType.RIPEMD: 84 hash = new RIPEMD160Managed(); 85 break; 86 default: 87 hash = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); 88 break; 89 } 90 return hash; 91 } 92 93 /// <summary> 94 /// 加密 95 /// </summary> 96 /// <param name="hash"></param> 97 /// <param name="source"></param> 98 /// <returns></returns> 99 private static string Encrypto(HashAlgorithm hash, string source) { 100 string dest = string.Empty; 101 try 102 { 103 byte[] btSource = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(source); 104 byte[] btDest = hash.ComputeHash(btSource); 105 dest = Convert.ToBase64String(btDest, 0, btDest.Length); 106 } 107 catch (Exception ex) 108 { 109 throw ex; 110 } 111 return dest; 112 } 113 } 114 115 /// <summary> 116 /// 信息摘要类型 117 /// </summary> 118 public enum HashType { 119 MD5=0, 120 SHA1=1, 121 SHA256=2, 122 SHA384=3, 123 SHA512=4, 124 RIPEMD=5 125 } 126 }
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
1 using System;
2 using System.Collections.Generic;
3 using System.Linq;
4 using System.Security.Cryptography;
5 using System.Text;
6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
7
8 namespace DemoCrtpto
9 {
10 /// <summary>
11 /// 信息摘要帮助类
12 /// </summary>
13 public class HashHelper
14 {
15 #region 信息摘要
16
17 /// <summary>
18 /// MD5信息摘要
19 /// </summary>
20 /// <param name="source"></param>
21 /// <returns></returns>
22 public static string GetInfoByMd5(string source)
23 {
24 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.MD5);
25 return Encrypto(hash, source);
26 }
27
28 public static string GetInfoBySHA1(string source)
29 {
30 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA1);
31 return Encrypto(hash, source);
32 }
33
34 public static string GetInfoBySHA256(string source)
35 {
36 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA256);
37 return Encrypto(hash, source);
38 }
39
40 public static string GetInfoBySHA384(string source)
41 {
42 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA384);
43 return Encrypto(hash, source);
44 }
45
46 public static string GetInfoBySHA512(string source)
47 {
48 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.SHA512);
49 return Encrypto(hash, source);
50 }
51
52 public static string GetInfoByRipeMD(string source)
53 {
54 HashAlgorithm hash = getHashAlgorithm(HashType.RIPEMD);
55 return Encrypto(hash, source);
56 }
57
58 #endregion
59
60 /// <summary>
61 /// 根据类型获取摘要算法名称
62 /// </summary>
63 /// <param name="t"></param>
64 /// <returns></returns>
65 private static HashAlgorithm getHashAlgorithm(HashType t) {
66 HashAlgorithm hash;
67 switch (t) {
68 case HashType.MD5:
69 hash = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
70 break;
71 case HashType.SHA1:
72 hash = new SHA1Managed();
73 break;
74 case HashType.SHA256:
75 hash = new SHA256Managed();
76 break;
77 case HashType.SHA384:
78 hash = new SHA384Managed();
79 break;
80 case HashType.SHA512:
81 hash = new SHA512Managed();
82 break;
83 case HashType.RIPEMD:
84 hash = new RIPEMD160Managed();
85 break;
86 default:
87 hash = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
88 break;
89 }
90 return hash;
91