1 '''
2 使用matplotlib创建图表，并显示在tk窗口
3 '''
4 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
5 from matplotlib.pylab import mpl
6 from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
7 import tkinter as tk
8 import numpy as np
9 import time,sys
10 import threading
11
12 mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] # 中文显示
13 mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 负号显示
14
15 global win
16 global tempGraphLabel, tempData, runFlag
17 runFlag = True
18 tempData = []
19
20 '''
21 图表类，定义时参数root为父控件
22 '''
23 class tempGraph():
24 def __init__(self, root):
25 self.root = root # 主窗体
26 self.canvas = tk.Canvas() # 创建一块显示图形的画布
27 self.figure = self.create_matplotlib() # 返回matplotlib所画图形的figure对象
28 self.showGraphIn(self.figure) # 将figure显示在tkinter窗体上面
29
30 '''生成fig'''
31 def create_matplotlib(self):
32 # 创建绘图对象f
33 f = plt.figure(num=2, figsize=(16, 8), dpi=100, edgecolor='green', frameon=True)
34 # 创建一副子图
35 self.fig11 = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1)
36 self.line11, = self.fig11.plot([], [])
37
38 def setLabel(fig, title, titleColor="red"):
39 fig.set_title(title+"温度曲线", color=titleColor) # 设置标题
40 fig.set_xlabel('时间[s]') # 设置x轴标签
41 fig.set_ylabel("温度[℃]") # 设置y轴标签
42 setLabel(self.fig11, "设备1")
43 # fig1.set_yticks([-1, -1 / 2, 0, 1 / 2, 1]) # 设置坐标轴刻度
44 f.tight_layout() # 自动紧凑布局
45 return f
46
47 '''把fig显示到tkinter'''
48 def showGraphIn(self, figure):
49 # 把绘制的图形显示到tkinter窗口上
50 self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, self.root)
51 self.canvas.draw() # 以前的版本使用show()方法，matplotlib 2.2之后不再推荐show（）用draw代替，但是用show不会报错，会显示警告
52 self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP) #, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1
53
54 # 把matplotlib绘制图形的导航工具栏显示到tkinter窗口上
55 toolbar = NavigationToolbar2Tk(self.canvas,
56 self.root) # matplotlib 2.2版本之后推荐使用NavigationToolbar2Tk，若使用NavigationToolbar2TkAgg会警告
57 toolbar.update()
58 self.canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
59
60 '''更新fig'''
61 def updateMeltGraph(self, meltData):
62 x = [i for i in range(len(meltData))]
63 self.line11.set_xdata(x) # x轴也必须更新
64 self.line11.set_ydata(meltData) # 更新y轴数据
65 # 更新x数据，但未更新绘图范围。当我把新数据放在绘图上时，它完全超出了范围。解决办法是增加：
66 self.fig11.relim()
67 self.fig11.autoscale_view()
68 plt.draw()
69 # self.canvas.draw_idle()
70 '''
71 更新数据，在次线程中运行
72 '''
73 def updataData():
74 global tempData,runFlag
75 while runFlag:
76 tempData.append(5)
77 time.sleep(1)
78 '''
79 更新窗口
80 '''
81 def updateWindow():
82 global win
83 global tempGraphLabel, tempData, runFlag
84 if runFlag:
85 tempGraphLabel.updateMeltGraph(tempData)
86 win.after(1000, updateWindow) # 1000ms更新画布
87 '''
88 关闭窗口触发函数，关闭S7连接，置位flag
89 '''
90 def closeWindow():
91 global runFlag
92 runFlag = False
93 sys.exit()
94 '''
95 创建控件
96 '''
97 def createGUI():
98 global win
99 win = tk.Tk()
100 displayWidth = win.winfo_screenwidth() # 获取屏幕宽度
101 displayHeight = win.winfo_screenheight()
102 winWidth, winHeight = displayWidth, displayHeight - 70
103 winX, winY = -8, 0
104 # winX, winY = int((displayWidth - winWidth) /
105 # 2), int((displayHeight - winHeight - 70) / 2)
106 win.title("窗口标题")
107 win.geometry(
108 '%dx%d-%d+%d' %
109 (winWidth,
110 winHeight,
111 winX, winY)) # %dx%d宽度x 高度+横向偏移量(距左边)+纵向偏移量(距上边)
112 # win.resizable(0, 0) # 不使能最大化
113 win.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", closeWindow)
114 # win.iconbitmap(r'resource/images/motor.ico') # 窗口图标
115
116 graphFrame = tk.Frame(win) # 创建图表控件
117 graphFrame.place(x=0, y=0)
118 global tempGraphLabel
119 tempGraphLabel = tempGraph(graphFrame)
120
121 recv_data = threading.Thread(target=updataData) # 开启线程
122 recv_data.start()
123
124 updateWindow() # 更新画布
125 win.mainloop()
126
127 if __name__ == '__main__':
128 createGUI()
