参考文档：https://es.xiaoleilu.com/010_Intro/00_README.html
一、索引操作
1、查看当前节点的所有的index
查看当前节点的所有的index [root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v' health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg 5 1 6 0 48kb 24kb
2、查看每个index下的type和filed的对应的数据类型
查看每个index下的type和filed的类型
[root@es1 ~]# curl 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_mapping?pretty=true'
{
"students" : {
"mappings" : {
"class1" : {
"properties" : {
"passwd" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
},
"username" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
3、创建索引的操作
创建索引，返回true，意味着创建成功了
[root@es1 ~]# curl -X PUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/weather'
{"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true,"index":"weather"}[root@es1 ~]#
创建完成后，查看索引
[root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v'
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green open students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg 5 1 6 0 48kb 24kb
green open weather VWnR2eM9RIG8A0MJgNWORw 5 1 0 0 1.5kb 690b
4、删除索引操作
删除索引，返回true，意味着删除成功
[root@es1 ~]# curl -X DELETE 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/weather'
{"acknowledged":true}[root@es1 ~]#
删除完成后，查看索引
[root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v'
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green open students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg 5 1 6 0 48kb 24kb
[root@es1 ~]#
二、文档操作
1、新增一个文档记录，指定索引为数字
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty' -d '{"usernmae":"baoliang","passwd":"44444444"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 2,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
查看新增的记录
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 2,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "baoliang",
"passwd" : "44444444"
}
}
2、创建一个文档，指定索引为字符串
这里我们注意，这条文档的id为7，但是id不一定为7，为abc也是可以的
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/abc?pretty' -d '{"usernmae":"wxz","passwd":"5555555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "abc",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/abc?pretty'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "abc",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "wxz",
"passwd" : "5555555555"
}
}
3、创建文档，不指定索引，由elasticsearch为我们指定索引，但是方法要采用XPOST方法，不能使用XPUT方法
这里还需要注意，上面都指定id了，我们有可以不指定id进行新增文档，但是不能XPUT的方法，要用XPOST方法
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XPOST 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/' -d '{"usernmae":"wxz","passwd":"5555555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
{"_index":"students","_type":"class1","_id":"2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":3,"_primary_term":1}[root@es1 ~]#
我们看到这次的id是随机生成的2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e
通过这个随机的id我们查看我们的文档
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e?pretty'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 3,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "wxz",
"passwd" : "5555555555"
}
}
4、这里还需要注意一点
这里还需要注意，如果我们输入的index不存在，elasticsearch也不会报错，他会为我们新建一个索引，所以这里要非常的注意，index一定不能写错
5、查看文档的操作
查看某个文档的
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e?pretty=true'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e",
"_version" : 1,
"_seq_no" : 3,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "wxz",
"passwd" : "5555555555"
}
}
如果id输错了，就会查不到数据
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48?pretty=true'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48",
"found" : false
}
6、删除文档的操作
删除记录的方法，输入index，type，id就可以删除指定的文档
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XDELETE 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e'
{"_index":"students","_type":"class1","_id":"2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e","_version":2,"result":"deleted","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":4,"_primary_term":1}[root@es1 ~]#
删除成功后，我们在查看这个文档，就已经查不到了
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48?pretty=true'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48",
"found" : false
}
7、更新操作，采用_update方法
更新操作
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XPOST 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7/_update?pretty=true' -d '{"doc":{"passwd":"55555555"}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 2,
"result" : "updated",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 5,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
查看更新后的结果
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 2,
"_seq_no" : 5,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "baoliang",
"passwd" : "55555555"
}
}
8、覆盖操作，采用XPUT方法，id输入已有的id，也就是我们要覆盖的文档的id
xput方法是覆盖，update方法更新，上面我们介绍了一下update方法，下面我们看下xput方法，我们看到新的数据只有一个字段了，username字段被覆盖掉了
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true' -d '{"passwd":"55555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 3,
"result" : "updated",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 2,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 6,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true'
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_version" : 3,
"_seq_no" : 6,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"passwd" : "55555555"
}
}
8、查询所有的数据
查询的所有的数据
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search?pretty=true'
{
"took" : 25,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 8,
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"username" : "zyb",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chr",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"username" : "cyr",
"passwd" : "abcdef"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"username" : "fxk",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"passwd" : "55555555"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chy",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "abc",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"usernmae" : "wxz",
"passwd" : "5555555555"
}
}
]
}
}
这里的
took是表示操作的耗时，单位是毫秒
timeout表示是否超时
hits表示命中的数目的详细信息
total表示命中的数目
2、搜索满足指定的条件的文档
搜索，查看username为chy的文档
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy"}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
搜索结果如下
{
"took" : 6,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chy",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
}
]
}
}
3、搜索满足指定条件的文档，但是设置返回的条数，使用size参数，设置返回的条数为1，默认是返回10条
[root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy"}},"size":1}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
搜索结果
{
"took" : 4,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 1,
"max_score" : 0.2876821,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chy",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
}
]
}
}
4、搜索满足多个条件的语句，多个条件为or的关系
[root@es3 elasticsearch]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.3:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy chr"}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
搜索结果
{
"took" : 6,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 2,
"max_score" : 0.9808292,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.9808292,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chr",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
},
{
"_index" : "students",
"_type" : "class1",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.2876821,
"_source" : {
"username" : "chy",
"passwd" : "111111"
}
}
]
}
}
5、搜索满足多个条件的语句，多个条件为and的关系
[root@es3 elasticsearch]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.3:9200/students/class1/_search?pretty' -d '{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"username":"chr"}},{"match":{"passwd":22222}}]}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
搜索结果
{
"took" : 5,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 5,
"successful" : 5,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : 0,
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}
6、更为复杂的查询，比如查询名称为smith，同时年龄大于30的人，这个时候就需要采用过滤器filter
{
"query" : {
"filtered" : {
"filter" : {
"range" : {
"age" : { "gt" : 30 }
}
},
"query" : {
"match" : {
"last_name" : "smith"
}
}
}
}
}
7、全文搜索
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"about" : "rock climbing"
}
}
}
8、
至此，我们的elasticsearch的索引操作和文档操作的总结暂时就完成了！
