安装环境：Linux服务器CentOS 5.5
安装版本：mysql-5.5.8.tar.gz
1、安装 cmake 编译器。
1)、下载cmake
#cd /usr/local/src
#wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
2)、解压cmake
#tar -zvxf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz
3)、配置编译
#cd cmake-2.8.4
#yum -y install gcc
#yum -y install gcc-c++
#yum -y install ncurses-devel
#./configure
#make
#make install
2、安装MySQL
1)、下载MySQL。
#cd /usr/local/src
#wget http://sdk.ruiya.com/linux/mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz
2)、添加必要的组和拥有者
#groupadd mysql
#useradd -r -g mysql mysql
3)、解压MySQL
#tar -zvxf mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz
4)、配置编译
如果是重装MySql，请先删除my.cnf如： rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
#mkdir /usr/local/mysql
#mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
#cd /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.9
#cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
参数说明：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录
-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //使用utf8字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据
#make
#make install
注意事项：
重新编译时，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。
# make clean
# rm -f CMakeCache.txt
# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
4)、设置目录权限
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R root:mysql . //把当前目录中所有文件的所有者所有者设为root，所属组为mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql data
5)、配置文件
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf //这个配置仅适合小内存系统(32M - 64M)
打开如下注释：
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
添加默认字符集：
[client]
default-character-set = utf8 // 添加编码支持
[mysqld]
default-character-set = utf8 或 character_set_server // 添加编码支持
max_connections = 10000 //根据服务器性能调节
basedir = /usr/local/mysql //设置安装目录，这样在系统启动时才能正确运行到/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start
6)、创建系统数据库的表
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
7)、设置权限启动
设置环境变量：
# vi /root/.bash_profile
在PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin添加参数为：
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
#source /root/.bash_profile
手动启动MySQL：
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & //启动MySQL，但不能停止
启动日志写在此文件下：/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err
关闭MySQL服务
# mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown //这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码，所以为空值。
通过脚本启动MySQL：
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。
8)、修改MySQL的root用户的密码：
# mysql -u root mysql
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root"; //为root添加远程连接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='root';
mysql>select Host,User,Password from user where User='root';
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
重新登录：mysql -u root -p
注意事项：
<1>、MySQL5.5 默认使用InnoDB作为存储引擎，所以可以不设置DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE值
参考：
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "root";
注意%对应的密码，如果不相同，可以通过 update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='root'; 修改。
同时注意防火墙是否已关闭或者添加例外。
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
导出数据库生成SQL脚本
mysqldump -h 192.168.200.18 -u root -p TestDB > TestDB.sql
<2>、测试mysql守护进程。
#cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ;
#perl mysql-test-run.pl
<3>、注意事项：
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TOSET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the optionof removing the test
databases and anonymous user created bydefault. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysqlbug script!
