关键字: DirectPlay DPlay VB DirectX .net 网络 游戏 作者:董含君
转贴请注明来自 http://a11s.cnblogs.com
为了看DPlay的最后一个例子---ClientServer 我做好了充分的思想准备(大不了重新学)以及睡眠准备(13小时以上),而且特意安排了周末的事件(比较长).打开VS.NET(两个工程C/S)…
结果有点大失所望.跟P2P几乎没有区别!!!!唯独的区别就是把Peer换成了Server以及Client
方法都类似,强烈怀疑是对Peer进行了封装!
本来还想跟DSound一样最后进行一个封装的,现在看来几乎没有必要了,已经简单的可以了…如果可能的话,下次对player以及lobby还有其他细节方面整理一下.
本着善始善终的态度,对Server-Client模式的步骤进行总结.
1 new Directplay.server,同时准备好事件触发
2 设置appdesc.sessionname guid sessionflags=clientserver (这里就是变了一个flag而已)
3 设置address
4 server.host(appdesc,address)
客户端
5 new directplay.client
6 appdesc,address
7 client.findhost(…跟peer是一样的)
8 找到之后client.connect (参数跟peer也是一样的)
9 可以收发消息了(跟Peer相同)
这里有一点改变
只有Server可以Sendto某一个player或者allplayer,而Client只能send.而且只有服务器才能接收到
估计这就是C/S跟P2P的最大区别了.而且没有了HOST迁移.整体操作也比P2P简单不少(个人认为) 效率方面我无法提供相关数据,一般说来应该是有过优化的,要相信微软的工程师不是白痴.所以还是不要自己封装Peer了
代码帖出来大家比较一下吧.整体还是比较简单的.
Server:
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------
' File: Server.cs
'
' Desc: This tutorial modifes the Send tutorial to be a client/server
' topology instead of peer to peer. This file contains the server
' code.
'
' Copyright (c) Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved.
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Collections
Imports Microsoft.DirectX
Imports Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay
Namespace Tut09_Server
' Possible connection states
Public Enum ConnectionType
Disconnected
Hosting
End Enum 'ConnectionType
'/ <summary>
'/ Application class.
'/ </summary>
Public Class ServerApp
Implements IDisposable
' Application identifier
' This guid allows DirectPlay to find other instances of the same game on
' the network, so it must be unique for every game, and the same for
' every instance of that game. You can use the guidgen.exe program to
' generate a new guid.
Private Shared m_AppGuid As New Guid("1AD4CA3B-AC68-4d9b-9522-BE59CD485276")
Public Shared DefaultPort As Integer = 2609 ' Default port number
' DirectPlay
Private m_Server As Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay.Server = Nothing ' DirectPlay Server object
Private m_LocalAddress As New Address() ' Local address
' Application
Private m_Form As ApplicationForm = Nothing ' Main application WinForm
Private m_SessionName As String = "New Host" ' Hosted session name
Private m_Connection As ConnectionType = ConnectionType.Disconnected ' Current connection state
Public ReadOnly Property Connection() As ConnectionType
Get
Return m_Connection
End Get
End Property
'/ <summary>
'/ Constructor
'/ </summary>
Public Sub New()
' Initialize the application's UI
m_Form = New ApplicationForm(Me)
' Update the UI
UpdateUI()
' Initialize DirectPlay and event handlers
InitDirectPlay()
' Set the service provider for our local address to TCP/IP
m_LocalAddress.ServiceProvider = Address.ServiceProviderTcpIp
' Verify the computer supports our chosen service provider
If Not IsServiceProviderValid(m_LocalAddress.ServiceProvider) Then
MessageBox.Show(m_Form, "You must have TCP/IP installed on your " + "computer to run this tutorial.", "DirectPlay Tutorial", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error)
m_Form.Dispose()
End If
End Sub 'New
'/ <summary>
'/ Initializes the DirectPlay Server object
'/ </summary>
Private Sub InitDirectPlay()
' Release any exising resources
If Not (m_Server Is Nothing) Then
m_Server.Dispose()
End If
' Create a new DirectPlay Server object
m_Server = New Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay.Server()
' Add handlers for DirectPlay events
AddHandler m_Server.Receive, AddressOf ReceiveHandler
m_Connection = ConnectionType.Disconnected
End Sub 'InitDirectPlay
'/ <summary>
'/ Handler for incoming DirectPlay Receive events
'/ </summary>
Public Sub ReceiveHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal args As ReceiveEventArgs)
If m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled Then
' Read the incoming chat message. Since network data is always
' broken down into raw bytes for transfer, the sent object must
' be rebuilt. The NetworkPacket class contains methods to
' easily send and receive unicode strings, but this sample
' manually decodes the string for compatibility with the C++
' tutorials. The data is first read into a byte array, then Unicode
' decoded, and finally added to our list of received messages.
Dim packet As NetworkPacket = args.Message.ReceiveData
Dim data As Byte() = CType(packet.Read(GetType(Byte), packet.Length), Byte())
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Add(Encoding.Unicode.GetString(data))
End If
End Sub 'ReceiveHandler
'/ <summary>
'/ Host a new DirectPlay session.
'/ </summary>
Public Sub HostSession()
' Get desired hosting options
Dim dialog As New HostDialog()
dialog.LocalPort = DefaultPort
If DialogResult.Cancel = dialog.ShowDialog() Then
Return
End If
' Update the UI
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Connecting..."
m_Form.Update()
' Store host dialog choices
m_SessionName = dialog.SessionName
' Add the port number
If dialog.LocalPort > 0 Then
m_LocalAddress.AddComponent("port", dialog.LocalPort)
End If
' Create an application description
Dim AppDesc As New ApplicationDescription()
AppDesc.GuidApplication = m_AppGuid
AppDesc.SessionName = m_SessionName
AppDesc.Flags = SessionFlags.ClientServer Or SessionFlags.NoDpnServer
Try
' Host a new session
m_Server.Host(AppDesc, m_LocalAddress) ' Application description
' Local device address
m_Connection = ConnectionType.Hosting
Catch ex As Exception
m_Form.ShowException(ex, "Host", True)
m_Form.Dispose()
Return
End Try
End Sub 'HostSession
'/ <summary>
'/ Sends the current outgoing chat string to all connected clients
'/ </summary>
Public Sub SendData()
' Create a network packet object to which we can write our chat message.
' For compatibility with the current C++ tutorials, the unicode text
' will be encoded as a null-terminated string for network transfer, as
' opposed to the .NET convention of string length followed by characters;
' however, there are no limits on how the data can be formatted since
' all data is received as a raw byte array.
Dim packet As New NetworkPacket()
packet.Write(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(m_Form.SendTextBox.Text))
' Now that all the outgoing data has been encoded to a network
' packet, the DirectPlay send method can be called. You must tell
' DirectPlay which client you wish to receive the data; for this
' sample, we'll deliver the message to all connected players
' (except the local player, which we exclude with the NoLoopback
' flag )
m_Server.SendTo(CInt(PlayerID.AllPlayers), packet, 0, SendFlags.Sync Or SendFlags.NoLoopback) ' Send to session
' Outgoing data
' Timeout (default)
' Flags
m_Form.SendTextBox.Text = ""
End Sub 'SendData
'/ <summary>
'/ Terminate or disconnect from the session.
'/ </summary>
Public Sub Disconnect()
' Disconnect by closing the current server and opening
' a new one.
InitDirectPlay()
UpdateUI()
End Sub 'Disconnect
'/ <summary>
'/ Verify the given service provider if found in the enumerated list
'/ of installed providers on this computer.
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="provider">Guid of the provider to search for</param>
'/ <returns>true if the given provider is found</returns>
Private Function IsServiceProviderValid(ByVal provider As Guid) As Boolean
' Ask DirectPlay for the service provider list
Dim SPInfoArray As ServiceProviderInformation() = m_Server.GetServiceProviders(True)
' For each service provider in the returned list...
Dim info As ServiceProviderInformation
For Each info In SPInfoArray
' Compare the current provider against the passed provider
If info.Guid.Equals(provider) Then
Return True
End If
Next info
' Not found
Return False
End Function 'IsServiceProviderValid
'/ <summary>
'/ Update visual elements according to current state
'/ </summary>
Public Sub UpdateUI()
' Flush the incoming/outgoing messages box
m_Form.SendTextBox.Text = ""
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Clear()
' Set UI elements based on current connection state
Select Case m_Connection
Case ConnectionType.Hosting
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Hosting session """ + m_SessionName + """"
m_Form.HostButton.Text = "&Disconnect"
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled = True
m_Form.SendTextBox.Enabled = True
m_Form.SendButton.Enabled = True
Case ConnectionType.Disconnected
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Not connected to a session"
m_Form.HostButton.Text = "&Host..."
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Add("You must first connect to a session.")
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled = False
m_Form.SendTextBox.Enabled = False
m_Form.SendButton.Enabled = False
End Select
End Sub 'UpdateUI
'/ <summary>
'/ Handles program cleanup
'/ </summary>
Protected Overridable Overloads Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
If Not (m_Server Is Nothing) And Not m_Server.Disposed Then
m_Server.Dispose()
End If
End Sub 'Dispose
'/ <summary>
'/ The main entry point for the application.
'/ </summary>
Public Shared Sub
' Create the main application object
Dim App As New ServerApp()
' Start the form's message loop
If Not App.m_Form.IsDisposed Then
Application.Run(App.m_Form)
End If
' Release resources
App.Dispose()
End Sub '
End Class 'ServerApp
End Namespace 'Tut09_Server
Client:
'----------------------------------------------------------------------------
' File: Client.cs
'
' Desc: This tutorial modifes the Send tutorial to be a client/server
' topology instead of peer to peer. This file contains the client
' code.
'
' Copyright (c) Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved.
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Collections
Imports Microsoft.DirectX
Imports Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay
Namespace Tut09_Client
' Possible connection states
Public Enum ConnectionType
Disconnected
Connected
End Enum 'ConnectionType
'/ <summary>
'/ Application class.
'/ </summary>
Public Class ClientApp
Implements IDisposable 'ToDo: Add Implements Clauses for implementation methods of these interface(s)
' Application identifier
' This guid allows DirectPlay to find other instances of the same game on
' the network, so it must be unique for every game, and the same for
' every instance of that game. You can use the guidgen.exe program to
' generate a new guid.
Private Shared m_AppGuid As New Guid("1AD4CA3B-AC68-4d9b-9522-BE59CD485276")
Public Shared DefaultPort As Integer = 2609 ' Default port number
' DirectPlay
Private m_Client As Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay.Client = Nothing ' DirectPlay Client object
Private m_LocalAddress As New Address() ' Local address
' Application
Private m_Form As ApplicationForm = Nothing ' Main application WinForm
Private m_SessionName As String = "New Host" ' Hosted session name
Private m_FoundSessions As New ArrayList() ' Enumerated sessions
Private m_Connection As ConnectionType = ConnectionType.Disconnected ' Current connection state
Public ReadOnly Property Connection() As ConnectionType
Get
Return m_Connection
End Get
End Property
Public ReadOnly Property FoundSessions() As ArrayList
Get
Return m_FoundSessions
End Get
End Property
'/ <summary>
'/ Constructor
'/ </summary>
Public Sub New()
' Initialize the application's UI
m_Form = New ApplicationForm(Me)
' Update the UI
UpdateUI()
' Initialize DirectPlay and event handlers
InitDirectPlay()
' Set the service provider for our local address to TCP/IP
m_LocalAddress.ServiceProvider = Address.ServiceProviderTcpIp
' Verify the computer supports our chosen service provider
If Not IsServiceProviderValid(m_LocalAddress.ServiceProvider) Then
MessageBox.Show(m_Form, "You must have TCP/IP installed on your " + "computer to run this tutorial.", "DirectPlay Tutorial", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error)
m_Form.Dispose()
End If
End Sub 'New
'/ <summary>
'/ Initializes the DirectPlay Client object
'/ </summary>
Private Sub InitDirectPlay()
' Release any exising resources
If Not (m_Client Is Nothing) Then
m_Client.Dispose()
End If
' Create a new DirectPlay Client object
m_Client = New Microsoft.DirectX.DirectPlay.Client()
' Add handlers for DirectPlay events
AddHandler m_Client.FindHostResponse, AddressOf FindHostResponseHandler
AddHandler m_Client.Receive, AddressOf ReceiveHandler
AddHandler m_Client.SessionTerminated, AddressOf SessionTerminatedHandler
m_Connection = ConnectionType.Disconnected
End Sub 'InitDirectPlay
'/ <summary>
'/ Event handler for the DirectPlay FindHostResponse message
'/ </summary>
Public Sub FindHostResponseHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal args As FindHostResponseEventArgs)
Dim Node As New HostInfo()
Node.GuidInstance = args.Message.ApplicationDescription.GuidInstance
Node.HostAddress = CType(args.Message.AddressSender.Clone(), Address)
Node.SessionName = args.Message.ApplicationDescription.SessionName
' If he haven't already seen this host, add the detected session
' to the stored list
If Not FoundSessions.Contains(Node) Then
FoundSessions.Add(Node)
End If
End Sub 'FindHostResponseHandler
'/ <summary>
'/ Handler for incoming DirectPlay Receive events
'/ </summary>
Public Sub ReceiveHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal args As ReceiveEventArgs)
If m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled Then
' Read the incoming chat message. Since network data is always
' broken down into raw bytes for transfer, the sent object must
' be rebuilt. The NetworkPacket class contains methods to
' easily send and receive unicode strings, but this sample
' manually decodes the string for compatibility with the C++
' tutorials. The data is first read into a byte array, then Unicode
' decoded, and finally added to our list of received messages.
Dim packet As NetworkPacket = args.Message.ReceiveData
Dim data As Byte() = CType(packet.Read(GetType(Byte), packet.Length), Byte())
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Add(Encoding.Unicode.GetString(data))
End If
End Sub 'ReceiveHandler
'/ <summary>
'/ Handler for incoming DirectPlay SessionTerminated events
'/ </summary>
Public Sub SessionTerminatedHandler(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal args As SessionTerminatedEventArgs)
MessageBox.Show(m_Form, "Connect lost or host terminated session", "DirectPlay Tutorial")
m_Connection = ConnectionType.Disconnected
UpdateUI()
End Sub 'SessionTerminatedHandler
'/ <summary>
'/ Find all sessions at the given host address
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="hostname">IP address or hostname to search</param>
'/ <param name="port">Remote port to search</param>
Public Sub EnumerateSessions(ByVal hostname As String, ByVal port As Integer)
' Set the desired search options
Dim HostAddress As New Address()
HostAddress.ServiceProvider = Address.ServiceProviderTcpIp
If hostname.Length > 0 Then
HostAddress.AddComponent("hostname", hostname)
End If
If port > 0 Then
HostAddress.AddComponent("port", port)
End If
Dim AppDesc As New ApplicationDescription()
AppDesc.GuidApplication = m_AppGuid
' Find all sessions hosted at the given address. When a session is
' found, DirectPlay calls our FindHostResponse delegate. Since we're
' passing in the "Sync" flag, Connect will block until the search
' timeout has expired.
Try
m_Client.FindHosts(AppDesc, HostAddress, m_LocalAddress, Nothing, 0, 0, 0, FindHostsFlags.Sync) ' Application description
' Host address
' Local device address
' Enumeration data
' Enumeration count (using default)
' Retry interval (using default)
' Timeout (using default)
' Flags
Catch ex As Exception
m_Form.ShowException(ex, "FindHosts", True)
m_Form.Dispose()
Return
End Try
End Sub 'EnumerateSessions
'/ <summary>
'/ Connect to the currently selected session
'/ </summary>
Public Sub ConnectToSession()
' Display connection dialog
Dim dialog As New ConnectDialog(Me)
dialog.RemotePort = DefaultPort
If DialogResult.Cancel = dialog.ShowDialog() Then
Return
End If
' Update the UI
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Connecting..."
m_Form.Update()
' Store connection dialog choices
Dim SelectedHost As HostInfo = dialog.SelectedHost
If SelectedHost Is Nothing Then
Return
End If
' Create an application description object to hold the desired
' host's instance guid.
Dim appDesc As New ApplicationDescription()
appDesc.GuidInstance = SelectedHost.GuidInstance
' Attempt to connect to the selected DirectPlay session. Once we
' are connected to the session, we will receive DirectPlay messages
' about session events (like players joining/exiting and received game
' data). Since we're passing in the "Sync" flag, the Connect call will
' block until the session is connected or the timeout expires.
Try
m_Client.Connect(appDesc, SelectedHost.HostAddress, m_LocalAddress, Nothing, ConnectFlags.Sync) ' Application description
' Host address
' Local device address
' User connection data (none)
' Flags
m_SessionName = SelectedHost.SessionName
m_Connection = ConnectionType.Connected
Catch ex As Exception
m_Form.ShowException(ex, "Connect", False)
Return
End Try
End Sub 'ConnectToSession
'/ <summary>
'/ Sends the current outgoing chat string to all connected players
'/ </summary>
Public Sub SendData()
' Create a network packet object to which we can write our chat message.
' For compatibility with the current C++ tutorials, the unicode text
' will be encoded as a null-terminated string for network transfer, as
' opposed to the .NET convention of string length followed by characters;
' however, there are no limits on how the data can be formatted since
' all data is received as a raw byte array.
Dim packet As New NetworkPacket()
packet.Write(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(m_Form.SendTextBox.Text))
' Now that all the outgoing data has been encoded to a network
' packet, the DirectPlay send method can be called. Since in a
' client/server topology, all data is sent between server and
' clients, there is no need to specify a destination player.
m_Client.Send(packet, 0, SendFlags.Sync Or SendFlags.NoLoopback) ' Outgoing data
' Timeout (default)
' Flags
m_Form.SendTextBox.Text = ""
End Sub 'SendData
'/ <summary>
'/ Terminate or disconnect from the session.
'/ </summary>
Public Sub Disconnect()
' Disconnect by closing the current client and opening
' a new one.
InitDirectPlay()
UpdateUI()
End Sub 'Disconnect
'/ <summary>
'/ Verify the given service provider if found in the enumerated list
'/ of installed providers on this computer.
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="provider">Guid of the provider to search for</param>
'/ <returns>true if the given provider is found</returns>
Private Function IsServiceProviderValid(ByVal provider As Guid) As Boolean
' Ask DirectPlay for the service provider list
Dim SPInfoArray As ServiceProviderInformation() = m_Client.GetServiceProviders(True)
' For each service provider in the returned list...
Dim info As ServiceProviderInformation
For Each info In SPInfoArray
' Compare the current provider against the passed provider
If info.Guid.Equals(provider) Then
Return True
End If
Next info
' Not found
Return False
End Function 'IsServiceProviderValid
'/ <summary>
'/ Update visual elements according to current state
'/ </summary>
Public Sub UpdateUI()
' Flush the incoming/outgoing messages box
m_Form.SendTextBox.Text = ""
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Clear()
' Set UI elements based on current connection state
Select Case m_Connection
Case ConnectionType.Connected
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Connected to session """ + m_SessionName + """"
m_Form.ConnectButton.Text = "&Disconnect"
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled = True
m_Form.SendTextBox.Enabled = True
m_Form.SendButton.Enabled = True
Case ConnectionType.Disconnected
m_Form.SessionStatusLabel.Text = "Not connected to a session"
m_Form.ConnectButton.Text = "&Connect..."
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Items.Add("You must first connect to a session.")
m_Form.ReceivedMessagesListBox.Enabled = False
m_Form.SendTextBox.Enabled = False
m_Form.SendButton.Enabled = False
End Select
End Sub 'UpdateUI
'/ <summary>
'/ Handles program cleanup
'/ </summary>
Protected Overridable Overloads Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
If Not (m_Client Is Nothing) And Not m_Client.Disposed Then
m_Client.Dispose()
End If
End Sub 'Dispose
'/ <summary>
'/ The main entry point for the application.
'/ </summary>
Public Shared Sub
' Create the main application object
Dim App As New ClientApp()
' Start the form's message loop
If Not App.m_Form.IsDisposed Then
Application.Run(App.m_Form)
End If
' Release resources
App.Dispose()
End Sub '
End Class 'ClientApp
End Namespace 'Tut09_Client
