效果:
1、 鼠标放上去会有半透明遮罩、右边会有大图片局部图
2、 鼠标移动时右边的大图片也会局部移动
放大镜的关键原理:
鼠标在小图片上移动时,通过捕捉鼠标在小图片上的位置,定位大图片的相应位置;
放大镜的移动方向和大图片的移动方向:横向和纵向都是相反,才可以保证同步;
页面元素:
技术点:事件捕获,定位
难点:计算
需要元素:小图片和大图片,存放小图片和大图片的容器,有一个放大镜;
涉及到的技术点:
(1) 鼠标事件的捕获:onmouseover(进入)、onmouseout(移除)、onmousemove(移动)
(2) offsetLeft、offsetTop、offsetWidth、offsetHeight、event.clientX、event.clientY
- offsetLeft子元素相对于父元素的左位移
- offsetWidth,offsetHeight一个元素的宽度和高度,宽度和高度是不包括滚动条的。
event.clientX、event.clientY鼠标的X轴和Y轴,相对于整个页面的坐标,而不是子元素
- offsetLeft和style.left对比:
(1)、style.left返回的是字符串,如30px、offsetLeft返回的是数值30;
(2)、style.left是可读写的,offsetLeft是只读的,所以要改变div的位置,只能修改style.left;
(3)、style.left的值需要事先定义,否则取到的值为空。
style.left只针对在HTML中写的值有效,样式表中无法定义style.left;
制作放大镜所需要的计算
》重点:如何让小图片上的放大镜和大图片同步移动
关键:小图片的比例和大图片的比例是一样的,放大镜比例和右侧大的容器比例是一样的;他们之间的比例是相同的
移动时的比例计算:
放大镜核心计算公式:
编码步骤:
var objDemo=document.getElementById("demo"); var objSmallBox=document.getElementById("small-box"); var objMarkBox=document.getElementById("mark"); var objFloatBox=document.getElementById("float-box"); var objBigBox=document.getElementById("big-box"); var objBigBoxImg=objBigBox.getElementsByTagName("img")[0]; objSmallBox.onmouseover=function(){ objFloatBox.style.display="block"; objBigBox.style.display="block"; } //移除:浮动的box和bigBox隐藏 objSmallBox.onmouseout=function(){ objFloatBox.style.display="none"; objBigBox.style.display="none"; } objSmallBox.onmousemove=function(ev){ var _event=ev; //1.第一件事,跟随鼠标的位置来计算放大镜的位置 //计算值: var left=_event.clientX-objDemo.offsetLeft-objSmallBox.offsetLeft-objFloatBox.offsetWidth/2; var top=_event.clientY-objDemo.offsetTop-objSmallBox.offsetTop-objFloatBox.offsetHeight/2; //把值赋值给放大镜 objFloatBox.style.left=left+"px"; objFloatBox.style.top=top+"px"; objBigBoxImg.style.left=-percentX*(objBigBoxImg.offsetWidth-objBigBox.offsetWidth)+"px"; objBigBoxImg.style.top=-percentY*(objBigBoxImg.offsetHeight-objBigBox.offsetHeight)+"px";) if(left<0) left=0; if(top<0) top=0; if(left>objSmallBox.offsetWidth-objFloatBox.offsetWidth) left=objSmallBox.offsetWidth-objFloatBox.offsetWidth; if(top>objSmallBox.offsetHeight-objFloatBox.offsetHeight) top=objSmallBox.offsetHeight-objFloatBox.offsetHeight;
<div id="demo"> <div id="small-box"> <div id="mark"></div> <div id="float-box"></div> <img src="imgs/macbook-small.jpg"/> </div> <div id="big-box"> <img src="imgs/macbook-big.jpg"/> </div> </div>
<style> * { margin: 0; padding: 0 } #demo { display: block; width: 400px; height: 255px; margin: 50px; position: relative; border: 1px solid #ccc; } #small-box { position: relative; z-index: 1; } #float-box { display: none; width: 160px; height: 120px; position: absolute; background: #ffffcc; border: 1px solid #ccc; filter: alpha(opacity=50); opacity: 0.5; } #mark {/*应该是把图片放在这个上面,它的透明度为0,是个block*/ position: absolute; display: block; width: 400px; height: 255px; filter: alpha(opacity=0);/*过滤器,目前只有少数浏览器支持*/ opacity: 0; z-index: 10; } #big-box { display: none; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 460px; width: 400px; height: 300px; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #ccc; z-index: 1;; } #big-box img { position: absolute; z-index: 5 } </style>
完整源代码:
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>放大镜</title> <style> * { margin: 0; padding: 0 } #demo { display: block; width: 400px; height: 255px; margin: 50px; position: relative; border: 1px solid #ccc; } #small-box { position: relative; z-index: 1; } #float-box { display: none; width: 160px; height: 120px; position: absolute; background: #ffffcc; border: 1px solid #ccc; filter: alpha(opacity=50); opacity: 0.5; } #mark {/*应该是把图片放在这个上面,它的透明度为0,是个block*/ position: absolute; display: block; width: 400px; height: 255px; background-color: #fff; filter: alpha(opacity=0);/*过滤器,目前只有少数浏览器支持*/ opacity: 0; z-index: 10; } #big-box { display: none; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 460px; width: 400px; height: 300px; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid #ccc; z-index: 1;; } #big-box img { position: absolute; z-index: 5 } </style> <script> //页面加载完毕后执行 window.onload = function () { //找六个个元素:demo,smallBox,foatBox,mark,bigfloatBox,imgs, var objDemo=document.getElementById("demo"); var objSmallBox=document.getElementById("small-box"); var objMarkBox=document.getElementById("mark"); var objFloatBox=document.getElementById("float-box"); var objBigBox=document.getElementById("big-box"); var objBigBoxImg=objBigBox.getElementsByTagName("img")[0]; //给小盒子添加事件,移入和移出 //移入:浮动的box和和bigBox显示 objSmallBox.onmouseover=function(){ objFloatBox.style.display="block"; objBigBox.style.display="block"; } //移除:浮动的box和bigBox隐藏 objSmallBox.onmouseout=function(){ objFloatBox.style.display="none"; objBigBox.style.display="none"; } //给小盒子添加鼠标移动事件 objMarkBox.onmousemove=function(ev){ var _event=ev||window.event;//做兼容性,兼容IE //1计算值: var left=_event.clientX-objDemo.offsetLeft-objSmallBox.offsetLeft-objFloatBox.offsetWidth/2; var top=_event.clientY-objDemo.offsetTop-objSmallBox.offsetTop-objFloatBox.offsetHeight/2; //5.优化,在前面加判断,不让其溢出,加判断 if(left<0) left=0; if(top<0) top=0; if(left>objSmallBox.offsetWidth-objFloatBox.offsetWidth) left=objSmallBox.offsetWidth-objFloatBox.offsetWidth; if(top>objSmallBox.offsetHeight-objFloatBox.offsetHeight) top=objSmallBox.offsetHeight-objFloatBox.offsetHeight; //2把值赋值给放大镜 objFloatBox.style.left=left+"px"; objFloatBox.style.top=top+"px"; //3计算比例 var percentX=left/(objMarkBox.offsetWidth-objFloatBox.offsetWidth); var percentY=top/(objMarkBox.offsetHeight-objFloatBox.offsetHeight); //4利用这个比例计算距离后赋值给右侧的图片 objBigBoxImg.style.left=-percentX*(objBigBoxImg.offsetWidth-objBigBox.offsetWidth)+"px"; objBigBoxImg.style.top=-percentY*(objBigBoxImg.offsetHeight-objBigBox.offsetHeight)+"px"; } } </script> </head> <body> <div id="demo"> <div id="small-box"> <div id="mark"></div> <div id="float-box"></div> <img src="imgs/macbook-small.jpg"/> </div> <div id="big-box"> <img src="imgs/macbook-big.jpg"/> </div> </div> </body> </html>