Emacs开发Java
前言
笔 者把多年UBuntu上用Emacs和Maven开发Java应用（包括TestNG和Web application)的技巧总结出来，希望对有志于Linux开发的朋友有帮助。我并不反对用IDE开发，但是很多时候，Emacs能够带来更快的速 度（同时对机器硬件要求也很小），对Java工程的更透彻了解，更容易和开源领域的工程师交流。我还不怎么喜欢用鼠标，Emacs让我能够解放我的右手。
安装
1.确保你已经安装了JDK
2.确保你安装了Maven
3.安装Emacs:sudo apt-get install emacs
4.下载jdee-bin-2.4.0.1.zip和依赖文件elib-1.0.zip,地址在这里：http://sourceforge.net/projects/jdee/files/
5.将两个文件解压到/opt/emacs_plugins/目录下面
6.还需要下载ecb-2.40和ecb.el，也放在emacs_plugins目录下
7.下载javadoc-help的javadoc-help.el文件放在/opt/emacs_plugins/java目录下面 http://javadochelp.sourceforge.net/
配置.emacs
指定jdk
- '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29"))))
配置JDEE
- '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29"))))
- ;;JDEE configuration
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp"))
- (load-file "/opt/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0pre7/common/cedet.el")
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40"))
- ;;(add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/jde-jalopy"))
- (load-file (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el"))
- (require 'font-lock)
- (require 'ecb)
- (require 'ecb-autoloads)
- (require 'jde)
- (custom-set-variables
- '(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic))
- '(browse-url-generic-program "chromium-browser")
- '(column-number-mode t)
- '(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu))
- '(jde-debugger (quote ("jdb")))
- '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "/usr/jdk1.6.0_29"))))
- '(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t)
- '(jde-run-option-debug (quote ("Server" "Socket" "javadebug" nil "5005" t))))
查看API文档
可惜的是javadoc-helper不能检索jdk文档。自己在浏览器里面保留一个书签代替吧。- ;; Java document support
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "/opt/emacs_plugins/java"))
- (require 'javadoc-help)
- (javadoc-set-predefined-urls '("/opt/java_docs/common-cache-1.0.0-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/commons-codec-1.4-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/commons-logging-1.1.1-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/ehcache-server-1.0.0-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/gson-1.7.1-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/jcommander-1.12-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/jersey-apache-client-1.9.1-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/jersey-client-1.9.1-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/jersey-core-1.9.1-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/joda-time-1.6.2-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/junit-4.8.2-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/logback-classic-1.0.0-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/logback-core-1.0.0-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/lombok-0.10.4-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/mongo-java-driver-2.7.2-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/mybatis-3.0.5-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/slf4j-api-1.6.4-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/snakeyaml-1.6-javadoc"
- "/opt/java_docs/testng-6.1.1-javadoc"))
- (global-set-key [(f1)] 'javadoc-lookup) ; F1 to lookup
- (global-set-key [(shift f1)] 'javadoc-help) ; Shift-F1 to bring up menu
注意，上面的文档目录都是自己从互联网上下载的，如果使用maven构建项目，可以很方便的用一个脚本文件将文件jar包下载下来，并且复制到/opt/java_docs/目录下。
- mvn clean
- mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=javadoc
- rm -rf /opt/java_docs
- mkdir /opt/java_docs
- cp $(find ~/.m2/repository/ -name *javadoc.jar) /opt/java_docs/
下面这个脚本可以帮助我把所有jar文件解压到同名目录下。
- #!bin/sh
- path=/opt/java_docs
- for f in $(ls $path/*.jar);
- do
- name=`basename $f`
- name2=`echo $name | sed 's/\.jar//g'`
- echo $name2
- mkdir $path/$name2
- cd $path/$name2
- jar xvf $path/$name
- done
- rm -f *.jar
这个脚本可以生成需要配置的目录路径，用在.emacs中。
- path=/opt/java_docs
- for f in $(ls $path/);
- do
- name=`basename $f`
- echo \"/opt/java_docs/$name\"
- done
配置工程文件
为每一个Maven工程目录里面创建一个prj.el文件。下面的是一个例子。/opt/jdk_src的jdk源代码文件是从jdk目录的src.zip解压而来。
jde-global-classpath里面列出了本项目使用的jar包。注意是绝对路径。
'(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "5005"))) 指的是远程调试的连接端口，后面调试一节再细讲。
'jde-sourcepath 里面指定了源代码路径
手动配置这些东西的确有点麻烦，将来可以学点lisp编程，在Emacs里面自动产生这个文件。先凑合着用吧。
- (jde-project-file-version "1.0")
- (jde-set-variables
- '(jde-db-source-directoiries "/opt/jdk_src")
- '(jde-global-classpath (quote ("./target/classes"
- "./target/test-classes"
- "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/joda-time/joda-time/1.6.2/joda-time-1.6.2.jar"
- "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-client/1.9.1/jersey-client-1.9.1.jar"
- "/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/org/testng/testng/6.0.1/testng-6.0.1.jar")))
- '(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "5005")))
- '(jde-sourcepath (quote ("./src/main/java/com/freebird/business"
- "./src/test/java/com/freebird/test"
- ))))
Windows7 下的配置
最后附一个windows7的配置，当时整了好久，早算cedet不报错，勉强能用。
- (setq debug-on-error t)
- (global-set-key [f5] (lambda() (interactive) (revert-buffer t t)))
- (setq c-basic-offset 4)
- (show-paren-mode)
- ;;JDEE configuration
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common"))
- (load-file "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common/cedet.el")
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/semantic"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/eieio"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/speedbar"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0"))
- (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40"))
- (load-file (expand-file-name "c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el"))
- (require 'font-lock)
- (require 'ecb)
- (require 'ecb-autoloads)
- (require 'jde)
- (custom-set-variables
- '(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic))
- '(browse-url-generic-program "chromium-browser")
- '(column-number-mode t)
- '(jde-gen-buffer-boilerplate (quote (nil "////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- //Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Esri
- // Esri (Beijing) Software Research and Development Center
- //
- // All rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.
- ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////")))
- '(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu))
- '(jde-debugger (quote ("jdb")))
- '(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil "9009")))
- '(jde-jdk-registry (quote (("1.6.0_29" . "C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_29"))))
- '(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t)
- '(jde-run-option-debug (quote ("Server" "Socket" "javadebug" nil "5005" t))))
- (setq tab-width 4)
- (setq c-basic-offset 2)
由于公司规定，里面增加了开发用的文件头的说明。
