前言:
很多朋友想学ceph,但是开始ceph部署就让初学者举步为艰,ceph部署时由于国外源的问题(具体大家应该懂得),下载和安装软件便会卡住,停止不前。即使配置搭建了国内源后,执行ceph-deploy install 时又跑去了国外的源下载,很是无语呀!!!这样导致我们停下了学习ceph的脚步,所以笔者就在这里编写了这篇文章,只要掌握了通过国内源找到并下载对应正确的ceph版本rpm包到本地,部署ceph简直小意思!
一、部署准备:
准备5台机器(linux系统为centos7.6版本),当然也可以至少3台机器并充当部署节点和客户端,可以与ceph节点共用:
1台部署节点(配一块硬盘,运行ceph-depoly)
3台ceph节点(配两块硬盘,第一块为系统盘并运行mon,第二块作为osd数据盘)
1台客户端(可以使用ceph提供的文件系统,块存储,对象存储)
(1)所有ceph集群节点(包括客户端)设置静态域名解析;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 172.16.254.163 dlp 172.16.254.64 node1 172.16.254.65 node2 172.16.254.66 node3 172.16.254.63 controller |
(2)所有集群节点(包括客户端)创建cent用户,并设置密码,后执行如下命令:
1
2
3
|
useradd cent && echo "123" | passwd --stdin cent echo -e 'Defaults:cent !requiretty\ncent ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL' | tee /etc/sudoers.d/ceph chmod 440 /etc/sudoers.d/ceph |
(3)在部署节点切换为cent用户,设置无密钥登陆各节点包括客户端节点
1
2
3
4
5
|
ceph@dlp15:17:01~ #ssh-keygen ceph@dlp15:17:01~ #ssh-copy-id con1 ceph@dlp15:17:01~ #ssh-copy-id con2 ceph@dlp15:17:01~ #ssh-copy-id con3 ceph@dlp15:17:01~ #ssh-copy-id controller |
(4)在部署节点切换为cent用户,在cent用户家目录,设置如下文件:vi~/.ssh/config# create new ( define all nodes and users )
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
Host dlp Hostname dlp User cent Host node1 Hostname node1 User cent Host node2 Hostname node2 User cent Host node3 Hostname node3 User cent chmod 600 ~/. ssh /config |
二、所有节点配置国内ceph源:
(1)all-node(包括客户端)在/etc/yum.repos.d/创建 ceph-yunwei.repo
1
2
3
4
5
|
[ceph-yunwei] name=ceph-yunwei-install baseurl=https: //mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/storage/x86_64/ceph-jewel/ enable=1 gpgcheck=0 |
或者也可以将如上内容添加到现有的 CentOS-Base.repo 中。
(2)到国内ceph源中https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.6.1810/storage/x86_64/ceph-jewel/下载如下所需rpm包。注意:红色框中为ceph-deploy的rpm,只需要在部署节点安装,下载需要到https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/noarch/中找到最新对应的ceph-deploy-xxxxx.noarch.rpm 下载
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
|
ceph-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph- base -10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-common-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm ceph-devel-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm cephfs-java-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-libs-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-mds-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-mon-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-osd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-radosgw-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-resource-agents-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-selinux-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-test-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs_jni1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs_jni1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librados2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librados2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libradosstriper1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libradosstriper1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librbd1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librbd1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librgw2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librgw2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-ceph-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-cephfs-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-rados-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-rbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-mirror-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-nbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm |
(3)将下载好的rpm拷贝到所有节点,并安装。注意ceph-deploy-xxxxx.noarch.rpm 只有部署节点用到,其他节点不需要,部署节点也需要安装其余的rpm
(4)在部署节点(cent用户下执行):安装 ceph-deploy,在root用户下,进入下载好的rpm包目录,执行:
1
|
yum localinstall -y ./* |
(或者sudo yum install ceph-deploy)
创建ceph工作目录
1
|
mkdir ceph && cd ceph |
注意:如遇到如下报错:

处理办法1:
可能不能安装成功,报如下问题:将python-distribute remove 再进行安装(或者 yum remove python-setuptools -y)

注意:如果不是安装上述方法添加的rpm,用的是网络源,每个节点必须yum install ceph ceph-radosgw -y
正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 python2-setuptools.noarch.0.22.0.5-1.el7 将被 安装 --> 解决依赖关系完成 依赖关系解决 ============================================================================================================================= Package 架构 版本 源 大小 ============================================================================================================================= 正在安装: python2-setuptools noarch 22.0.5-1.el7 openstack-ocata 485 k 事务概要 ============================================================================================================================= 安装 1 软件包 总下载量:485 k 安装大小:1.8 M Downloading packages: python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch.rpm | 485 kB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 正在安装 : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 1/1 验证中 : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 1/1 已安装: python2-setuptools.noarch 0:22.0.5-1.el7 完毕!root@bushu12:22:12~/cephjrpm# yum localinstall ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm -y
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
正在检查 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm: ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch
ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 ceph-deploy.noarch.0.1.5.39-0 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-distribute,它被软件包 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 需要
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
软件包 python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch 被已安装的 python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 取代
--> 解决依赖关系完成
错误:软件包:ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch (/ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch)
需要:python-distribute
可用: python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch (base)
python-distribute = 0.9.8-7.el7
您可以尝试添加 --skip-broken 选项来解决该问题
您可以尝试执行:rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
删除:python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch
root@bushu12:25:30~/cephjrpm# yum remove python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch -y
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 python2-setuptools.noarch.0.22.0.5-1.el7 将被 删除
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
=============================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=============================================================================================================================
正在删除:
python2-setuptools noarch 22.0.5-1.el7 @openstack-ocata 1.8 M
事务概要
=============================================================================================================================
移除 1 软件包
安装大小:1.8 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在删除 : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 1/1
验证中 : python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch 1/1
删除:
python2-setuptools.noarch 0:22.0.5-1.el7
完毕!
因为目前的源用的是上面黄色标记openstack-ocata源,安装版本就成了python2-setuptools-22.0.5-1.el7.noarch,所以修改yum源后,只要保证安装 python-setuptools 版本是 0.9.8-7.el7 就可以通过了,如下把openstack-ocata 源移走或者删除:
root@dlp10:30:02/etc/yum.repos.d# mv rdo-release-yunwei.repo old/
root@dlp10:30:11/etc/yum.repos.d# ls
Centos7-Base-yunwei.repo ceph-yunwei.repo epel-testing.repo old
ceph.repo epel.repo epel-yunwei.repo
root@dlp10:30:11/etc/yum.repos.d#
root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d#
root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d# yum clean all
root@dlp10:30:12/etc/yum.repos.d# yum makecache
root@bushu12:25:30~/cephjrpm# yum localinstall ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm -y
已加载插件:fastestmirror, langpacks
正在检查 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm: ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch
ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 ceph-deploy.noarch.0.1.5.39-0 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-distribute,它被软件包 ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 需要
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 python-setuptools.noarch.0.0.9.8-7.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
=============================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=============================================================================================================================
正在安装:
ceph-deploy noarch 1.5.39-0 /ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 1.3 M
为依赖而安装:
python-setuptools noarch 0.9.8-7.el7 base 397 k
事务概要
=============================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)
总计:1.6 M
总下载量:397 k
安装大小:3.2 M
Downloading packages:
python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm | 397 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch 1/2
正在安装 : ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 2/2
验证中 : ceph-deploy-1.5.39-0.noarch 1/2
验证中 : python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch 2/2
已安装:
ceph-deploy.noarch 0:1.5.39-0
作为依赖被安装:
python-setuptools.noarch 0:0.9.8-7.el7
完毕!
查看版本:
root@bushu12:55:58~/cephjrpm#ceph -v
ceph version 10.2.11 (e4b061b47f07f583c92a050d9e84b1813a35671e)
(5)在部署节点(cent用户下执行):配置新集群
1
2
3
|
ceph-deploy new node1 node2 node3 vim ./ceph.conf 添加:<br>osd_pool_default_size = 1<br>osd_pool_default_min_size = 1<br>mon_clock_drift_allowed = 2<br>mon_clock_drift_warn_backoff = 3 |
可选参数如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
|
public_network = 192.168.254.0/24 cluster_network = 172.16.254.0/24 osd_pool_default_size = 3 osd_pool_default_min_size = 1 osd_pool_default_pg_num = 8 osd_pool_default_pgp_num = 8 osd_crush_chooseleaf_type = 1 [mon] mon_clock_drift_allowed = 0.5 [osd] osd_mkfs_type = xfs osd_mkfs_options_xfs = -f filestore_max_sync_interval = 5 filestore_min_sync_interval = 0.1 filestore_fd_cache_size = 655350 filestore_omap_header_cache_size = 655350 filestore_fd_cache_random = true osd op threads = 8 osd disk threads = 4 filestore op threads = 8 max_open_files = 655350 |
(6)在部署节点执行(cent用户下执行):所有节点安装ceph软件
所有节点有如下软件包:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
root@rab116:13:59~/cephjrpm#ls ceph-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-resource-agents-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librbd1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph- base -10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-selinux-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librbd1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-common-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-test-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librgw2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-devel-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librgw2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm cephfs-java-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-ceph-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs_jni1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-cephfs-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-libs-compat-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libcephfs_jni1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-rados-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-mds-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librados2-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm python-rbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-mon-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm librados2-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-fuse-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-osd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libradosstriper1-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-mirror-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm ceph-radosgw-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm libradosstriper1-devel-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm rbd-nbd-10.2.11-0.el7.x86_64.rpm |
所有节点安装上述软件包(包括客户端):
1
|
yum localinstall ./* -y |
(7)在部署节点执行,所有节点安装ceph软件
1
|
ceph-deploy install dlp node1 node2 node3 |
(8)在部署节点初始化集群(cent用户下执行):
1
|
ceph-deploy mon create-initial |
(9)在osd节点prepare Object Storage Daemon :
1
|
mkdir /data && chown ceph.ceph /data |

(10)每个节点将第二块硬盘做分区,并格式化为xfs文件系统挂载到/data:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
root@con116:45:22/#fdisk /dev/vdb root@con116:45:22/#lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT vda 252:0 0 40G 0 disk ├─vda1 252:1 0 512M 0 part /boot └─vda2 252:2 0 39.5G 0 part ├─cl-root 253:0 0 35.5G 0 lvm / └─cl-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP] vdb 252:16 0 10G 0 disk └─vdb1 252:17 0 10G 0 part root@rab116:54:35/#mkfs -t xfs /dev/vdb1 root@rab116:54:50/#mount /dev/vdb1 /data/ root@rab116:56:39/#lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT vda 252:0 0 40G 0 disk ├─vda1 252:1 0 512M 0 part /boot └─vda2 252:2 0 39.5G 0 part ├─cl-root 253:0 0 35.5G 0 lvm / └─cl-swap 253:1 0 4G 0 lvm [SWAP] vdb 252:16 0 10G 0 disk └─vdb1 252:17 0 10G 0 part /data |
(11)在/data/下面创建osd挂载目录:
1
2
3
4
|
mkdir /data/osd chown -R ceph.ceph /data/ chmod 750 /data/osd/ ln -s /data/osd / var /lib/ceph |
注意:准备前先将硬盘做文件系统 xfs,挂载到/var/lib/ceph/osd,并且注意属主和属主为ceph:
列出节点磁盘:ceph-deploy disk list node1
擦净节点磁盘:ceph-deploy disk zap node1:/dev/vdb1
(12)准备Object Storage Daemon:
1
|
ceph-deploy osd prepare node1:/ var /lib/ceph/osd node2:/ var /lib/ceph/osd node3:/ var /lib/ceph/osd |
(13)激活Object Storage Daemon:
1
|
ceph-deploy osd activate node1:/ var /lib/ceph/osd node2:/ var /lib/ceph/osd node3:/ var /lib/ceph/osd |
(14)在部署节点transfer config files
1
2
|
ceph-deploy admin dlp node1 node2 node3 sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring |
(15)在ceph集群中任意节点检测:
1
|
ceph -s |

三、客户端设置:
(1)客户端也要有cent用户:
1
2
3
|
useradd cent && echo "123" | passwd --stdin cent echo-e 'Defaults:cent !requiretty\ncent ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL' | tee /etc/sudoers.d/ceph chmod440 /etc/sudoers.d/ceph |
在部署节点执行,安装ceph客户端及设置:
1
2
|
ceph-deploy install controller ceph-deploy admin controller |
(2)客户端执行
1
|
sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring |
(3)客户端执行,块设备rdb配置:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
创建rbd:rbd create disk01 --size 10G --image-feature layering 删除:rbd rm disk01 列示rbd:rbd ls -l 映射rbd的image map:sudo rbd map disk01 取消映射:sudo rbd unmap disk01 显示map:rbd showmapped 格式化disk01文件系统xfs:sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/rbd0 挂载硬盘:sudo mount /dev/rbd0 /mnt 验证是否挂着成功:df -hT |
(4)File System配置:
在部署节点执行,选择一个node来创建MDS:
1
|
ceph-deploy mds create node1 |
以下操作在node1上执行:
1
|
sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring |
在MDS节点node1上创建 cephfs_data 和 cephfs_metadata 的 pool
1
2
|
ceph osd pool create cephfs_data 128 ceph osd pool create cephfs_metadata 128 |
开启pool:
1
|
ceph fs new cephfs cephfs_metadata cephfs_data |
显示ceph fs:
1
2
|
ceph fs ls ceph mds stat |
以下操作在客户端执行,安装ceph-fuse:
1
|
yum -y install ceph-fuse |
获取admin key:
1
2
|
sshcent@node1 "sudo ceph-authtool -p /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring" > admin.key chmod600 admin.key |
挂载ceph-fs:
1
2
|
mount-t ceph node1:6789:/ /mnt -o name=admin,secretfile=admin.key df-hT |
停止ceph-mds服务:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
systemctl stop ceph-mds@node1 ceph mds fail 0 ceph fs rm cephfs --yes-i-really-mean-it ceph osd lspools 显示结果:0 rbd,1 cephfs_data,2 cephfs_metadata, ceph osd pool rm cephfs_metadata cephfs_metadata --yes-i-really-really-mean-it |
四、删除环境:
1
2
3
4
|
ceph-deploy purge dlp node1 node2 node3 controller ceph-deploy purgedata dlp node1 node2 node3 controller ceph-deploy forgetkeys rm -rf ceph* |
【推荐】编程新体验,更懂你的AI,立即体验豆包MarsCode编程助手
【推荐】凌霞软件回馈社区,博客园 & 1Panel & Halo 联合会员上线
【推荐】抖音旗下AI助手豆包,你的智能百科全书,全免费不限次数
【推荐】博客园社区专享云产品让利特惠,阿里云新客6.5折上折
【推荐】轻量又高性能的 SSH 工具 IShell:AI 加持,快人一步
· 一个费力不讨好的项目,让我损失了近一半的绩效!
· 清华大学推出第四讲使用 DeepSeek + DeepResearch 让科研像聊天一样简单!
· 实操Deepseek接入个人知识库
· CSnakes vs Python.NET:高效嵌入与灵活互通的跨语言方案对比
· Plotly.NET 一个为 .NET 打造的强大开源交互式图表库