1.日期与时间
➜ ~ date 2015年 8月25日 星期二 16时29分30秒 CST ➜ ~
date格式化输出为
➜ ~ date +%Y%m%d 20150825 ➜ ~ date +%Y/%m/%d 2015/08/25 ➜ ~ date +%H:%M 16:39 ➜ ~
2.显示系统字符集
➜ ~ echo $LANG zh_CN.UTF-8 ➜ ~
修改字符集为UTF-8字符集,并查看字符集
➜ ~ LANG=UTF-8 ➜ ~ echo $LANG UTF-8 ➜ ~
注:这种修改方式仅是修改本次登录的字符集,注销以后就会恢复为本来的字符集。
3.显示日历
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
➜ ~ cal cal: setlocale: No such file or directory August 2015 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ➜ ~ cal 2015 cal: setlocale: No such file or directory 2015 January February March Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 31 April May June Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 26 27 28 29 30 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30 31 July August September Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 1 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 30 31 October November December Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 27 28 29 30 31 ➜ ~ cal 10 2015 cal: setlocale: No such file or directory October 2015 Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ➜ ~ cal 14 2015 cal: setlocale: No such file or directory cal: 14 is neither a month number (1..12) nor a name ➜ ~
4.计算器 bc
运算符: +加法 - 减法 * 乘法 / 除法 ^ 指数 % 余数
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
➜ ~ bc bc 1.06 Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. For details type `warranty'. 1-2 -1 1+2 3 2*3 6 4%3 1 10^2 100 10/100 0 quit ➜ ~
为什么10/100 的结果是0呢?这是因为bc预设仅输出整数,如果要输出小数点后面的数字,那么必须执行scale=number,那个number就是小数点位数。
➜ ~ bc bc 1.06 Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. For details type `warranty'. scale=4 1/4 .2500 9/2 4.5000 quit ➜ ~
5.[Tab]的命令补全和档案补齐
[Tab]接在一串指令的第一个字的后面,是命令补全;
➜ ~ caffeinate caffeinate calendar cap_mkdb case cat cal cancel captoinfo cask
[Tab]接在一串指令的第二个字以后时,是档案补齐。
➜ ~ ls -l Applications/ Applications/ Applications\ \(Parallels\)/
6.[Ctrl]-c按键
终端目前程序
7.直接按两次[tab]键,查看总共有多少指令
bash-3.2$ Display all 1479 possibilities? (y or n)
8.man page
指令后面括弧里面的代号含义: