深入理解SpringBoot之启动探究

　　SpringApplication是SpringBoot的启动程序，我们通过它的run方法可以快速启动一个SpringBoot应用。可是这里面到底发生了什么？它是处于什么样的机制简化我们程序启动的？接下来我们就带着这两个问题来揭开SpringBoot启动过程的神秘面纱。

一、基于Springframework的事件机制

　　事件是SpringBoot的启动核心之一。对于事件我想大家都不陌生，在javaAWT中事件是在常见不过的了。

1.1、JDK中的事件接口与类

　　首先我们看一下EventObject，这个类定义了一个事件，该类中的source属性可以用来表示事件源(哪个对象触发的事件)

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1996, 2003, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 */

package java.util;

/**
 * <p>
 * The root class from which all event state objects shall be derived.
 * <p>
 * All Events are constructed with a reference to the object, the "source",
 * that is logically deemed to be the object upon which the Event in question
 * initially occurred upon.
 *
 * @since JDK1.1
 */

public class EventObject implements java.io.Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 5516075349620653480L;

    /**
     * The object on which the Event initially occurred.
     */
    protected transient Object  source;

    /**
     * Constructs a prototypical Event.
     *
     * @param    source    The object on which the Event initially occurred.
     * @exception  IllegalArgumentException  if source is null.
     */
    public EventObject(Object source) {
        if (source == null)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("null source");

        this.source = source;
    }

    /**
     * The object on which the Event initially occurred.
     *
     * @return   The object on which the Event initially occurred.
     */
    public Object getSource() {
        return source;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a String representation of this EventObject.
     *
     * @return  A a String representation of this EventObject.
     */
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName() + "[source=" + source + "]";
    }
}

　　我们看一下在AWT中很经典的MouseEvent的类关系图：

　　其次我们需要了解一下关于事件监听的接口EventListener:

package java.util;

/**
 * A tagging interface that all event listener interfaces must extend.
 * @since JDK1.1
 */
public interface EventListener {
}

　　这个接口很简单，没有任何方法，但是JDK文档已经明确告诉我们：所有事件的监听必须继承此接口，那么我在贴出来一个MouseListener接口示例：

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1996, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 */

package java.awt.event;

import java.util.EventListener;

/**
 * The listener interface for receiving "interesting" mouse events
 * (press, release, click, enter, and exit) on a component.
 * (To track mouse moves and mouse drags, use the
 * <code>MouseMotionListener</code>.)
 * <P>
 * The class that is interested in processing a mouse event
 * either implements this interface (and all the methods it
 * contains) or extends the abstract <code>MouseAdapter</code> class
 * (overriding only the methods of interest).
 * <P>
 * The listener object created from that class is then registered with a
 * component using the component's <code>addMouseListener</code>
 * method. A mouse event is generated when the mouse is pressed, released
 * clicked (pressed and released). A mouse event is also generated when
 * the mouse cursor enters or leaves a component. When a mouse event
 * occurs, the relevant method in the listener object is invoked, and
 * the <code>MouseEvent</code> is passed to it.
 *
 * @author Carl Quinn
 *
 * @see MouseAdapter
 * @see MouseEvent
 * @see <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/events/mouselistener.html">Tutorial: Writing a Mouse Listener</a>
 *
 * @since 1.1
 */
public interface MouseListener extends EventListener {

    /**
     * Invoked when the mouse button has been clicked (pressed
     * and released) on a component.
     */
    public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a mouse button has been pressed on a component.
     */
    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when a mouse button has been released on a component.
     */
    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when the mouse enters a component.
     */
    public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e);

    /**
     * Invoked when the mouse exits a component.
     */
    public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e);
}

　　我们可以看到MouseListener继承了EventListener接口，接口中的方法参数都为MouseEvent。

1.2、spring中的事件类

　　Spring中也给我们提供了一套事件处理机制，其中几个较为关键的接口和类分别是:

　　　　ApplicationEvent

　　　　ApplicationListener

　　　　ApplicationEventPublisher

　　　　ApplicationEventMulticaster

　　下面我们来依次看一下这几个类与接口：

　　ApplicationEvent:

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context;

import java.util.EventObject;

/**
 * Class to be extended by all application events. Abstract as it
 * doesn't make sense for generic events to be published directly.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 */
public abstract class ApplicationEvent extends EventObject {

    /** use serialVersionUID from Spring 1.2 for interoperability */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7099057708183571937L;

    /** System time when the event happened */
    private final long timestamp;


    /**
     * Create a new ApplicationEvent.
     * @param source the object on which the event initially occurred (never {@code null})
     */
    public ApplicationEvent(Object source) {
        super(source);
        this.timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    }


    /**
     * Return the system time in milliseconds when the event happened.
     */
    public final long getTimestamp() {
        return this.timestamp;
    }

}

　　在这里我们可以明确看到该类直接继承EventObject

　　ApplicationListener:

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context;

import java.util.EventListener;

/**
 * Interface to be implemented by application event listeners.
 * Based on the standard {@code java.util.EventListener} interface
 * for the Observer design pattern.
 *
 * <p>As of Spring 3.0, an ApplicationListener can generically declare the event type
 * that it is interested in. When registered with a Spring ApplicationContext, events
 * will be filtered accordingly, with the listener getting invoked for matching event
 * objects only.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @param <E> the specific ApplicationEvent subclass to listen to
 * @see org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationEventMulticaster
 */
public interface ApplicationListener<E extends ApplicationEvent> extends EventListener {

    /**
     * Handle an application event.
     * @param event the event to respond to
     */
    void onApplicationEvent(E event);

}

　　我们可以看到该接口继承EventListener

　　ApplicationEventPublisher:

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2015 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context;

/**
 * Interface that encapsulates event publication functionality.
 * Serves as super-interface for {@link ApplicationContext}.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 1.1.1
 * @see ApplicationContext
 * @see ApplicationEventPublisherAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent
 * @see org.springframework.context.event.EventPublicationInterceptor
 */
public interface ApplicationEventPublisher {

    /**
     * Notify all <strong>matching</strong> listeners registered with this
     * application of an application event. Events may be framework events
     * (such as RequestHandledEvent) or application-specific events.
     * @param event the event to publish
     * @see org.springframework.web.context.support.RequestHandledEvent
     */
    void publishEvent(ApplicationEvent event);

    /**
     * Notify all <strong>matching</strong> listeners registered with this
     * application of an event.
     * <p>If the specified {@code event} is not an {@link ApplicationEvent},
     * it is wrapped in a {@link PayloadApplicationEvent}.
     * @param event the event to publish
     * @since 4.2
     * @see PayloadApplicationEvent
     */
    void publishEvent(Object event);

}

　　这个接口比较重要,它使用来触发一个事件的(虽然方法的名称为发布事件)，调用方法publishEvent过后，事件对应的listener将会执行相应的内容

　　ApplicationEventMulticaster

　　该接口管理ApplicationListener的同时可以执行listener监听事件的方法：

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2017 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;

/**
 * Interface to be implemented by objects that can manage a number of
 * {@link ApplicationListener} objects, and publish events to them.
 *
 * <p>An {@link org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher}, typically
 * a Spring {@link org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext}, can use an
 * ApplicationEventMulticaster as a delegate for actually publishing events.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 */
public interface ApplicationEventMulticaster {

    /**
     * Add a listener to be notified of all events.
     * @param listener the listener to add
     */
    void addApplicationListener(ApplicationListener<?> listener);

    /**
     * Add a listener bean to be notified of all events.
     * @param listenerBeanName the name of the listener bean to add
     */
    void addApplicationListenerBean(String listenerBeanName);

    /**
     * Remove a listener from the notification list.
     * @param listener the listener to remove
     */
    void removeApplicationListener(ApplicationListener<?> listener);

    /**
     * Remove a listener bean from the notification list.
     * @param listenerBeanName the name of the listener bean to add
     */
    void removeApplicationListenerBean(String listenerBeanName);

    /**
     * Remove all listeners registered with this multicaster.
     * <p>After a remove call, the multicaster will perform no action
     * on event notification until new listeners are being registered.
     */
    void removeAllListeners();

    /**
     * Multicast the given application event to appropriate listeners.
     * <p>Consider using {@link #multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent, ResolvableType)}
     * if possible as it provides a better support for generics-based events.
     * @param event the event to multicast
     */
    void multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent event);

    /**
     * Multicast the given application event to appropriate listeners.
     * <p>If the {@code eventType} is {@code null}, a default type is built
     * based on the {@code event} instance.
     * @param event the event to multicast
     * @param eventType the type of event (can be null)
     * @since 4.2
     */
    void multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent event, ResolvableType eventType);

}

　　我们可以看一下其子类SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster 的源码：

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2017 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context.event;

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
import org.springframework.util.ErrorHandler;

/**
 * Simple implementation of the {@link ApplicationEventMulticaster} interface.
 *
 * <p>Multicasts all events to all registered listeners, leaving it up to
 * the listeners to ignore events that they are not interested in.
 * Listeners will usually perform corresponding {@code instanceof}
 * checks on the passed-in event object.
 *
 * <p>By default, all listeners are invoked in the calling thread.
 * This allows the danger of a rogue listener blocking the entire application,
 * but adds minimal overhead. Specify an alternative task executor to have
 * listeners executed in different threads, for example from a thread pool.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @see #setTaskExecutor
 */
public class SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster extends AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster {

    private Executor taskExecutor;

    private ErrorHandler errorHandler;


    /**
     * Create a new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.
     */
    public SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster() {
    }

    /**
     * Create a new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster for the given BeanFactory.
     */
    public SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
        setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    }


    /**
     * Set a custom executor (typically a {@link org.springframework.core.task.TaskExecutor})
     * to invoke each listener with.
     * <p>Default is equivalent to {@link org.springframework.core.task.SyncTaskExecutor},
     * executing all listeners synchronously in the calling thread.
     * <p>Consider specifying an asynchronous task executor here to not block the
     * caller until all listeners have been executed. However, note that asynchronous
     * execution will not participate in the caller's thread context (class loader,
     * transaction association) unless the TaskExecutor explicitly supports this.
     * @see org.springframework.core.task.SyncTaskExecutor
     * @see org.springframework.core.task.SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor
     */
    public void setTaskExecutor(Executor taskExecutor) {
        this.taskExecutor = taskExecutor;
    }

    /**
     * Return the current task executor for this multicaster.
     */
    protected Executor getTaskExecutor() {
        return this.taskExecutor;
    }

    /**
     * Set the {@link ErrorHandler} to invoke in case an exception is thrown
     * from a listener.
     * <p>Default is none, with a listener exception stopping the current
     * multicast and getting propagated to the publisher of the current event.
     * If a {@linkplain #setTaskExecutor task executor} is specified, each
     * individual listener exception will get propagated to the executor but
     * won't necessarily stop execution of other listeners.
     * <p>Consider setting an {@link ErrorHandler} implementation that catches
     * and logs exceptions (a la
     * {@link org.springframework.scheduling.support.TaskUtils#LOG_AND_SUPPRESS_ERROR_HANDLER})
     * or an implementation that logs exceptions while nevertheless propagating them
     * (e.g. {@link org.springframework.scheduling.support.TaskUtils#LOG_AND_PROPAGATE_ERROR_HANDLER}).
     * @since 4.1
     */
    public void setErrorHandler(ErrorHandler errorHandler) {
        this.errorHandler = errorHandler;
    }

    /**
     * Return the current error handler for this multicaster.
     * @since 4.1
     */
    protected ErrorHandler getErrorHandler() {
        return this.errorHandler;
    }


    @Override
    public void multicastEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
        multicastEvent(event, resolveDefaultEventType(event));
    }

    @Override
    public void multicastEvent(final ApplicationEvent event, ResolvableType eventType) {
        ResolvableType type = (eventType != null ? eventType : resolveDefaultEventType(event));
        for (final ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners(event, type)) {
            Executor executor = getTaskExecutor();
            if (executor != null) {
                executor.execute(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        invokeListener(listener, event);
                    }
                });
            }
            else {
                invokeListener(listener, event);
            }
        }
    }

    private ResolvableType resolveDefaultEventType(ApplicationEvent event) {
        return ResolvableType.forInstance(event);
    }

    /**
     * Invoke the given listener with the given event.
     * @param listener the ApplicationListener to invoke
     * @param event the current event to propagate
     * @since 4.1
     */
    protected void invokeListener(ApplicationListener<?> listener, ApplicationEvent event) {
        ErrorHandler errorHandler = getErrorHandler();
        if (errorHandler != null) {
            try {
                doInvokeListener(listener, event);
            }
            catch (Throwable err) {
                errorHandler.handleError(err);
            }
        }
        else {
            doInvokeListener(listener, event);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    private void doInvokeListener(ApplicationListener listener, ApplicationEvent event) {
        try {
            listener.onApplicationEvent(event);
        }
        catch (ClassCastException ex) {
            String msg = ex.getMessage();
            if (msg == null || msg.startsWith(event.getClass().getName())) {
                // Possibly a lambda-defined listener which we could not resolve the generic event type for
                Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Non-matching event type for listener: " + listener, ex);
                }
            }
            else {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
    }

}

　　请大家看一下 doInvokeListener方法，该方法用于执行事件的监听方法

 

1.3、基于Spring的自定义事件

　　在这里我们模拟一个场景，当感到饥饿时，通知厨师做饭

　　定义事件：

package org.hzgj.spring.study.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent;

/**
 * 定义一个描饥饿状态的事件
 *
 * @author chen.nie
 * @date 2018/4/26
 **/
public class HungryEvent extends ApplicationEvent {
    /**
     * Create a new ApplicationEvent.
     *
     * @param source the object on which the event initially occurred (never {@code null})
     */
    public HungryEvent(Object source) {
        super(source);
    }
}

　　定义Person:

package org.hzgj.spring.study.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisher;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Person类，如果属性hungry的值为0，则通知厨师做饭吃。
 */
@Component
public class Person implements ApplicationEventPublisherAware {

    private int hungry;

    private String name;

    public int getHungry() {
        return hungry;
    }

    public void setHungry(int hungry) {
        this.hungry = hungry;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    private ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher) {
        this.applicationEventPublisher = applicationEventPublisher;
    }

    public void isNeedEat() {
        if (this.hungry == 0) {
            System.out.println("太饿了,需要吃东西");
            new Thread(() -> this.applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new HungryEvent(this))).start();
            System.out.println("通知完毕");
        }
    }


}

　　注意这里面利用spring的aware模式拿到ApplicationEventPublisher对象，在Spring里有若干个Aware，比如说ApplicationContextAware BeanFactoryAware等。

 　 定义厨师类：

package org.hzgj.spring.study.event;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 厨师类用于对饥饿事件的监听...
 *
 * @author chen.nie
 * @date 2018/4/26
 **/
@Component
public class Chef implements ApplicationListener<HungryEvent> {
    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(HungryEvent event) {
        if (event.getSource() instanceof Person) {

            Person person = (Person) event.getSource();
            System.out.println(person.getName() + "饿了,开始做饭");
            try {
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("做饭完毕....开始吃吧");
        }
    }
}

 　spring-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


    <context:component-scan base-package="org.hzgj"/>


</beans>

　　Main方法：

package org.hzgj.spring.study;

import org.hzgj.spring.study.event.Person;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import javax.naming.NamingException;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, NamingException {

        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml");
        Person person = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class);
        person.setHungry(0);
        person.setName("admin");
        person.isNeedEat();
    }
}

　　执行Main方法后，我们可以看到如下结果：

 

二、SpringApplication启动分析

　2.1、SpringApplication初始化分析

　在这里我们先追踪一下SpringApplication.run的方法：

/**
     * Static helper that can be used to run a {@link SpringApplication} from the
     * specified sources using default settings and user supplied arguments.
     * @param sources the sources to load
     * @param args the application arguments (usually passed from a Java main method)
     * @return the running {@link ApplicationContext}
     */
    public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Object[] sources, String[] args) {
        return new SpringApplication(sources).run(args);
    }

　　该方法会创建SpringApplication对象，我们继续看一下关键代码：

　

//......
    /**
     * Create a new {@link SpringApplication} instance. The application context will load
     * beans from the specified sources (see {@link SpringApplication class-level}
     * documentation for details. The instance can be customized before calling
     * {@link #run(String...)}.
     * @param sources the bean sources
     * @see #run(Object, String[])
     * @see #SpringApplication(ResourceLoader, Object...)
     */
    public SpringApplication(Object... sources) {
        initialize(sources);
    }


//......

    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
    private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
        if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
            this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
        }
        this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
        setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
                ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
        setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
        this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
    }

　　这里大家重点关注一下源代码中getSpringFacoriesInstances方法, ApplicationListener接口,ApplicationContextInitializer接口，这些接口都是通过SpringFactoriesLoader从META-INF/spring.factories文件里加载的

　　其中getSpringFactoriesInstances的关键代码：

private <T> Collection<? extends T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
            Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
        ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
        // Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
        Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<String>(
                SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
        List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes,
                classLoader, args, names);
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);
        return instances;
    }

　　这里面有一个关键类叫做SpringFactoriesLoader 该类的主要作用是读取META-INF/spring.factories配置文件里配置的引导对象，我们来看一下代码：

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.core.io.support;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationAwareOrderComparator;
import org.springframework.core.io.UrlResource;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

/**
 * General purpose factory loading mechanism for internal use within the framework.
 *
 * <p>{@code SpringFactoriesLoader} {@linkplain #loadFactories loads} and instantiates
 * factories of a given type from {@value #FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION} files which
 * may be present in multiple JAR files in the classpath. The {@code spring.factories}
 * file must be in {@link Properties} format, where the key is the fully qualified
 * name of the interface or abstract class, and the value is a comma-separated list of
 * implementation class names. For example:
 *
 * <pre class="code">example.MyService=example.MyServiceImpl1,example.MyServiceImpl2</pre>
 *
 * where {@code example.MyService} is the name of the interface, and {@code MyServiceImpl1}
 * and {@code MyServiceImpl2} are two implementations.
 *
 * @author Arjen Poutsma
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Sam Brannen
 * @since 3.2
 */
public abstract class SpringFactoriesLoader {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringFactoriesLoader.class);

    /**
     * The location to look for factories.
     * <p>Can be present in multiple JAR files.
     */
    public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";


    /**
     * Load and instantiate the factory implementations of the given type from
     * {@value #FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION}, using the given class loader.
     * <p>The returned factories are sorted in accordance with the {@link AnnotationAwareOrderComparator}.
     * <p>If a custom instantiation strategy is required, use {@link #loadFactoryNames}
     * to obtain all registered factory names.
     * @param factoryClass the interface or abstract class representing the factory
     * @param classLoader the ClassLoader to use for loading (can be {@code null} to use the default)
     * @see #loadFactoryNames
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any factory implementation class cannot
     * be loaded or if an error occurs while instantiating any factory
     */
    public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        Assert.notNull(factoryClass, "'factoryClass' must not be null");
        ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
        if (classLoaderToUse == null) {
            classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
        }
        List<String> factoryNames = loadFactoryNames(factoryClass, classLoaderToUse);
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Loaded [" + factoryClass.getName() + "] names: " + factoryNames);
        }
        List<T> result = new ArrayList<T>(factoryNames.size());
        for (String factoryName : factoryNames) {
            result.add(instantiateFactory(factoryName, factoryClass, classLoaderToUse));
        }
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(result);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Load the fully qualified class names of factory implementations of the
     * given type from {@value #FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION}, using the given
     * class loader.
     * @param factoryClass the interface or abstract class representing the factory
     * @param classLoader the ClassLoader to use for loading resources; can be
     * {@code null} to use the default
     * @see #loadFactories
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an error occurs while loading factory names
     */
    public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
        try {
            Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
                    ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
            List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
            while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL url = urls.nextElement();
                Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
                String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
                result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
            }
            return result;
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load [" + factoryClass.getName() +
                    "] factories from location [" + FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static <T> T instantiateFactory(String instanceClassName, Class<T> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
        try {
            Class<?> instanceClass = ClassUtils.forName(instanceClassName, classLoader);
            if (!factoryClass.isAssignableFrom(instanceClass)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Class [" + instanceClassName + "] is not assignable to [" + factoryClass.getName() + "]");
            }
            Constructor<?> constructor = instanceClass.getDeclaredConstructor();
            ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(constructor);
            return (T) constructor.newInstance();
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to instantiate factory class: " + factoryClass.getName(), ex);
        }
    }

}

　　这里面的ApplicationListener略微特殊，它被定义到META-INF/spring.factories里，该监听器主要监听SpringApplicationEvent事件，SpringApplicationEvent有如下子类：

　　　1.  ApplicationStartingEvent

　　　2. ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent

　　　3. ApplicationPreparedEvent

　　　4. ApplicationFailedEvent

　　　5. ApplicationReadyEvent

 

　　ApplicationContextInitializer该接口

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2011 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context;

/**
 * Callback interface for initializing a Spring {@link ConfigurableApplicationContext}
 * prior to being {@linkplain ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh() refreshed}.
 *
 * <p>Typically used within web applications that require some programmatic initialization
 * of the application context. For example, registering property sources or activating
 * profiles against the {@linkplain ConfigurableApplicationContext#getEnvironment()
 * context's environment}. See {@code ContextLoader} and {@code FrameworkServlet} support
 * for declaring a "contextInitializerClasses" context-param and init-param, respectively.
 *
 * <p>{@code ApplicationContextInitializer} processors are encouraged to detect
 * whether Spring's {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered Ordered} interface has been
 * implemented or if the @{@link org.springframework.core.annotation.Order Order}
 * annotation is present and to sort instances accordingly if so prior to invocation.
 *
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @since 3.1
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader#customizeContext
 * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader#CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM
 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet#setContextInitializerClasses
 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet#applyInitializers
 */
public interface ApplicationContextInitializer<C extends ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    /**
     * Initialize the given application context.
     * @param applicationContext the application to configure
     */
    void initialize(C applicationContext);

}

　　该接口doc文档上描述很清楚了，在调用ConfigurableApplicationContext的refresh()之前进行的初始化操作，比如说：激活profile , 注册PropertySource , FrameworkServlet(DispacherServlet的父类)设置 contextConfigLocation等。

 

2.2、SpringApplication的run方法分析

　　这里我贴一下关键代码：

/**
     * Run the Spring application, creating and refreshing a new
     * {@link ApplicationContext}.
     * @param args the application arguments (usually passed from a Java main method)
     * @return a running {@link ApplicationContext}
     */
    public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
        StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
        stopWatch.start();
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
        FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
        configureHeadlessProperty();
        SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
        listeners.starting();
        try {
            ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
                    args);
            ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
                    applicationArguments);
            Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
            context = createApplicationContext();
            analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
            prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
                    printedBanner);
            refreshContext(context);
            afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
            listeners.finished(context, null);
            stopWatch.stop();
            if (this.logStartupInfo) {
                new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
                        .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
            }
            return context;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
            throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
        }
    }

 

1. 获取SpringApplicationRunListener

    private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {
        Class<?>[] types = new Class<?>[] { SpringApplication.class, String[].class };
        return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger, getSpringFactoriesInstances(
                SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args));
    }

　　该接口首先从META-INF/spring.factories文件里获取所有配置的SpringApplicationRunner ,那么这个接口时干啥的呢？我们来看一下源代码：

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2016 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader;

/**
 * Listener for the {@link SpringApplication} {@code run} method.
 * {@link SpringApplicationRunListener}s are loaded via the {@link SpringFactoriesLoader}
 * and should declare a public constructor that accepts a {@link SpringApplication}
 * instance and a {@code String[]} of arguments. A new
 * {@link SpringApplicationRunListener} instance will be created for each run.
 *
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Dave Syer
 */
public interface SpringApplicationRunListener {

    /**
     * Called immediately when the run method has first started. Can be used for very
     * early initialization.
     */
    void starting();

    /**
     * Called once the environment has been prepared, but before the
     * {@link ApplicationContext} has been created.
     * @param environment the environment
     */
    void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment);

    /**
     * Called once the {@link ApplicationContext} has been created and prepared, but
     * before sources have been loaded.
     * @param context the application context
     */
    void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context);

    /**
     * Called once the application context has been loaded but before it has been
     * refreshed.
     * @param context the application context
     */
    void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context);

    /**
     * Called immediately before the run method finishes.
     * @param context the application context or null if a failure occurred before the
     * context was created
     * @param exception any run exception or null if run completed successfully.
     */
    void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception);

}

　　其实简单点来说就是在SpringBoot启动过程中各个阶段需要做的事情，阶段包括：程序准备启动，准备环境，ApplicationContext准备加载，程序启动完成等等。

　　其中该接口默认有一个实现类EventPublishingRunListener至关重要大家需要了解一下：

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2017 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.boot.context.event;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationEventMulticaster;
import org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.util.ErrorHandler;

/**
 * {@link SpringApplicationRunListener} to publish {@link SpringApplicationEvent}s.
 * <p>
 * Uses an internal {@link ApplicationEventMulticaster} for the events that are fired
 * before the context is actually refreshed.
 *
 * @author Phillip Webb
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 */
public class EventPublishingRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener, Ordered {

    private final SpringApplication application;

    private final String[] args;

    private final SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster initialMulticaster;

    public EventPublishingRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args) {
        this.application = application;
        this.args = args;
        this.initialMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster();
        for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : application.getListeners()) {
            this.initialMulticaster.addApplicationListener(listener);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public void starting() {
        this.initialMulticaster
                .multicastEvent(new ApplicationStartedEvent(this.application, this.args));
    }

    @Override
    public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
        this.initialMulticaster.multicastEvent(new ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(
                this.application, this.args, environment));
    }

    @Override
    public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {

    }

    @Override
    public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : this.application.getListeners()) {
            if (listener instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
                ((ApplicationContextAware) listener).setApplicationContext(context);
            }
            context.addApplicationListener(listener);
        }
        this.initialMulticaster.multicastEvent(
                new ApplicationPreparedEvent(this.application, this.args, context));
    }

    @Override
    public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
        SpringApplicationEvent event = getFinishedEvent(context, exception);
        if (context != null && context.isActive()) {
            // Listeners have been registered to the application context so we should
            // use it at this point if we can
            context.publishEvent(event);
        }
        else {
            // An inactive context may not have a multicaster so we use our multicaster to
            // call all of the context's listeners instead
            if (context instanceof AbstractApplicationContext) {
                for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : ((AbstractApplicationContext) context)
                        .getApplicationListeners()) {
                    this.initialMulticaster.addApplicationListener(listener);
                }
            }
            if (event instanceof ApplicationFailedEvent) {
                this.initialMulticaster.setErrorHandler(new LoggingErrorHandler());
            }
            this.initialMulticaster.multicastEvent(event);
        }
    }

    private SpringApplicationEvent getFinishedEvent(
            ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
        if (exception != null) {
            return new ApplicationFailedEvent(this.application, this.args, context,
                    exception);
        }
        return new ApplicationReadyEvent(this.application, this.args, context);
    }

    private static class LoggingErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

        private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(EventPublishingRunListener.class);

        @Override
        public void handleError(Throwable throwable) {
            logger.warn("Error calling ApplicationEventListener", throwable);
        }

    }

}

　　这个类里面有一个SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster的属性，根据前面分析，该属性就是执行关于SpringApplicationEvent的事件监听方法的。该类最主要作用就是通知各个阶段的listener处理对应阶段的事件

　

2、调用所有的SpringApplicationRunListenner的start方法

　　我们可以看一下SpringApplicationRunListeners类里的方法：

public void starting() {
        for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {
            listener.starting();
        }
    }

　　

3、执行prepareEnvironment方法

public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
        for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {
            listener.environmentPrepared(environment);
        }
    }

 

4、根据当前的Environment打印Banner

5、创建ConfigurableApplicationContext对象与FailureAnalyzers

　　在这里会根据this.webEnvironment的属性值来确定创建的ApplicationContext对象：

　　

/**
     * Strategy method used to create the {@link ApplicationContext}. By default this
     * method will respect any explicitly set application context or application context
     * class before falling back to a suitable default.
     * @return the application context (not yet refreshed)
     * @see #setApplicationContextClass(Class)
     */
    protected ConfigurableApplicationContext createApplicationContext() {
        Class<?> contextClass = this.applicationContextClass;
        if (contextClass == null) {
            try {
                contextClass = Class.forName(this.webEnvironment
                        ? DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS : DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS);
            }
            catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Unable create a default ApplicationContext, "
                                + "please specify an ApplicationContextClass",
                        ex);
            }
        }
        return (ConfigurableApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiate(contextClass);
    }

　　如果是web环境那就创建org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext ，否则就创建org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

6、调用prepareContext方法

    public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {
            listener.contextPrepared(context);
        }
    }

7、调用 refreshContext方法

　　该方法最终会执行AbstractApplicationContext的refresh()方法，我在这里贴一下源代码

    @Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                finishRefresh();
            }

            catch (BeansException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
                }

                // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
                destroyBeans();

                // Reset 'active' flag.
                cancelRefresh(ex);

                // Propagate exception to caller.
                throw ex;
            }

            finally {
                // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
                // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
                resetCommonCaches();
            }
        }
    }

　　在这个方法里会初始化BeanFactory 初始化BeanFactoryPostProcessor 注册BeanPostProcessor 初始化MessageSource 注册事件监听器等操作。建议大家深入了解Spring的IOC加载原理

8、执行afterRefresh()

    /**
     * Called after the context has been refreshed.
     * @param context the application context
     * @param args the application arguments
     */
    protected void afterRefresh(ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
            ApplicationArguments args) {
        callRunners(context, args);
    }

    private void callRunners(ApplicationContext context, ApplicationArguments args) {
        List<Object> runners = new ArrayList<Object>();
        runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(ApplicationRunner.class).values());
        runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(CommandLineRunner.class).values());
        AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(runners);
        for (Object runner : new LinkedHashSet<Object>(runners)) {
            if (runner instanceof ApplicationRunner) {
                callRunner((ApplicationRunner) runner, args);
            }
            if (runner instanceof CommandLineRunner) {
                callRunner((CommandLineRunner) runner, args);
            }
        }
    }

private void callRunner(ApplicationRunner runner, ApplicationArguments args) {
   try {
      (runner).run(args);
   }
   catch (Exception ex) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to execute ApplicationRunner", ex);
   }
}

　　该方法会从IOC容器里找到ApplicationRunner或者CommandLineRunner并执行其run方法，当我们需要在SpringBoot程序启动时处理我们自己的逻辑，那么就可以实现上述接口

 

9、调用 listeners.finished方法

public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
        for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {
            callFinishedListener(listener, context, exception);
        }
    }

 private void callFinishedListener(SpringApplicationRunListener listener,
            ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
        try {
            listener.finished(context, exception);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            if (exception == null) {
                ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(ex);
            }
            if (this.log.isDebugEnabled()) {
                this.log.error("Error handling failed", ex);
            }
            else {
                String message = ex.getMessage();
                message = (message == null ? "no error message" : message);
                this.log.warn("Error handling failed (" + message + ")");
            }
        }
    }

 

10、启动时的异常处理

    private void handleRunFailure(ConfigurableApplicationContext context,
            SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners, FailureAnalyzers analyzers,
            Throwable exception) {
        try {
            try {
                handleExitCode(context, exception);
                listeners.finished(context, exception);
            }
            finally {
                reportFailure(analyzers, exception);
                if (context != null) {
                    context.close();
                }
            }
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            logger.warn("Unable to close ApplicationContext", ex);
        }
        ReflectionUtils.rethrowRuntimeException(exception);
    }

 

　　我们可以看到在SpringApplicationRunnerListener的作用至关重要，几乎每做一件事情都涉及到此接口的方法 ，另外 EventPublishingRunListener会在各个阶段通知各个listener处理启动周期内各个阶段性事件

三、测试示例

　　通过在META-INF/spring.factories里配置引导类，来验证一下我们上述分析的启动过程

　　1、创建MyBootStrapApplicationListener示例：

package com.hzgj.lyrk.member.applicationlistener;

import org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
/**
 * META-INF/spring.factories 配置的listener测试
* @author chen.nie
* @date 2018/4/26
**/
public class MyBootStrapApplicationListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent> {
    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) {
        System.out.println("BootStrapApplicationListener");
    }
}

　　2、创建MyCommandRunner

package com.hzgj.lyrk.member.commandlinerunner;

import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * commandLineRunner测试
 *
 * @author chen.nie
 * @date 2018/4/26
 **/
@Component
public class MyCommandRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("MyCommandRunner execute .....");
    }
}

　　3、在spring.factories配置ApplicationListener

org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener=\
  com.hzgj.lyrk.member.applicationlistener.MyBootStrapApplicationListener

　　当我们启动SpringBoot项目时，可以发现如下结果：

 

 

 我们可以发现我们配置的ApplicationListener在最开始就会执行，而CommandLineRunner在最后才执行

 

 

四、SpringBoot启动总结

1.  SpringBoot启动时SpringApplicationRunListener接口的相关方法至关重要，它定义了启动时的各个“时间点”。

2. SpringBoot可以从spring.factoies文件里读取配置的ApplicationListener

3. META-INF文件夹下的spring.factoies文件是SpringBoot启动的核心文件，SpringFatoriesLoader会读取该文件夹下的相关配置作为引导

4. SpringBoot启动时利用了事件机制，来发送启动时各个周期阶段的事件