来看一下客户端请求代码:
1 DemoService demoService = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoService"); // 获取远程服务代理 2 String hello = demoService.sayHello("world"); // 执行远程方法
在8.2 构建客户端源码解析中我们看到最终得到的demoService是一个proxy0代理对象。现在来分析第二行代码。
一 客户端请求总体流程
//代理发出请求
proxy0.sayHello(String paramString) -->InvokerInvocationHandler.invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) -->new RpcInvocation(method, args) -->MockClusterInvoker.invoke(Invocation invocation)//服务降级的地方 //ClusterInvoker将多个Invoker伪装成一个集群版的Invoker -->AbstractClusterInvoker.invoke(final Invocation invocation) //获取Invokers -->list(Invocation invocation) -->AbstractDirectory.list(Invocation invocation) -->RegistryDirectory.doList(Invocation invocation)//从Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> methodInvokerMap中获取key为sayHello的List<Invoker<T>> -->MockInvokersSelector.getNormalInvokers(final List<Invoker<T>> invokers)//对上述的List<Invoker<T>>再进行一次过滤(这里比如说过滤出所有协议为mock的Invoker,如果一个也没有就全部返回),这就是router的作用 //获取负载均衡器 -->loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(invokers.get(0).getUrl() .getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.LOADBALANCE_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE))//默认为random -->RpcUtils.attachInvocationIdIfAsync(getUrl(), invocation)//异步操作添加invocationID -->FailoverClusterInvoker.doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) //使用负载均衡器选择一个Invoker出来:RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例 -->AbstractClusterInvoker.select(LoadBalance loadbalance, Invocation invocation, List<Invoker<T>> invokers, List<Invoker<T>> selected) -->doselect(LoadBalance loadbalance, Invocation invocation, List<Invoker<T>> invokers, List<Invoker<T>> selected) -->AbstractLoadBalance.select(List<Invoker<T>> invokers, URL url, Invocation invocation) -->RandomLoadBalance.doSelect(List<Invoker<T>> invokers, URL url, Invocation invocation) //执行listener和filter链 -->ListenerInvokerWrapper.invoke -->ConsumerContextFilter.invoke(Invoker<?> invoker, Invocation invocation)//设置一些RpcContext属性,并且设置invocation中的invoker属性 -->FutureFilter.invoke(Invocation invocation) -->MonitorFilter.invoke(Invocation invocation)//monitor在这里收集数据 -->AbstractInvoker.invoke(Invocation inv)//重新设置了invocation中的invoker属性和attachment属性 -->DubboInvoker.doInvoke(final Invocation invocation) //获取ExchangeClient进行消息的发送 -->ReferenceCountExchangeClient.request(Object request, int timeout) -->HeaderExchangeClient.request(Object request, int timeout) -->HeaderExchangeChannel.request(Object request, int timeout) -->AbstractClient.send(Object message, boolean sent)//NettyClient的父类 -->getChannel()//NettyChannel实例,其内部channel实例=NioClientSocketChannel实例 -->NettyChannel.send(Object message, boolean sent) -->NioClientSocketChannel.write(Object message)//已经是netty的东西了,这里的message=Request实例:最重要的是RpcInvocation [methodName=sayHello, parameterTypes=[class java.lang.String], arguments=[world], attachments={path=com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService, interface=com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService, version=0.0.0}]
总体流程:
- 将请求参数(方法名,方法参数类型,方法参数值,服务名,附加参数)封装成一个Invocation
- 附加参数中的path:即接口名,将会用于服务端接收请求信息后从exportMap中选取Exporter实例
- 方法名,方法参数类型,方法参数值:将用于JavassistProxyFactory$AbstractProxyInvoker执行对应的方法
- 使用Directory从Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> methodInvokerMap中获取key为sayHello(指定方法名)的List<Invoker<T>>
- 使用Router对上述的List<Invoker<T>>再进行一次过滤,得到subList
- 使用LoadBalancer从subList中再获取一个Invoker,实际上是InvokerDelegete实例
- 使用InvokerDelegete实例执行真正的DubboInvoker的listener和filter链,然后执行到真正的DubboInvoker
- DubboInvoker使用NettyClient向服务端发出了请求
二 源码分析
首先来看proxy0.sayHello
1 public String sayHello(String paramString) { 2 Object[] arrayOfObject = new Object[1]; 3 arrayOfObject[0] = paramString; 4 Object localObject = null; 5 try { 6 localObject = this.handler.invoke(this, DemoService.class.getMethod("sayHello"), arrayOfObject); 7 } catch (Throwable e) { 8 // TODO Auto-generated catch block 9 e.printStackTrace(); 10 } 11 return (String) localObject; 12 }
这里的handler就是InvokerInvocationHandler
1 public class InvokerInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler { 2 private final Invoker<?> invoker;//MockClusterInvoker实例 3 4 public InvokerInvocationHandler(Invoker<?> handler) { 5 this.invoker = handler; 6 } 7 8 public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { 9 String methodName = method.getName(); 10 Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes(); 11 if (method.getDeclaringClass() == Object.class) { 12 return method.invoke(invoker, args); 13 } 14 if ("toString".equals(methodName) && parameterTypes.length == 0) { 15 return invoker.toString(); 16 } 17 if ("hashCode".equals(methodName) && parameterTypes.length == 0) { 18 return invoker.hashCode(); 19 } 20 if ("equals".equals(methodName) && parameterTypes.length == 1) { 21 return invoker.equals(args[0]); 22 } 23 return invoker.invoke(new RpcInvocation(method, args)).recreate(); 24 } 25 }
首先将请求参数封装成一个RpcInvocation实例,如下:
-->String methodName=sayHello -->Class<?>[] parameterTypes=[class java.lang.String] -->Object[] arguments=[world] -->Map<String, String> attachments={}
之后使用MockClusterInvoker.invoke(Invocation invocation)进行远程调用:
1 private final Directory<T> directory;//RegistryDirectory 2 private final Invoker<T> invoker;//FailoverClusterInvoker 3 4 /** 5 * 这里实际上会根据配置的mock参数来做服务降级: 6 * 1 如果没有配置mock参数或者mock=false,则进行远程调用; 7 * 2 如果配置了mock=force:return null,则直接返回null,不进行远程调用; 8 * 3 如果配置了mock=fail:return null,先进行远程调用,失败了在进行mock调用。 9 */ 10 public Result invoke(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 11 Result result = null; 12 //sayHello.mock->mock->default.mock 13 String value = directory.getUrl().getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.MOCK_KEY, Boolean.FALSE.toString()).trim(); 14 if (value.length() == 0 || value.equalsIgnoreCase("false")) { 15 //no mock 16 result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation); 17 } else if (value.startsWith("force")) { 18 if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { 19 logger.info("force-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " force-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl()); 20 } 21 //force:direct mock 22 result = doMockInvoke(invocation, null); 23 } else { 24 //fail-mock 25 try { 26 result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation); 27 } catch (RpcException e) { 28 if (e.isBiz()) { 29 throw e; 30 } else { 31 if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { 32 logger.info("fail-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " fail-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl(), e); 33 } 34 result = doMockInvoke(invocation, e); 35 } 36 } 37 } 38 return result; 39 }
注意:这里可以做服务降级,后续会说。
之后调用FailoverClusterInvoker.invoke方法,该方法在其父类AbstractClusterInvoker中,
1 protected final Directory<T> directory;//RegistryDirectory 2 3 public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 4 ... 5 LoadBalance loadbalance; 6 7 List<Invoker<T>> invokers = list(invocation); 8 if (invokers != null && invokers.size() > 0) { 9 loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(invokers.get(0).getUrl() 10 .getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.LOADBALANCE_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE)); 11 } else { 12 loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE); 13 } 14 RpcUtils.attachInvocationIdIfAsync(getUrl(), invocation);//异步调用加调用ID 15 return doInvoke(invocation, invokers, loadbalance); 16 } 17 18 protected List<Invoker<T>> list(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 19 List<Invoker<T>> invokers = directory.list(invocation); 20 return invokers; 21 }
首先是获取一个List<Invoker<T>>,之后获取一个LoadBalance,最后调用doInvoke进行调用。
首先来看通过RegistryDirectory.list(Invocation invocation),该方法在RegistryDirectory的父类AbstractDirectory中:
1 private volatile List<Router> routers; 2 public List<Invoker<T>> list(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 3 ... 4 List<Invoker<T>> invokers = doList(invocation); 5 List<Router> localRouters = this.routers; // local reference 6 if (localRouters != null && localRouters.size() > 0) { 7 for (Router router : localRouters) { 8 try { 9 if (router.getUrl() == null || router.getUrl().getParameter(Constants.RUNTIME_KEY, true)) { 10 invokers = router.route(invokers, getConsumerUrl(), invocation); 11 } 12 } catch (Throwable t) { 13 logger.error("Failed to execute router: " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + t.getMessage(), t); 14 } 15 } 16 } 17 return invokers; 18 }
首先执行doList(invocation)方法获取出List<Invoker<T>>,之后使用router循环过滤,最后返回过滤后的List<Invoker<T>>。
RegistryDirectory.doList(invocation)
1 public List<Invoker<T>> doList(Invocation invocation) { 2 ... 3 List<Invoker<T>> invokers = null; 4 Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> localMethodInvokerMap = this.methodInvokerMap; // local reference 5 if (localMethodInvokerMap != null && localMethodInvokerMap.size() > 0) { 6 String methodName = RpcUtils.getMethodName(invocation); 7 Object[] args = RpcUtils.getArguments(invocation); 8 if (args != null && args.length > 0 && args[0] != null 9 && (args[0] instanceof String || args[0].getClass().isEnum())) { 10 invokers = localMethodInvokerMap.get(methodName + "." + args[0]); // 可根据第一个参数枚举路由 sayHello.world 11 } 12 if (invokers == null) { 13 invokers = localMethodInvokerMap.get(methodName); 14 } 15 if (invokers == null) { 16 invokers = localMethodInvokerMap.get(Constants.ANY_VALUE); 17 } 18 if (invokers == null) { 19 Iterator<List<Invoker<T>>> iterator = localMethodInvokerMap.values().iterator(); 20 if (iterator.hasNext()) { 21 invokers = iterator.next(); 22 } 23 } 24 } 25 return invokers == null ? new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(0) : invokers; 26 }
其中Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> methodInvokerMap在8.2 构建客户端源码解析已经初始化好了:
Map<String, List<Invoker<T>>> methodInvokerMap={
sayHello=[provider1的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例, provider2的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例], *=[provider1的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例, provider2的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例]}
这里根据方法名sayHello取出两个RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例。最后通过Router进行过滤,这里只有一个Router,就是MockInvokersSelector。
1 public <T> List<Invoker<T>> route(final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, 2 URL url, final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 3 if (invocation.getAttachments() == null) { 4 return getNormalInvokers(invokers); 5 } else { 6 String value = invocation.getAttachments().get(Constants.INVOCATION_NEED_MOCK); 7 if (value == null) 8 return getNormalInvokers(invokers); 9 else if (Boolean.TRUE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) { 10 return getMockedInvokers(invokers); 11 } 12 } 13 return invokers; 14 } 15 16 private <T> List<Invoker<T>> getNormalInvokers(final List<Invoker<T>> invokers) { 17 if (!hasMockProviders(invokers)) { 18 return invokers; 19 } else { 20 List<Invoker<T>> sInvokers = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(invokers.size()); 21 for (Invoker<T> invoker : invokers) { 22 if (!invoker.getUrl().getProtocol().equals(Constants.MOCK_PROTOCOL)) { 23 sInvokers.add(invoker); 24 } 25 } 26 return sInvokers; 27 } 28 }
这里直接返回了。到此就已经选出可以被调用的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例子集了。记下来先获取负载均衡器,默认是RandomLoadBalance。最后执行FailoverClusterInvoker.
doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance):
1 public Result doInvoke(Invocation invocation, final List<Invoker<T>> invokers, LoadBalance loadbalance) throws RpcException { 2 List<Invoker<T>> copyinvokers = invokers; 3 checkInvokers(copyinvokers, invocation); 4 int len = getUrl().getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.RETRIES_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_RETRIES) + 1;//默认是2+1次 5 if (len <= 0) { 6 len = 1; 7 } 8 // retry loop. 9 RpcException le = null; // last exception. 10 List<Invoker<T>> invoked = new ArrayList<Invoker<T>>(copyinvokers.size()); // invoked invokers. 11 Set<String> providers = new HashSet<String>(len); 12 for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { 13 //重试时,进行重新选择,避免重试时invoker列表已发生变化. 14 //注意:如果列表发生了变化,那么invoked判断会失效,因为invoker示例已经改变 15 if (i > 0) { 16 checkWhetherDestroyed(); 17 copyinvokers = list(invocation); 18 //重新检查一下 19 checkInvokers(copyinvokers, invocation); 20 } 21 Invoker<T> invoker = select(loadbalance, invocation, copyinvokers, invoked); 22 invoked.add(invoker); 23 RpcContext.getContext().setInvokers((List) invoked); 24 try { 25 Result result = invoker.invoke(invocation); 26 ... 27 return result; 28 } catch (RpcException e) { 29 if (e.isBiz()) { // biz exception. 30 throw e; 31 } 32 le = e; 33 } catch (Throwable e) { 34 le = new RpcException(e.getMessage(), e); 35 } finally { 36 providers.add(invoker.getUrl().getAddress()); 37 } 38 } 39 throw new RpcException(le ...); 40 }
首先使用负载均衡器获取一个RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete实例,然后使用选出的RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete.invoke进行请求发送。
1 protected Invoker<T> select(LoadBalance loadbalance, Invocation invocation, List<Invoker<T>> invokers, List<Invoker<T>> selected) throws RpcException { 2 ... 3 Invoker<T> invoker = doselect(loadbalance, invocation, invokers, selected); 4 .. 5 return invoker; 6 } 7 8 private Invoker<T> doselect(LoadBalance loadbalance, Invocation invocation, List<Invoker<T>> invokers, List<Invoker<T>> selected) throws RpcException { 9 if (invokers == null || invokers.size() == 0) 10 return null; 11 if (invokers.size() == 1) 12 return invokers.get(0); 13 // 如果只有两个invoker,并且其中一个已经有至少一个被选过了,退化成轮循 14 if (invokers.size() == 2 && selected != null && selected.size() > 0) { 15 return selected.get(0) == invokers.get(0) ? invokers.get(1) : invokers.get(0); 16 } 17 Invoker<T> invoker = loadbalance.select(invokers, getUrl(), invocation); 18 19 //如果 selected中包含(优先判断) 或者 不可用&&availablecheck=true 则重试. 20 if ((selected != null && selected.contains(invoker)) 21 || (!invoker.isAvailable() && getUrl() != null && availablecheck)) { 22 try { 23 Invoker<T> rinvoker = reselect(loadbalance, invocation, invokers, selected, availablecheck); 24 ... 25 } catch (Throwable t) { 26 ... 27 } 28 } 29 return invoker; 30 }
RandomLoadBalance.doSelect
1 private final Random random = new Random(); 2 3 protected <T> Invoker<T> doSelect(List<Invoker<T>> invokers, URL url, Invocation invocation) { 4 int length = invokers.size(); // 总个数 5 ...//权重计算 6 // 如果权重相同或权重为0则均等随机 7 return invokers.get(random.nextInt(length)); 8 }
最后来看RegistryDirectory$InvokerDelegete.invoke,该方法实际在其父类InvokerWrapper中:
1 private final Invoker<T> invoker;//ListenerInvokerWrapper 2 3 public Result invoke(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 4 return invoker.invoke(invocation); 5 }
ListenerInvokerWrapper.invoke
1 private final Invoker<T> invoker;//ProtocolFilterWrapper$Invoker 2 3 public Result invoke(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException { 4 return invoker.invoke(invocation); 5 }
之后就会执行一系列的filter,这些filter后续会讲,现在直接执行到DubboInvoker.invoke,实际上该方法在其父类AbstractInvoker中,AbstractInvoker又调用了DubboInvoker.doInvoke:
1 private final ExchangeClient[] clients; 2 3 protected Result doInvoke(final Invocation invocation) throws Throwable { 4 RpcInvocation inv = (RpcInvocation) invocation; 5 final String methodName = RpcUtils.getMethodName(invocation); 6 inv.setAttachment(Constants.PATH_KEY, getUrl().getPath()); 7 inv.setAttachment(Constants.VERSION_KEY, version); 8 9 ExchangeClient currentClient; 10 if (clients.length == 1) { 11 currentClient = clients[0];//单一长连接。默认 12 } else { 13 currentClient = clients[index.getAndIncrement() % clients.length]; 14 } 15 try { 16 boolean isAsync = RpcUtils.isAsync(getUrl(), invocation);//是否异步 17 boolean isOneway = RpcUtils.isOneway(getUrl(), invocation);//是否没有返回值 18 int timeout = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT); 19 if (isOneway) { 20 boolean isSent = getUrl().getMethodParameter(methodName, Constants.SENT_KEY, false); 21 currentClient.send(inv, isSent); 22 RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(null); 23 return new RpcResult(); 24 } else if (isAsync) { 25 ResponseFuture future = currentClient.request(inv, timeout); 26 RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(new FutureAdapter<Object>(future)); 27 return new RpcResult(); 28 } else { 29 RpcContext.getContext().setFuture(null); 30 return (Result) currentClient.request(inv, timeout).get(); 31 } 32 } catch (TimeoutException e) { 33 throw new RpcException(RpcException.TIMEOUT_EXCEPTION, "Invoke remote method timeout. method: " + invocation.getMethodName() + ", provider: " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e); 34 } catch (RemotingException e) { 35 throw new RpcException(RpcException.NETWORK_EXCEPTION, "Failed to invoke remote method: " + invocation.getMethodName() + ", provider: " + getUrl() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e); 36 } 37 }
其中ExchangeClient[] clients在8.2 构建客户端源码解析已经被初始化好了:
1 ExchangeClient[] clients = [ReferenceCountExchangeClient实例]//如果设置了多条连接,此处有多个client
ReferenceCountExchangeClient.request
1 private ExchangeClient client;//HeaderExchangeClient 2 3 public ResponseFuture request(Object request, int timeout) throws RemotingException { 4 return client.request(request, timeout); 5 }
HeaderExchangeClient.request
1 private final ExchangeChannel channel;//HeaderExchangeChannel 2 3 public ResponseFuture request(Object request, int timeout) throws RemotingException { 4 return channel.request(request, timeout); 5 }
HeaderExchangeChannel.request
1 private final Channel channel;//NettyClient 2 3 public ResponseFuture request(Object request, int timeout) throws RemotingException { 4 if (closed) { 5 throw new RemotingException(this.getLocalAddress(), null, "Failed to send request " + request + ", cause: The channel " + this + " is closed!"); 6 } 7 // create request. 8 Request req = new Request(); 9 req.setVersion("2.0.0"); 10 req.setTwoWay(true); 11 req.setData(request); 12 DefaultFuture future = new DefaultFuture(channel, req, timeout); 13 try { 14 channel.send(req); 15 } catch (RemotingException e) { 16 future.cancel(); 17 throw e; 18 } 19 return future; 20 }
上边的channel是NettyClient实例,这里的send实际上是调用其父类AbstractClient的父类AbstractPeer,AbstractPeer调用AbstractClient.send:
1 public void send(Object message, boolean sent) throws RemotingException { 2 if (send_reconnect && !isConnected()) { 3 connect(); 4 } 5 Channel channel = getChannel();//NettyChannel 6 //TODO getChannel返回的状态是否包含null需要改进 7 if (channel == null || !channel.isConnected()) { 8 throw new RemotingException(this, "message can not send, because channel is closed . url:" + getUrl()); 9 } 10 channel.send(message, sent); 11 }
NettyChannel.send
1 private final org.jboss.netty.channel.Channel channel;//NioClientSocketChannel 2 3 public void send(Object message, boolean sent) throws RemotingException { 4 super.send(message, sent); 5 6 boolean success = true; 7 int timeout = 0; 8 try { 9 ChannelFuture future = channel.write(message); 10 if (sent) { 11 timeout = getUrl().getPositiveParameter(Constants.TIMEOUT_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT); 12 success = future.await(timeout); 13 } 14 Throwable cause = future.getCause(); 15 if (cause != null) { 16 throw cause; 17 } 18 } catch (Throwable e) { 19 throw new RemotingException(this, "Failed to send message " + message + " to " + getRemoteAddress() + ", cause: " + e.getMessage(), e); 20 } 21 22 if (!success) { 23 throw new RemotingException(this, "Failed to send message " + message + " to " + getRemoteAddress() 24 + "in timeout(" + timeout + "ms) limit"); 25 } 26 }
这里就执行到了netty内部,通过netty自己的NioClientSocketChannel将消息发送给服务端。(这里发送之前有编码行为,后续会讲)