c#: 进程的挂起与恢复

1. 源起：

仍然是模块化编程所引发的需求。产品经理难伺候，女产品经理更甚之~:p

纯属戏谑，技术方案与产品经理无关，芋头莫怪！

VCU10项目重构，要求各功能模块以独立进程方式实现，比如：音视频转换模块，若以独立进程方式实现，如何控制其暂停、继续等功能呢？

线程可以Suspend、Resume，c#内置的Process没有此类方法，咋整？

山穷水尽疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。情到浓时清转薄，此情可待成追忆！

前篇描述了进程间数据传递方法，此篇亦以示例演示其间控制与数据交互方法。

 

 

 2、未公开的API函数：NtSuspendProcess、NtResumeProcess

此类函数在MSDN中找不到。

思其原因，概因它们介于Windows API和 内核API之间，威力不容小觑。怕二八耙子程序员滥用而引发事端，因此密藏。

其实还有个NtTerminateProcess，因Process有Kill方法，因此可不用。

但再隐秘的东西，只要有价值，都会被人给翻出来，好酒不怕巷子深么！

好，基于其，设计一个进程管理类，实现模块化编程之进程间控制这个需求。

 

 

3、ProcessMgr

直上代码吧，封装一个进程管理单元：

    public static class ProcessMgr
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// The process-specific access rights.
        /// </summary>
        [Flags]
        public enum ProcessAccess : uint
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// Required to terminate a process using TerminateProcess.
            /// </summary>
            Terminate = 0x1,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to create a thread.
            /// </summary>
            CreateThread = 0x2,

            /// <summary>
            /// Undocumented.
            /// </summary>
            SetSessionId = 0x4,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to perform an operation on the address space of a process (see VirtualProtectEx and WriteProcessMemory).
            /// </summary>
            VmOperation = 0x8,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to read memory in a process using ReadProcessMemory.
            /// </summary>
            VmRead = 0x10,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to write to memory in a process using WriteProcessMemory.
            /// </summary>
            VmWrite = 0x20,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to duplicate a handle using DuplicateHandle.
            /// </summary>
            DupHandle = 0x40,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to create a process.
            /// </summary>
            CreateProcess = 0x80,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to set memory limits using SetProcessWorkingSetSize.
            /// </summary>
            SetQuota = 0x100,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to set certain information about a process, such as its priority class (see SetPriorityClass).
            /// </summary>
            SetInformation = 0x200,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to retrieve certain information about a process, such as its token, exit code, and priority class (see OpenProcessToken, GetExitCodeProcess, GetPriorityClass, and IsProcessInJob).
            /// </summary>
            QueryInformation = 0x400,

            /// <summary>
            /// Undocumented.
            /// </summary>
            SetPort = 0x800,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to suspend or resume a process.
            /// </summary>
            SuspendResume = 0x800,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to retrieve certain information about a process (see QueryFullProcessImageName). A handle that has the PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION access right is automatically granted PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION.
            /// </summary>
            QueryLimitedInformation = 0x1000,

            /// <summary>
            /// Required to wait for the process to terminate using the wait functions.
            /// </summary>
            Synchronize = 0x100000
        }

        [DllImport("ntdll.dll")]
        private static extern uint NtResumeProcess([In] IntPtr processHandle);

        [DllImport("ntdll.dll")]
        private static extern uint NtSuspendProcess([In] IntPtr processHandle);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(
            ProcessAccess desiredAccess,
            bool inheritHandle,
            int processId);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        private static extern bool CloseHandle([In] IntPtr handle);

        public static void SuspendProcess(int processId)
        {
            IntPtr hProc = IntPtr.Zero;
            try
            {
                // Gets the handle to the Process
                hProc = OpenProcess(ProcessAccess.SuspendResume, false, processId);
                if (hProc != IntPtr.Zero)
                    NtSuspendProcess(hProc);
            }
            finally
            {
                // Don't forget to close handle you created.
                if (hProc != IntPtr.Zero)
                    CloseHandle(hProc);
            }
        }

        public static void ResumeProcess(int processId)
        {
            IntPtr hProc = IntPtr.Zero;
            try
            {
                // Gets the handle to the Process
                hProc = OpenProcess(ProcessAccess.SuspendResume, false, processId);
                if (hProc != IntPtr.Zero)
                    NtResumeProcess(hProc);
            }
            finally
            {
                // Don't forget to close handle you created.
                if (hProc != IntPtr.Zero)
                    CloseHandle(hProc);
            }
        }
    }

 

 

4、进程控制

我权且主进程为宿主，它通过Process类调用子进程，得其ID，以此为用。其调用代码为：

        private void RunTestProcess(bool hidden = false)
        {
            string appPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Application.ExecutablePath);
            string testAppPath = Path.Combine(appPath, "TestApp.exe");
            var pi = new ProcessStartInfo();
            pi.FileName = testAppPath;
            pi.Arguments = this.Handle.ToString();
            pi.WindowStyle = hidden ? ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden : ProcessWindowStyle.Normal;
            this.childProcess = Process.Start(pi);
            txtInfo.Text = string.Format("子进程ID：{0}\r\n子进程名：{1}", childProcess.Id, childProcess.ProcessName);

            ...
        }

控制代码为：

        private void btnWork_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.childProcess == null || this.childProcess.HasExited)
                return;

            if ((int)btnWork.Tag == 0)
            {
                btnWork.Tag = 1;
                btnWork.Text = "恢复";
                ProcessMgr.SuspendProcess(this.childProcess.Id);
            }
            else
            {
                btnWork.Tag = 0;
                btnWork.Text = "挂起";
                ProcessMgr.ResumeProcess(this.childProcess.Id);
            }
        }

子进程以一定时器模拟其工作，向主进程抛进度消息：

        private void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (progressBar.Value < progressBar.Maximum)
                progressBar.Value += 1;
            else
                progressBar.Value = 0;
            if (this.hostHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
                SendMessage(this.hostHandle, WM_PROGRESS, 0, progressBar.Value);
        }

代码量就这么的少，简单吧……

 

 

5、效果图：

为示例，做了两个图，其一为显示子进程，其二为隐藏子进程。

实际项目调用独立进程模块，是以隐藏方式调用的，以宿主展示其处理进度，如此图：

 

 

后记：

扩展思路，一些优秀的开源工具，如youtube_dl、ffmpeg等，都以独立进程方式存在，且可通过CMD管道通信。

以此进程控制原理，可以基于这些开源工具做出相当不错的GUI工具出来。毕竟相对于强大的命令行，人们还是以简单操作为方便。