c++ 读取图片RGB
#include"stdio.h"
#include"iostream.h"
#include"string.h"
#include <conio.h>
#include"stdlib.h"
#include"windows.h"
unsigned char *pBmpBuf;//读入图像数据的指针
int bmpWidth;//图像的宽
int bmpHeight;//图像的高
RGBQUAD *pColorTable;//颜色表指针
int biBitCount;//图像类型,每像素位数
/*****************************************************/
/*函数名称readBmp()*/
bool readBmp(char *bmpName)
{
//二进制读方式打开指定的图像文件
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"rb");
if(fp==0) return 0;
//跳过位图文件头结构BITMAPFILEHEADER
fseek(fp,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),0);
//定义位图信息头结构变量,读取位图信息头进内存,存放在变量head中
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
fread(&head, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1,fp);
//获取图像宽、高、每像素所占位数等信息
bmpWidth=head.biWidth;
bmpHeight=head.biHeight;
biBitCount=head.biBitCount;
//定义变量,计算图像每行像素所占的字节数(必须是4的倍数)
//int lineByte=(bmpWidth * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
//灰度图像有颜色表,且颜色表表项为256
if(biBitCount==8)
{
//申请颜色表所需要的空间,读颜色表进内存
pColorTable=new RGBQUAD[256];
fread(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
}
//申请位图数据所需要的空间,读位图数据进内存
pBmpBuf=new unsigned char[lineByte * bmpHeight];
fread(pBmpBuf,1,lineByte * bmpHeight,fp);
int BytesPerLine;
BYTE data[999999];
BYTE Color[1300][3];
BytesPerLine=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
fseek(fp,54,0);
for(int i=bmpHeight-1;i>=0;i--)
{
fread(data,1,BytesPerLine,fp);
for(int k=0;k <bmpWidth*3;k++)
{
if(k%3==2)
{
Color[k/3][2]=data[k-2];//b
Color[k/3][1]=data[k-1];//g
Color[k/3][0]=data[k-0];//r
}
}
int m=1,n;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色red分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][0]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
m=1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色green分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][1]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
m=1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色blue分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][2]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
}
//关闭文件
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
/*函数名称:saveBmp()函数参数:char *bmpName文件名字及路径;
unsigned char *imgBuf待存盘的位图数据;
int width以像素为单位待存盘位图的宽;
int height以像素为单位待存盘位图高;
int biBitCount每像素所占位数;
RGBQUAD *pColorTable颜色表指针
返回值:0为失败,1为成功.
说明:给定一个图像位图数据、宽、高、颜色表指针及每像素所占的位数等信息,
将其写到指定文件中*/
bool saveBmp(char *bmpName,unsigned char *imgBuf,int width,int height,
int biBitCount, RGBQUAD *pColorTable)
{
//如果位图数据指针为0,则没有数据传入,函数返回
if(!imgBuf) return 0;
//颜色表大小,以字节为单位,灰度图像颜色表为1024字节,彩色图像颜色表大小为0
int colorTablesize=0;
if(biBitCount==8)
colorTablesize=1024;
//待存储图像数据每行字节数为4的倍数
//int lineByte=(width * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
//以二进制写的方式打开文件
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"wb");
if(fp==0) return 0;
//申请位图文件头结构变量,填写文件头信息
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHead;
fileHead.bfType = 0x4D42;
//bmp类型
//bfSize是图像文件4个组成部分之和
fileHead.bfSize=sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+
sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+colorTablesize+
lineByte*height;
fileHead.bfReserved1=0;
fileHead.bfReserved2=0;
//bfOffBits是图像文件前3个部分所需空间之和
fileHead.bfOffBits=54+colorTablesize;
//写文件头进文件
fwrite(&fileHead,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1,fp);
//申请位图信息头结构变量,填写信息头信息
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
head.biBitCount=biBitCount;
head.biClrImportant=0;
head.biClrUsed=0;head.biCompression=0;
head.biHeight=height;
head.biPlanes=1;
head.biSize=40;
head.biSizeImage=lineByte*height;
head.biWidth=width;
head.biXPelsPerMeter=0;
head.biYPelsPerMeter=0;
//写位图信息头进内存
fwrite(&head,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,fp);
//如果灰度图像,有颜色表,写入文件
if(biBitCount==8)
fwrite(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
//写位图数据进文件
fwrite(imgBuf,height*lineByte,1,fp);
//关闭文件fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
void main()
{
//读入指定BMP文件进内存
char readPath[]="D:\\4.bmp";
readBmp(readPath);
//输出图像的信息
printf("width=%d,height=%d,biBitCount=%d\n",bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount);
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
//将图像数据存盘
char writePath[]="D:\\2.bmp";
saveBmp(writePath,pBmpBuf,bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount,pColorTable);
//清除缓冲区,pBmpBuf和pColorTable是全局变量,在文件读入时申请的空间
delete []pBmpBuf;
if(biBitCount==8)
delete []pColorTable;
}
#include"iostream.h"
#include"string.h"
#include <conio.h>
#include"stdlib.h"
#include"windows.h"
unsigned char *pBmpBuf;//读入图像数据的指针
int bmpWidth;//图像的宽
int bmpHeight;//图像的高
RGBQUAD *pColorTable;//颜色表指针
int biBitCount;//图像类型,每像素位数
/*****************************************************/
/*函数名称readBmp()*/
bool readBmp(char *bmpName)
{
//二进制读方式打开指定的图像文件
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"rb");
if(fp==0) return 0;
//跳过位图文件头结构BITMAPFILEHEADER
fseek(fp,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),0);
//定义位图信息头结构变量,读取位图信息头进内存,存放在变量head中
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
fread(&head, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1,fp);
//获取图像宽、高、每像素所占位数等信息
bmpWidth=head.biWidth;
bmpHeight=head.biHeight;
biBitCount=head.biBitCount;
//定义变量,计算图像每行像素所占的字节数(必须是4的倍数)
//int lineByte=(bmpWidth * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
//灰度图像有颜色表,且颜色表表项为256
if(biBitCount==8)
{
//申请颜色表所需要的空间,读颜色表进内存
pColorTable=new RGBQUAD[256];
fread(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
}
//申请位图数据所需要的空间,读位图数据进内存
pBmpBuf=new unsigned char[lineByte * bmpHeight];
fread(pBmpBuf,1,lineByte * bmpHeight,fp);
int BytesPerLine;
BYTE data[999999];
BYTE Color[1300][3];
BytesPerLine=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
fseek(fp,54,0);
for(int i=bmpHeight-1;i>=0;i--)
{
fread(data,1,BytesPerLine,fp);
for(int k=0;k <bmpWidth*3;k++)
{
if(k%3==2)
{
Color[k/3][2]=data[k-2];//b
Color[k/3][1]=data[k-1];//g
Color[k/3][0]=data[k-0];//r
}
}
int m=1,n;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色red分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][0]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
m=1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色green分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][1]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
m=1;
cout<<"第"<<i<<"行的颜色blue分量矩阵为:"<<endl;
for(k=0;k<bmpWidth;k++)
{
n=int(Color[k][2]);
if(n/100==0&&n/10==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else if(n/100==0)
cout<<" "<<n<<" ";
else
cout<<n<<" ";
if(k==10*m-1)
{
cout<<endl;
m++;
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
}
//关闭文件
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
/*函数名称:saveBmp()函数参数:char *bmpName文件名字及路径;
unsigned char *imgBuf待存盘的位图数据;
int width以像素为单位待存盘位图的宽;
int height以像素为单位待存盘位图高;
int biBitCount每像素所占位数;
RGBQUAD *pColorTable颜色表指针
返回值:0为失败,1为成功.
说明:给定一个图像位图数据、宽、高、颜色表指针及每像素所占的位数等信息,
将其写到指定文件中*/
bool saveBmp(char *bmpName,unsigned char *imgBuf,int width,int height,
int biBitCount, RGBQUAD *pColorTable)
{
//如果位图数据指针为0,则没有数据传入,函数返回
if(!imgBuf) return 0;
//颜色表大小,以字节为单位,灰度图像颜色表为1024字节,彩色图像颜色表大小为0
int colorTablesize=0;
if(biBitCount==8)
colorTablesize=1024;
//待存储图像数据每行字节数为4的倍数
//int lineByte=(width * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount+31)/32*4;
//以二进制写的方式打开文件
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"wb");
if(fp==0) return 0;
//申请位图文件头结构变量,填写文件头信息
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHead;
fileHead.bfType = 0x4D42;
//bmp类型
//bfSize是图像文件4个组成部分之和
fileHead.bfSize=sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER)+
sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)+colorTablesize+
lineByte*height;
fileHead.bfReserved1=0;
fileHead.bfReserved2=0;
//bfOffBits是图像文件前3个部分所需空间之和
fileHead.bfOffBits=54+colorTablesize;
//写文件头进文件
fwrite(&fileHead,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1,fp);
//申请位图信息头结构变量,填写信息头信息
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
head.biBitCount=biBitCount;
head.biClrImportant=0;
head.biClrUsed=0;head.biCompression=0;
head.biHeight=height;
head.biPlanes=1;
head.biSize=40;
head.biSizeImage=lineByte*height;
head.biWidth=width;
head.biXPelsPerMeter=0;
head.biYPelsPerMeter=0;
//写位图信息头进内存
fwrite(&head,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1,fp);
//如果灰度图像,有颜色表,写入文件
if(biBitCount==8)
fwrite(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
//写位图数据进文件
fwrite(imgBuf,height*lineByte,1,fp);
//关闭文件fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
void main()
{
//读入指定BMP文件进内存
char readPath[]="D:\\4.bmp";
readBmp(readPath);
//输出图像的信息
printf("width=%d,height=%d,biBitCount=%d\n",bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount);
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
//将图像数据存盘
char writePath[]="D:\\2.bmp";
saveBmp(writePath,pBmpBuf,bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount,pColorTable);
//清除缓冲区,pBmpBuf和pColorTable是全局变量,在文件读入时申请的空间
delete []pBmpBuf;
if(biBitCount==8)
delete []pColorTable;
}