linux下ssh使用rsa验证登陆MACOX
由于项目的需求，我这边ubuntu下常常需要SSH访问另外一台MACOS。
每次输入密码有点烦，就想到RSA公钥和密钥验证的方法。
像所有教程上讲的一样，本机执行
gong@hzsx:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
将公钥拷贝到MACOS的/tmp下，并给其他人以读权限：
gong@hzsx:~$ scp .ssh/id_rsa.pub git@192.168.1.123:/tmp
git@192.168.1.123's password:
id_rsa.pub 100% 390 0.4KB/s 00:00
于是登陆了MACOS，这里需要做一些准备工作。
MACOS用户目录下没有.ssh目录。更不用说.ssh下authorized_keys文件了。
dev-mini:~ devone$ mkdir .ssh
dev-mini:~ devone$ sudo chmod 740 /tmp/id_rsa.pub
dev-mini:~ devone$ sudo cat /tmp/id_rsa.pub >> /home/devone/.ssh/authorized_keys
dev-mini:~ devone$ sudo chmod 740 /home/devone/.ssh/authorized_keys
dev-mini:~ devone$ exit
为了以后ssh访问方便 我在本机添加一个配置文件
gong@hzsx:~$ cd .ssh/
gong@hzsx:~/.ssh$ vim config
添加以下内容
Host dev-mini
HostName dev-mini.local
User devone
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
以后ssh访问MAC OS，我就可以直接
gong@hzsx:~/.ssh$ ssh dev-mini
但是还是让输入密码。
我想应该是MAC OS上sshd_config的配置问题。不是ssh_config哦。
输密码进去
dev-mini:~ devone$ sudo vim /etc/sshd_config
修改后如下：
# $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.89 2013/02/06 00:20:42 dtucker Exp $
# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.
# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options override the
# default value.
# See sshd_config(5) for details on setting the Port and Listen values on Mac OS X
Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
# The default requires explicit activation of protocol 1
Protocol 2
# HostKey for protocol version 1
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 1h
ServerKeyBits 1024
# Logging
# obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes no
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
# The default is to check both .ssh/authorized_keys and .ssh/authorized_keys2
# but this is overridden so installations will only check .ssh/authorized_keys
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none
#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# To disable tunneled clear text passwords both PasswordAuthentication and
# ChallengeResponseAuthentication must be set to "no".
PasswordAuthentication yes
PermitEmptyPasswords no
# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
# Also, PAM will deny null passwords by default. If you need to allow
# null passwords, add the " nullok" option to the end of the
# securityserver.so line in /etc/pam.d/sshd.
UsePAM yes
#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#XauthLocation xauth # Default is to search $PATH (set by launchd(8)). It is recommended that a full path be provided.
X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Default for new installations.
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS yes
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none
# pass locale information
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
# no default banner path
#Banner none
# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/sftp-server
# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
# X11Forwarding no
# AllowTcpForwarding no
# ForceCommand cvs server
# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.
# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options override the
# default value.
# See sshd_config(5) for details on setting the Port and Listen values on Mac OS X
Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
# The default requires explicit activation of protocol 1
Protocol 2
# HostKey for protocol version 1
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 1h
ServerKeyBits 1024
# Logging
# obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes no
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
# The default is to check both .ssh/authorized_keys and .ssh/authorized_keys2
# but this is overridden so installations will only check .ssh/authorized_keys
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none
#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# To disable tunneled clear text passwords both PasswordAuthentication and
# ChallengeResponseAuthentication must be set to "no".
PasswordAuthentication yes
PermitEmptyPasswords no
# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
# Also, PAM will deny null passwords by default. If you need to allow
# null passwords, add the " nullok" option to the end of the
# securityserver.so line in /etc/pam.d/sshd.
UsePAM yes
#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#XauthLocation xauth # Default is to search $PATH (set by launchd(8)). It is recommended that a full path be provided.
X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Default for new installations.
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS yes
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none
# pass locale information
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
# no default banner path
#Banner none
# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/sftp-server
# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
# X11Forwarding no
# AllowTcpForwarding no
# ForceCommand cvs server
尤其注意这几个路径
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
中间不是 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
dev-mini:~ devone$ exit
gong@hzsx:~$ ssh dev-mini
dev-mini:~ devone$
终于搞定了。
