丰富“WinForms” 的一个别样"项目"（学生管理）
一个别样的WinForms项目，他并没多么的新颖，但是它的用处确实有点多，或许会有你需要的地方；如果你对WinForms中那么多控件无法把握，又或者是你根本就不懂，那我觉得你应该好好看看，如果一个人的人生命运无法去选择时，那我觉得接受它将是冲刺命运终点的最好动力，一切的不公平都是你为了躲避困难而找的借口，年轻人就需要不平坦的人生道路，通过刻苦奋斗得来的果实永远是最甜、平坦的人生亦是最幸福的瞬间。
那首先就是项目的框架分别是：登录(FrmLogin )——>主界面（FrmMain）——>修改密码（FrmUpdate）——>添加/修改/删除学生基本信息等。
框架搭好之后，我们了解一些框架内的代码吧！至于具体的一些控件呢！只能是自己慢慢去看看，有些注意点大家可以记下，在控件生成后要及时去修改控件的“Name”的属性，如果够专业就尽量取专业点名字，那样对你可能会有帮助的。
当界面形成后，事件会是你填写代码的最大障碍，所以WinForms的几个事件需要认真记住：（单击）Click，当界面显示在眼前就形成的（Load），窗体正在运行的（FormClosing），（鼠标在界面移动）mouseClick
1.登录界面（FrmLogin）
点击登陆进去的代码：
string str = "Data source=.;Initial catalog=Myschool;Uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "select count(1) from student where studentname='"+txtUserName.Text+"' and Loginpwd='"+txtPwd.Text+"'";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql,con);
try
{
con.Open();
int count=Convert.ToInt32(cmd.ExecuteScalar());
if (count>0)
{
//隐藏原界面
this.Hide();
//跳转至主界面
FormMain frm = new FormMain();
Tool.pwd = txtPwd.Text;
frm.Show();
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("出现异常");
}
finally
{
con.Close();
}
2.跳转主界面（FrmMain）
菜单控件，工具控件、右键（contextMenuStrip）控件，ListView控件、视图等
其中有ListView五大视图：
1.大图标（LargeIcon）
2.小图标（SmallIcon）
3.列表（List）
4.详细信息（Detail）
5.平铺（Tile）
生成上方主界面ListView代码：
private void btnBig_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//设置listview的属性view为大图标
lvlist.View = View.LargeIcon;
}
private void btnSmall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//设置listview的属性view为小图标
lvlist.View = View.SmallIcon;
}
private void btnTile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//设置listview的属性view为平铺
lvlist.View = View.Tile;
}
private void btnList_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//设置listview的属性view为列表
lvlist.View = View.List;
}
private void btnDetails_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//设置listview的属性view为详细信息
lvlist.View = View.Details;
}
跳转至其它的各个功能的窗体：
private void TsmiUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//修改密码
FrmUpdate frm = new FrmUpdate();
frm.Show();
}
private void lvlist_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void StuName_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//查找
this.Hide();
FrmColor frm = new FrmColor();
frm.Show();
}
3.修改密码（FrmUpdate）
判断密码是否为空，修改密码是否成功
private void btnupdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string name = string.Empty;
if (txtoldpwd.Text==name)
{
DialogResult result=MessageBox.Show("原密码为空","通知",MessageBoxButtons.YesNo,MessageBoxIcon.Information);
if (result==DialogResult.No)
{
this.Close();
}
}
if (txtnewpwd.Text == name)
{
DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("新密码密码为空", "通知", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
if (result == DialogResult.No)
{
this.Close();
}
}
if(txtOK.Text == name)
{
DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("确认密码为空", "通知", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
if (result == DialogResult.No)
{
this.Close();
}
}
if (txtoldpwd.Text != name && txtnewpwd.Text != name && txtOK.Text != name)
{
string str = "Data source=.;Initial catalog=Myschool;Uid=sa";
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "update student set Loginpwd='" + txtnewpwd.Text + "' where Loginpwd='" + txtoldpwd.Text + "'";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn);
try
{
conn.Open();
if (txtOK.Text.Equals(txtnewpwd.Text))
{
int count = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (count > 0)
{
MessageBox.Show("修改成功");
}
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("异常!"); ;
}
finally
{
conn.Close();
}
}
}
private void FrmUpdate_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
txtoldpwd.Text = Tool.pwd;
}
private void btncancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
4.查找学生信息（FrmReseach）
从查找可以跳转到添加/修改/删除窗体
private void btnselect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
UpdateSelect();
}
//按学生编号查找的方法
public void LoadDataFromDBToListView(string sql)
{
string str = "data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
try
{
con.Open();
SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
if (dr != null)
{
if (dr.HasRows)
{
while (dr.Read())
{
//每从DB中读取出一条数据，需要形成一个ListViewItem对象，代表的是ListView中的一行
int stuNo = Convert.ToInt32(dr["studentno"]);
//第二列 学生名字
string stuName = Convert.ToString(dr["studentname"]);
//第三列 性别
string stugender = Convert.ToString(dr["gender"]);
//第四列 年级名称
string gname = Convert.ToString(dr["gradename"]);
//第五列 电话
string phone = Convert.ToString(dr["phone"]);
//第六列 地址
string address = Convert.ToString(dr["address"]);
//第七列 邮箱
string email = Convert.ToString(dr["email"]);
//第八列 出生日期
string birthday = Convert.ToString(dr["birthday"]);
ListViewItem lvItem = new ListViewItem(stuNo.ToString());
lvItem.SubItems.Add(stuName);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(stugender);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(gname);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(phone);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(address);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(email);
lvItem.SubItems.Add(birthday);
//让lvItem和ListView关联
lvlist.Items.Add(lvItem);
lvlist.FullRowSelect = true;
lvlist.ContextMenuStrip = ctmslist;
}
dr.Close();
}
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("异常!"); ;
}
finally
{
con.Close();
}
}
private void listView1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string sql = @"select Studentno,Studentname,Gender,gradename
,phone,address,email,birthday from student,grade
where student.gradeid=grade.gradeid";
LoadDataFromDBToListView(sql);
}
public void UpdateSelect()
{
lvlist.Items.Clear();
string sql = @"select Studentno,Studentname,Gender,gradename,phone,address
,email,birthday from student,grade
where student.gradeid=grade.gradeid and studentname like '%" + txtname.Text + "%' ";
LoadDataFromDBToListView(sql);
}
private void TsStudentInfo_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int stuno=Convert.ToInt32(lvlist.SelectedItems[0].Text);
FrmEditStu frm = new FrmEditStu();
frm.stuno = stuno;
frm.frmselect = this;
frm.Show();
}
private void FrmColor_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
Application.Exit();
}
private void 删除学生信息ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int sno = Convert.ToInt32(lvlist.SelectedItems[0].Text);
FrmEditStu frm = new FrmEditStu();
frm.stuno = sno;
frm.frmselect = this;
frm.Show();
}
5.添加学生信息（FrmEditStu）
修改学生信息:
删除学生信息:
添加到数据库：
private void btnSave_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//接收到的学号
//判断学号是否为空来选择sql语句
//判断是否要删除信息
if (sno!=0)
{
DialogResult result=MessageBox.Show("是否删除?","提示",MessageBoxButtons.YesNo,MessageBoxIcon.Error);
if (result==DialogResult.Yes)
{
//删除
this.Hide();
ChangDelete();
}
}
if (stuno!=0)
{
//修改
this.Hide();
GetUpdate();
}
else
{
//新增
this.Hide();
GetSave();
}
}
//判断stuno是否有值来修改select语句
//新增
public void GetSave()
{
string pwd = txtpwd.Text;//密码
string pwdTrue = txtPwdTrue.Text;//确认密码
string name = txtStuName.Text;//学生名
string stuGender = string.Empty;//取单选列表
if (rbtnGenderTure.Checked)
{
stuGender = "1";
}
else
{
stuGender = "0";
}
//给下拉框取值
int gid = GetIdByName();
string phone = txtPhone.Text;//电话
string address = txtAddress.Text;//地址
DateTime dt = dtBirthday.Value;//日期
string stuEmail = txtEmail.Text;//邮箱
//StudentNo, LoginPwd, StudentName, Gender, GradeId, Phone, Address, Birthday, Email
string sql = "insert into student values('" + pwd + "','" + name + "','" + stuGender + "'," + gid + ",'" + phone + "','" + address + "','" + dt + "','" + stuEmail + "')";
string str = "Data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
con.Open();
if (pwd.Equals(pwdTrue))
{
int count = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (count > 0)
{
frmselect.UpdateSelect();
MessageBox.Show("成功！");
}
con.Close();
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("前后密码不匹配");
}
}
//修改
public void GetUpdate()
{
string name = txtStuName.Text;//学生名
string stuGender = string.Empty;//取单选列表
if (rbtnGenderTure.Checked)
{
stuGender = "1";
}
else
{
stuGender = "0";
}
//给下拉框取值
int gid = GetIdByName();
string phone = txtPhone.Text;//电话
string address = txtAddress.Text;//地址
DateTime dt = dtBirthday.Value;//日期
string stuEmail = txtEmail.Text;//邮箱
//StudentNo, LoginPwd, StudentName, Gender, GradeId, Phone, Address, Birthday, Email
string sql = @"update student set studentname='" + name +
"',gender='" + stuGender + "',gradeid='" + gid + "',phone='" +
phone + "',address='"+address+"',birthday='"+dt+"',email='"+stuEmail+
"' where studentno="+txtStuNo.Text+"";
string str = "Data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
con.Open();
int count = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
con.Close();
if (count > 0)
{
frmselect.UpdateSelect();
MessageBox.Show("成功！");
}
}
//删除
public void ChangDelete()
{
string pwd = txtpwd.Text;//密码
string pwdTrue = txtPwdTrue.Text;//确认密码
string name = txtStuName.Text;//学生名
string stuGender = string.Empty;//取单选列表
if (rbtnGenderTure.Checked)
{
stuGender = "1";
}
else
{
stuGender = "0";
}
//给下拉框取值
int gid = GetIdByName();
string phone = txtPhone.Text;//电话
string address = txtAddress.Text;//地址
DateTime dt = dtBirthday.Value;//日期
string stuEmail = txtEmail.Text;//邮箱
//StudentNo, LoginPwd, StudentName, Gender, GradeId, Phone, Address, Birthday, Email
string sql = @"delete from student where studentno='"+txtStuNo.Text+"' ";
string str = "Data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
con.Open();
if (pwd.Equals(pwdTrue))
{
int count = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if (count > 0)
{
frmselect.UpdateSelect();
MessageBox.Show("成功！");
}
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("前后密码不匹配");
}
con.Close();
}
//根据对应条件查询班级id
public int GetIdByName()
{
string str = "Data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "select gradeid from grade where gradename='"+cmbGrade.Text+"'";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
int gid = 0;
try
{
con.Open();
gid =Convert.ToInt32(cmd.ExecuteScalar());
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("网络异常");
}
finally
{
con.Close();
}
return gid;
}
//根据对应条件查询班级gname
public string GetNameById(int gid)
{
string str = "Data source=.;initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "select gradename from grade where gradeid=" + gid + "";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
string name = "";
try
{
con.Open();
name =cmd.ExecuteScalar().ToString();
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("网络异常");
}
finally
{
con.Close();
}
return name;
}
//加载年级下拉框
public void LoadGrade()
{
//拿到所有年级名称
string str = "Data source=.;Initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "select gradename from grade";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
try
{
con.Open();
SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
if (dr != null)
{
if (dr.HasRows)
{
while (dr.Read())
{
string gname = dr["gradename"].ToString();
//每读到一个年级名称，我就将"S1"，添加到下拉框
cmbGrade.Items.Add(gname);
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("网络异常");
}
finally
{
con.Close();
}
}
//根据学号加载其他信息
public void LoadStuInfoByStuNo()
{
string str = "Data source=.;Initial catalog=MySchool;uid=sa";
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(str);
string sql = "select * from student where studentno="+stuno+"";
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, con);
try
{
con.Open();
SqlDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
txtStuNo.Text = stuno.ToString();
if (dr!=null)
{
if (dr.HasRows)
{
while (dr.Read())
{
string stuname = dr["studentname"].ToString();
txtStuName.Text = stuname;//姓名
string stuGender = dr["gender"].ToString();
if (stuGender == "1")
{
rbtnGenderTure.Checked = true;
}
else if (stuGender == "0")
{
rbtnGender.Checked = true;
}//性别
int gid = Convert.ToInt32(dr["gradeid"]);
string gname = GetNameById(gid);
cmbGrade.Text = gname;//年级
string stuphone = dr["phone"].ToString();
txtPhone.Text = stuphone;//电话
string stuaddress = dr["address"].ToString();
txtAddress.Text = stuaddress;//地址
string stuemail = dr["email"].ToString();
txtEmail.Text = stuemail;//邮箱
DateTime stubirthday = Convert.ToDateTime(dr["birthday"]);
dtBirthday.Value = stubirthday;//出生日期
}
}
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
MessageBox.Show("异常!!"); ;
}
finally
{
}
}
private void FrmEditStu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//判断学号是否为空来选择sql语句
if ( sno != 0)
{
DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("是否删除?", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
if (result == DialogResult.Yes)
{
this.Text = "删除学生信息";
btnSave.Text = "删除";
LoadStuInfoByStuNo();
}
}
if(stuno!=0)
{
this.Text = "修改学生信息";
btnSave.Text = "修改";
LoadStuInfoByStuNo();
}
else
{
btnSave.Text = "保存";
LoadGrade();
}
}
private void FrmEditStu_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
Application.Exit();
}
private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Close();
}
6.动态图片时钟
计时控件：
通过时间来让几张图连接形成动态的计时：
private int index = 0;
private void timers_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (index<imglist.Images.Count-1)
{
index++;
}
else
{
index = 0;
}
piclist.Image = imglist.Images[index];
}
WinForms很重要，虽说难度不是很大，但它的内容太多，之间的融合又太复杂，所以难易与否只有自己知道，但只要认真听课、刻苦学习，我想时间会给我们大家最好的结果，所以我希望大家能指出我的一些不足之处，相信我们的互帮互助能让我们都变得更好。
