数据结构化与保存


1. 将新闻的正文内容保存到文本文件。

def save(content):
    f = open("content.txt", "a")
    f.write(content)
    f.close()

 

2. 将新闻数据结构化为字典的列表:

  • 单条新闻的详情-->字典news
  • 一个列表页所有单条新闻汇总-->列表newsls.append(news)
  • 所有列表页的所有新闻汇总列表newstotal.extend(newsls)
#获取新闻详情
def getNewDetail(newsUrl):
    url = newsUrl
    res2 = requests.get(url)
    res2.encoding = 'utf-8'
    soup2 = BeautifulSoup(res2.text, 'html.parser')
    info = soup2.select('.show-info')[0].text
    info = info.lstrip('发布时间:').rstrip('点击:次')
    list={}
    time = info[:info.find('作者')].rstrip()  # 发布时间
    list['time']=time
    author = info[info.find('作者:') + 3:info.find('审核')].rstrip()  # 作者
    list['author'] = author
    check = info[info.find('审核:') + 3:info.find('来源')].rstrip()  # 审核
    list['check'] = check
    source = info[info.find("来源:") + 3:info.find('摄影')].rstrip()  # 来源
    list['source'] = source
    clicknum = click(url)
    list['onclick'] = clicknum
    list['detail'] =  soup2.select('.show-content')[0].text.strip()
    storefile(soup2.select('.show-content')[0].text.strip())
    if (info.find("摄影:") > 0):
        photogra = info[info.find("摄影:") +3:].split() [0].lstrip()   # 摄影
        list['photogra'] = photogra
    else:
        list['photogra'] ="none"
    if (info.find("来源:") > 0):
        source = info[info.find("来源:") +3:].split() [0].lstrip() # 来源
        list['source'] = source
    else:
        list['source'] = "none"
    return (list)
newstotal = []
pageUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'
newstotal.extend(getListPage(pageUrl))
def getListPage(url):
  res = requests.get(url) 
  res.encoding = 'utf-8'
  soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser')
  newList = []
  for news in soup.select("li"):
    if (len(news.select('.news-list-info')) > 0):
        newsUrl = news.select('a')[0].attrs['href']
        newDetal = getNewDetail(newsUrl)
        newList.append(newDetal)
  return newList

 

3. 安装pandas,用pandas.DataFrame(newstotal),创建一个DataFrame对象df.

df = pandas.DataFrame(newsTotal)
print(df)

 

4. 通过df将提取的数据保存到csv或excel 文件。

import openpyxl
df.to_excel('gzccnews.xlsx')

 

5. 用pandas提供的函数和方法进行数据分析:

  • 提取包含点击次数、标题、来源的前6行数据
  • 提取‘学校综合办’发布的,‘点击次数’超过3000的新闻。
  • 提取'国际学院'和'学生工作处'发布的新闻。
  • 进取2018年3月的新闻
print(df[['title','clickCount','source']][:6])
print(df[(df['clickCount']>3000)&(df['source']=='学校综合办')])
sou = ['国际学院','学生工作处']
print(df[df['source'].isin(sou)])
dftime = df.set_index('time')
print(dftime['2018-03'])

 

6. 保存到sqlite3数据库

import sqlite3
with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db:
df3.to_sql('gzccnews05',con = db, if_exists='replace')

7. 从sqlite3读数据

with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db:
df2 = pandas.read_sql_query('SELECT * FROM gzccnews05',con=db)
print(df2)

import sqlite3

with sqlite3.connect("gzccdb.sqlite") as db:
    df1.to_sql('gzccdb01',con=db,if_exists='replace')

with sqlite3.connect("gzccdb.sqlite") as db:
    df2 = pandas.read_sql_query("select *from gzccdb01",con=db)
print("df2: \n",df2)

 

 

 

8. df保存到mysql数据库

安装SQLALchemy
安装PyMySQL
MySQL里创建数据库:create database gzccnews charset utf8;

import pymysql
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
conn = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:root@localhost:3306/gzccnews?charset=utf8')
pandas.io.sql.to_sql(df, 'gzccnews', con=conn, if_exists='replace')

MySQL里查看已保存了数据。(通过MySQL Client或Navicate。)

 

import pymysql
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
coon = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:root@localhost:3306/gzccnews?charset=utf8')
pandas.io.sql.to_sql(df3,"gzccnews",con=coon,if_exists='replace')

 

posted @ 2018-04-17 20:00  207钟程泰  阅读(129)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报