每日博客2
软件设计 石家庄铁道大学信息学院
实验18：迭代器模式
本次实验属于模仿型实验，通过本次实验学生将掌握以下内容：
1、理解迭代器模式的动机，掌握该模式的结构；
2、能够利用迭代器模式解决实际问题。
[实验任务一]：JAVA和C++常见数据结构迭代器的使用
信1305班共44名同学，每名同学都有姓名，学号和年龄等属性，分别使用JAVA内置迭代器和C++中标准模板库（STL）实现对同学信息的遍历，要求按照学号从小到大和从大到小两种次序输出学生信息。
实验要求：
1. 搜集并掌握JAVA和C++中常见的数据结构和迭代器的使用方法，例如，vector, list, map和set等；
2. 提交源代码；
Java:
package test18;
import java.util.*;
public class Client {
public static void maxSort(Collection c){
Iterator iterator = c.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
System.out.println(iterator.next().toString());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Students> students = new ArrayList<>();
students.add(new Students("hzy",123,"12"));
students.add(new Students("hzy",13,"12"));
students.add(new Students("hzy",156,"12"));
students.add(new Students("hzy",78,"12"));
//正序输出
System.out.println("=============正序输出================");
Collections.sort(students);
Client.maxSort(students);
//倒序输出
System.out.println("=============倒序输出================");
Collections.reverse(students);
Client.maxSort(students);
}
}
package test18;
import test07.StudentNo;
public class Students implements Comparable<Object>{
private String name;
private int no;
private String age;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void setNo(int no) {
this.no = no;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public int getNo() {
return no;
}
public Students(String name,int no,String age){
this.name = name;
this.no = no;
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Students{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", no='" + no + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
'}';
}
/**
* 实现Comparable<Object>接口，重写排序方法
* @param o
* @return
*/
@Override
public int compareTo(Object o) {
Students o1 = (Students)o;
return o1.no-this.no;
}
}
C++:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
class Students{
private:
string name;
string no;
string age;
public:
Students(string name,string no,string age){ this->name=name;
this->no=no;
this->age=age;}
void setName(string name){this->name = name;}
void setNo(string no){ this->no=no;}
void setAge(string age){ this->age=age;}
string getName(){return this->name;}
string getNo(){return this->no;}
string getAge(){return this->age;}
string toString() {
return "Students{name=" + name + '\'' +
", no='" + no + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
'}';
}
};
int main()
{
vector<Students> v; //v是存放int类型变量的可变长数组，开始时没有元素
Students student1("hzy","123","12");
Students student2("hzy","124","12");
Students student3("hzy","125","12");
Students student4("hzy","126","12");
Students student5("hzy","127","12");
v.push_back(student1);
v.push_back(student2);
v.push_back(student3);
v.push_back(student4);
v.push_back(student5);
cout<<"使用正向迭代器"<<endl;
vector<Students>::iterator i; //定义正向迭代器
for (i = v.begin(); i != v.end(); ++i) { //用迭代器遍历容器
cout << i->toString() << endl; //*i 就是迭代器i指向的元素
}
cout<<"使用反向迭代器"<<endl;
//用反向迭代器遍历容器
for (vector<Students>::reverse_iterator j = v.rbegin(); j != v.rend(); ++j)
cout << j->toString() << endl;
return 0;
}
3. 注意编程规范。
