Spring管理 hibernate 事务配置的五种方式
Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论是那种配置方法，一般变化的只是代理机制这块！
首先我创建了两个类，一个接口一个实现：
package com.dao; public interface UserDao { public void getUser(); }
实现：
package com.dao.impl; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; import com.dao.UserDao; public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { public void getUser(){ } }
第一种：每个Bean都有一个代理：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="20" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="10" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 会话工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 配置服务层 --> <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <bean id="userDao" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <property name="target" ref="userDaoAgency" /> <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.dao.UserDao" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> </beans>
第二种：所有Bean共享一个代理：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="20" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="10" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 会话工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务 --> <bean id="base" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" lazy-init="true" abstract="true"> <!-- 配置事务管理器 --> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置服务层 --> <bean id="userDao" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 代理对象 --> <bean id="userDaoAgency" parent="base"> <property name="target" ref="userDao" /> </bean> </beans>
第三种：拦截器：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="20" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="10" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 会话工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务 --> <bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor"> <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" /> <!-- 配置事务属性 --> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator"> <property name="beanNames"> <list> <value>*DaoImpl</value> </list> </property> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>transactionInterceptor</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置服务层 --> <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans>
第四种：使用tx标签配置的拦截器：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="20" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="10" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 会话工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" /> <!-- 定义事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 定义事务 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 定义切面 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.dao.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" /> </aop:config> </beans>
第五种：注解：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="10" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="10" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="20" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="10" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 会话工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="mappingLocations"> <list> <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect </prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 使用注解的包路径 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" /> <!-- 支持 @Transactional 标记 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> <!-- 定义事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> </beans>
如果使用了注解，那么实现类应该这样写：
package com.dao.impl; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.dao.UserDao; @Transactional @Component("userDaoAgency") public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { /** * 为方法增加事务处理特性 */ @Transactional(readOnly=true) public void getUser(){ } }
