基于Docker搭建大数据集群（一）Docker环境部署

本篇文章是基于Docker搭建大数据集群系列的开篇之作

主要内容

1. docker搭建
2. docker部署CentOS
3. 容器免密钥通信
4. 容器保存成镜像
5. docker镜像发布

环境

• Linux 7.6

一、Docker安装

安装工具包

yum install -y yum-utils 		#安装工具包，缺少这些依赖将无法完成```
### 设置远程仓库
```bash
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo```
### 安装
```bash
yum install docker-ce```
### 启动
```bash
systemctl start docker```
### 查看版本
```bash
docker version```
### 校验
```bash
docker run hello-world```
## 二、docker部署CentOS
### 拉取镜像
```bash
docker pull centos```
### 查看是否拉取成功
```bash
docker imsages```
### 设置docker网桥，用于分配固定IP
```bash
docker network create --subnet=172.15.0.0/16 netgroup```
### 创建容器
> --name  	容器名称
> -h 			容器主机名
> --net 		设置网桥
> --ip			指定容器IP
 
**master**

docker run -d --privileged -ti -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup --name cluster-master -h cluster-master --net netgroup --ip 172.15.0.2 centos /usr/sbin/init

**slave1**

docker run -d --privileged -ti -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup --name cluster-slave1-h cluster-slave1--net netgroup --ip 172.15.0.3 centos /usr/sbin/init

**slave2**

docker run -d --privileged -ti -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup --name cluster-slave2-h cluster-slave2--net netgroup --ip 172.15.0.4 centos /usr/sbin/init

**slave3**

docker run -d --privileged -ti -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup --name cluster-slave3-h cluster-slave3--net netgroup --ip 172.15.0.5 centos /usr/sbin/init

### 查看运行中的容器
```bash
docker ps```
### 查看所有容器，包括未运行的容器
```bash
docker pa -a```
### 运行容器
```bash
docker run 容器名或容器ID```
### 进入容器
```bash
docker run exec -ti 容器名或容器ID bash```
### 配置hosts文件
```bash
#安装VIM编辑工具
yum install vim
vim /etc/hosts
#追加以下内容
172.15.0.2      cluster-master
172.15.0.3      cluster-slave1
172.15.0.4      cluster-slave2
172.15.0.5      cluster-slave3
#将配置文件发送到其它节点
scp /etc/hosts cluster-slave1:/etc/
scp /etc/hosts cluster-slave2:/etc/
scp /etc/hosts cluster-slave3:/etc/
 

三、容器免密钥通信

更换阿里YUM源

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

部署OpenSSH

yum -y install openssh openssh-server openssh-clients
systemctl start sshd

生成密钥

敲出下面命令后连续回车三次

ssh-keygen -t rsa```
 
### 设置用户密码
```bash
passwd root```
### 公钥分发
> 在所有结点都生成密钥之后再进行这步
 
**master**
``` bash
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-master
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave1
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave2
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave3

slave1

ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-master
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave1
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave2
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave3

slave2

ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-master
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave1
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave2
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave3

slave3

ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-master
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave1
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave2
ssh-copy-id  -f -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cluster-slave3

测试免密钥

第一次敲下面命令时，会向你询问，直接打 yes，然后输入对应主机的访问密码
第二次敲ssh命令时，应当直接能够访问，无需输入密码
退出当前用户使用命令 exit

master

ssh cluster-master
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1

slave1

ssh cluster-master
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1

slave2

ssh cluster-master
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1

slave3

ssh cluster-master
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1
ssh cluster-slave1

四、容器保存成镜像

docker commit -m '提交文字说明' -a '作者' 容器名   提交后的镜像名:提交后的镜像tag名

五、镜像推送到远程仓库

新建账号

https://hub.docker.com/

创建一个镜像仓库

给需要推送的镜像打标签

docker tag  镜像id  要推入的仓库的用户名/要推入的仓库名:新定义的tag

推送镜像到仓库

docker push 要推入的仓库的用户名/要推入的仓库名:镜像标签