实验2

实验任务1：

源码及截图：

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <string>
 4 
 5 // 类T: 声明
 6 class T {
 7 // 对象属性、方法
 8 public:
 9     T(int x = 0, int y = 0);   // 普通构造函数
10     T(const T &t);  // 复制构造函数
 1 // 类T: 实现
 2 // 普通函数实现
 3 
 4 #include "t.h"
 5 #include <iostream>
 6 #include <string>
 7 
 8 using std::cout;
 9 using std::endl;
10 using std::string;
11 
12 // static成员数据类外初始化
13 const std::string T::doc{"a simple class sample"};
14 const int T::max_cnt = 999;
15 int T::cnt = 0;
16 
17 
18 // 对象方法
19 T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} { 
20     ++cnt; 
21     cout << "T constructor called.\n";
22 } 
23 
24 T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
25     ++cnt;
26     cout << "T copy constructor called.\n";
27 }
28 
29 T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
30     ++cnt;
31     cout << "T move constructor called.\n";
32 }    
33 
34 T::~T() {
35     --cnt;
36     cout << "T destructor called.\n";
37 }           
38 
39 void T::adjust(int ratio) {
40     m1 *= ratio;
41     m2 *= ratio;
42 }    
43 
44 void T::display() const {
45     cout << "(" << m1 << ", " << m2 << ")" ;
46 }     
47 
48 // 类方法
49 int T::get_cnt() {
50    return cnt;
51 }
52 
53 // 友元
54 void func() {
55     T t5(42);
56     t5.m2 = 2049;
57     cout << "t5 = "; t5.display(); cout << endl;
58 }


 


11     T(T &&t);       // 移动构造函数
12     ~T();           // 析构函数
13 
14     void adjust(int ratio);      // 按系数成倍调整数据
15     void display() const;           // 以(m1, m2)形式显示T类对象信息
16 
17 private:
18     int m1, m2;
19 
20 // 类属性、方法
21 public:
22     static int get_cnt();          // 显示当前T类对象总数
23 
24 public:
25     static const std::string doc;       // 类T的描述信息
26     static const int max_cnt;           // 类T对象上限
27 
28 private:




 1 #include "t.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 
 7 void test();
 8 
 9 int main() {
10     test();
11     cout << "\nmain: \n";
12     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
13 }
14 
15 void test() {
16     cout << "test class T: \n";
17     cout << "T info: " << T::doc << endl;
18     cout << "T objects'max count: " << T::max_cnt << endl;
19     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl << endl;
20 
21 
22     T t1;
23     cout << "t1 = "; t1.display(); cout << endl;
24 
25     T t2(3, 4);
26     cout << "t2 = "; t2.display(); cout << endl;
27 
28     T t3(t2);
29     t3.adjust(2);
30     cout << "t3 = "; t3.display(); cout << endl;
31 
32     T t4(std::move(t2));
33     cout << "t3 = "; t4.display(); cout << endl;
34 
35     cout << "T objects'current count: " << T::get_cnt() << endl;
36 
37     func();
38 }






 


29     static int cnt;         // 当前T类对象数目
30 
31 // 类T友元函数声明
32     friend void func();
33 };
34 
35 // 普通函数声明
36 void func();






 


问题1：




类外的普通函数没有声明导致报错


问题2：


普通构造函数：通过读入的数值构造一个类


复制构造函数：将一个类的信息复制到另一个类里


移动构造函数：将一个类的信息移动到另一个类里，并释放原类的内存空间


问题3：




不能通过编译


实验任务2：


源码及截图：




 1 #pragma once
 2 #include<string>
 3 class Complex{
 4     private:
 5         double real;
 6         double imag;
 7     public:
 8         static const std::string doc;
 9         Complex(double r=0,double i=0);
10         Complex(const Complex &c);
11         double get_real()const;
12         double get_imag()const;
13         void add(const Complex &c);
14         friend Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
15         friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
16         friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
17         friend double abs(const Complex &c);
18         friend void output(const Complex &c); 
19 };
20 Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
21 bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
22 bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
23 double abs(const Complex &c);
24 void output(const Complex &c); 






 1 #include"Complex.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 #include<string>
 4 #include<math.h>
 5 using std::cout;
 6 using std::endl;
 7 using std::string;
 8 const std::string Complex::doc{"a simplified Complex class"};
 9 
10 Complex::Complex(double r,double i):real{r},imag{i}{
11 }
12 Complex::Complex(const Complex &c):real{c.real},imag{c.imag}{
13 }
14 double Complex::get_real()const{
15     return real;
16 }
17 double Complex::get_imag()const{
18     return imag;
19 }
20 void Complex::add(const Complex &c){
21     real+=c.real;
22     imag+=c.imag;
23     
24 }
25 Complex add(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
26     return Complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
27 }
28 bool is_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
29     if(c1.real==c2.real&&c1.imag==c2.imag){
30         return true;
31     }
32     else
33     return false;
34 }
35 bool is_not_equal(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2){
36     if(c1.real==c2.real&&c1.imag==c2.imag){
37         return false;
38     }
39     else
40     return true;
41 }
42 void output(const Complex &c){
43     if(c.imag>=0){
44     cout<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
45     }
46     else
47     cout<<c.real<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;
48 }
49 double abs(const Complex &c){
50     double t;
51     t=sqrt(pow(c.real,2)+pow(c.imag,2));
52     return t;
53 }






 1 #include "Complex.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 using std::boolalpha;
 7 
 8 void test() {
 9     cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
10     cout << Complex::doc << endl;
11 
12     cout << endl;
13 
14     cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
15     Complex c1;
16     Complex c2(3, -4);
17     const Complex c3(3.5);
18     Complex c4(c3);
19 
20     cout << "c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
21     cout << "c2 = "; output(c2); cout << endl;
22     cout << "c3 = "; output(c3); cout << endl;
23     cout << "c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
24     cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;
25 
26     cout << endl;
27 
28     cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
29     cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
30     c1.add(c2);
31     cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; output(c1); cout << endl;
32     cout << boolalpha;
33     cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
34     cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
35     c4 = add(c2, c3);
36     cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; output(c4); cout << endl;
37 }
38 
39 int main() {
40     test();
41 }






 


 


实验任务3：


源码及截图：




 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <complex>
 3 
 4 using std::cout;
 5 using std::endl;
 6 using std::boolalpha;
 7 using std::complex;
 8 
 9 void test() {
10     cout << "标准库模板类comple测试: " << endl;
11     complex<double> c1;
12     complex<double> c2(3, -4);
13     const complex<double> c3(3.5);
14     complex<double> c4(c3);
15 
16     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
17     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
18     cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
19     cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
20     cout << "c4.real = " << c4.real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.imag() << endl;
21     cout << endl;
22 
23     cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
24     cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
25     c1 += c2;
26     cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = " << c1 << endl;
27     cout << boolalpha;
28     cout << "c1 == c2 : " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
29     cout << "c1 != c3 : " << (c1 != c3) << endl;
30     c4 = c2 + c3;
31     cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = " << c4 << endl;
32 }
33 
34 int main() {
35     test();
36 }






 


实验任务4：


源码及截图：




  1 #include<iostream>
  2 #include<string>
  3 #include<math.h> 
  4 using namespace std;
  5 class Fraction{
  6     public:
  7         static const std::string doc;
  8         Fraction(int r,int i=1){
  9             up=r;
 10             down=i;
 11             if(down<0){
 12                 up=-1*up;
 13                 down=-1*down;
 14             }
 15         }
 16         Fraction(const Fraction &c){
 17             up=c.up;
 18             down=c.down;
 19         }
 20         int get_up(){
 21             return up;
 22         }
 23         int get_down(){
 24             return down;
 25         }
 26         Fraction negative(){
 27             return Fraction(-1*up,down);
 28         }
 29         friend void output(const Fraction &c);
 30         
 31         friend Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
 32         
 33         friend Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
 34         
 35         friend Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
 36         
 37         friend Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2);
 38         
 39     private:
 40         int up;
 41         int down;
 42              
 43 };
 44 const std::string Fraction::doc{"Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算."};
 45 void output(const Fraction &c){
 46             int i,n,m;
 47             if(c.down==0){
 48                 cout<<"分母不能为0";
 49             }
 50             else if(c.up==0){
 51                 cout<<0;
 52             }
 53             
 54             else if(c.down==1){
 55                 cout<<c.up<<endl;
 56             }
 57             else{
 58         
 59                 for(i=2;i<=abs(c.up)&&i<=c.down;i++){
 60                     if(abs(c.up)%i==0&&c.down%i==0){
 61                         n=c.up/i;
 62                         m=c.down/i;
 63                     }
 64                 }
 65                 if(i<abs(c.up))
 66                 cout<<n<<"/"<<m;
 67                 else
 68                 cout<<c.up<<"/"<<c.down;
 69             }
 70         }
 71 Fraction add(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
 72             return Fraction(f1.up*f2.down+f2.up*f1.down,f1.down*f2.down); 
 73         }
 74 Fraction sub(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
 75             return Fraction(f1.up*f2.down-f2.up*f1.down,f1.down*f2.down);
 76         }
 77 Fraction mul(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
 78             return Fraction(f1.up*f2.up,f1.down*f2.down);
 79         }        
 80 Fraction div(const Fraction &f1,const Fraction &f2){
 81             return Fraction(f1.up*f2.down,f1.down*f2.up);
 82         }        
 83         
 84         
 85 void test1() {
 86     cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
 87     cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
 88 
 89     Fraction f1(5);
 90     Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
 91     Fraction f4(f3);
 92     cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
 93     cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
 94     cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
 95     cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
 96 
 97     Fraction f5(f4.negative());
 98     cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
 99     cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " << f5.get_down() << endl;
100 
101     cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
102     cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
103     cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
104     cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
105     cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
106 }
107 
108 void test2() {
109     Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
110     cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
111     cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
112     cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
113 }
114 
115 int main() {
116     cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
117     test1();
118 
119     cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
120     test2();
121 }






 


 


实验任务5：


源码及截图：




  1  #include<cmath>
  2 #include<iostream>
  3 
  4 using namespace std;
  5  #ifndef _ACCOUNT_H_
  6 
  7 #define _ACCOUNT_H_
  8 
  9 class SavingsAccount //储蓄账户类
 10 
 11 {
 12 
 13 private:
 14 
 15     int id; //账号
 16 
 17     double balance; //余额
 18 
 19     double rate; //存款的年利率
 20 
 21     int lastDate; //上次变更余额的日期
 22 
 23     double accumulation; //余额按日累加之和
 24 
 25     static double total; //所有账户的总金额
 26 
 27                          //记录一笔账，date为日期，desc为说明
 28 
 29     void record(int date, double amount);
 30 
 31     //获得到指定日期为止的存款金额按日累积值
 32 
 33     double accumulate(int date) const
 34 
 35     {
 36 
 37         return accumulation + balance*(date - lastDate);
 38 
 39     }
 40 
 41 public:
 42 
 43     //构造函数
 44 
 45     SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
 46 
 47     int getId() const { return id; }
 48 
 49     double getBalance() const { return balance; }
 50 
 51     double getRate() const { return rate; }
 52 
 53     static double getTotal() { return total; }
 54 
 55     void deposit(int date, double amount); //存入现金
 56 
 57     void withdraw(int date, double amount); //取出现金
 58 
 59                                             //结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数
 60 
 61     void settle(int date);
 62 
 63     //显示账户信息
 64 
 65     void show() const;
 66 
 67 };
 68 
 69 #endif//_ACCOUNT_H_
 70 
 71 
 72 
 73 
 74 
 75 
 76 using namespace std;
 77 
 78 double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
 79 
 80 //SavingsAccount类相关成员函数的实现
 81 
 82 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate)
 83 
 84     : id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0)
 85 
 86 {
 87 
 88     cout << date << "\t#" << id << " is created" << endl;
 89 
 90 }
 91 
 92 void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount)
 93 
 94 {
 95 
 96     accumulation = accumulate(date);
 97 
 98     lastDate = date;
 99 
100     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100; //保留小数点后两位
101 
102     balance += amount;
103 
104     total += amount;
105 
106     cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
107 
108 }
109 
110 void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount)
111 
112 {
113 
114     record(date, amount);
115 
116 }
117 
118 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount)
119 
120 {
121 
122     if (amount>getBalance())
123 
124         cout << "Error:not enough money" << endl;
125 
126     else
127 
128         record(date, -amount);
129 
130 }
131 
132 void SavingsAccount::settle(int date)
133 
134 {
135 
136     double interest = accumulate(date)*rate / 365; //计算年息
137 
138     if (interest != 0)
139 
140         record(date, interest);
141 
142     accumulation = 0;
143 
144 }
145 
146 void SavingsAccount::show() const
147 
148 {
149 
150     cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
151 
152 }
153 int main()
154  
155 {
156  
157     //建立几个账户
158  
159     SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
160  
161     SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
162  
163     //几笔账目
164  
165     sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
166  
167     sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
168  
169     sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
170  
171     sa1.withdraw(60, 4000);
172  
173     //开户后第90天到了银行的计息日，结算所有账户的年息
174  
175     sa0.settle(90);
176  
177     sa1.settle(90);
178  
179     //输出各个账户信息
180  
181     sa0.show(); cout << endl;
182  
183     sa1.show(); cout << endl;
184  
185     cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
186  
187     return 0;
188  
189 }






 






            

            
posted @ 
2024-10-23 17:11 
白小泽 
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