使用Python管理压缩包

一、 使用tarfile库读取与创建tar包#

1. 创建tar包

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In [1]: import tarfile   In [2]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar',mode='w') as out:    ...:     out.add('1.txt')    ...:     out.add('2.txt')    ...:

2. 读取tar包

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In [1]: import tarfile   In [2]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar') as t:    ...:     for file in t.getmembers():    ...:         print(file.name)    ...:         1.txt 2.txt

3. 创建压缩包

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In [8]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='w:gz') as out:    ...:     out.add('1.txt')    ...:     out.add('2.txt')

4. 读取压缩包

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In [10]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:     ...:     for f in out.getmembers():     ...:         print(f.name)     ...:                 1.txt 2.txt

5. 提取单个或者所有文件

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In [14]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:     ...:     out.extract('1.txt')     ...:                    In [15]: with tarfile.open('demo.tar.gz',mode='r:gz') as out:     ...:     out.extractall()     ...:

 

二、使用zipfile库创建和读取压缩包#

1. 创建zip文件

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In [19]: import zipfile   In [20]: newZip = zipfile.ZipFile('demo.zip','w')   In [21]: newZip.write('1.txt')   In [22]: newZip.write('2.txt')   In [23]: newZip.close()

2. 读取zip文件

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In [24]: newZip = zipfile.ZipFile('demo.zip')   In [25]: newZip.namelist() Out[25]: ['1.txt', '2.txt']

3. 解压zip文件

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In [27]: newZip.extract('1.txt') Out[27]: '/tmp/test/1.txt'   In [28]: newZip.extractall()

　　

三、 使用shutil管理压缩包#

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In [40]: import shutil   In [41]: shutil.make_archive('demo','zip') Out[41]: 'demo.zip'   In [42]: shutil.make_archive('demo','gztar') Out[42]: 'demo.tar.gz'   In [43]: shutil.unpack_archive('demo.tar.gz')   In [44]: shutil.unpack_archive('demo.zip')