Linux之expect
一,安装expect
- yum install expect
其实expect根bash形势上差不多的.
二,实例
1,ssh实现自动登录,并停在登录服务器上
- #!/usr/bin/expect -f
- set ip [lindex $argv 0 ] //接收第一个参数,并设置IP
- set password [lindex $argv 1 ] //接收第二个参数,并设置密码
- set timeout 10 //设置超时时间
- spawn ssh root@$ip //发送ssh请求
- expect { //返回信息匹配
- "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue} //第一次ssh连接会提示yes/no,继续
- "*password:" { send "$password\r" } //出现密码提示,发送密码
- }
- interact //交互模式,用户会停留在远程服务器上面.
运行结果如下:
- root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test.exp 192.168.1.130 admin
- spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
- Last login: Fri Sep 7 10:47:43 2012 from 192.168.1.142
- [root@linux ~]#
这个例子有统一的接口,根据IP和密码可以连接到不同的机器.如果你嫌输入IP和密码麻烦,看下面的例子
- #!/usr/bin/expect -f
- set ip 192.168.1.130
- set password admin
- set timeout 10
- spawn ssh root@$ip
- expect {
- "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
- "*password:" { send "$password\r" }
- }
- interact
运行结果如下:
- root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./web.exp
- spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
- Last login: Fri Sep 7 12:59:02 2012 from 192.168.1.142
- [root@linux ~]#
2,ssh远程登录到服务器,并且执行命令,执行完后并退出
- #!/usr/bin/expect -f
- set ip 192.168.1.130
- set password admin
- set timeout 10
- spawn ssh root@$ip
- expect {
- "*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue}
- "*password:" { send "$password\r" }
- }
- expect "#*"
- send "pwd\r"
- send "exit\r"
- expect eof
运行结果如下:
- root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test3.exp
- spawn ssh root@192.168.1.130
- root@192.168.1.130's password:
- Last login: Fri Sep 7 14:05:07 2012 from 116.246.27.90
- [root@localhost ~]# pwd
- /root
- [root@localhost ~]# exit
- logout
- Connection to 192.168.1.130 closed.
3,远程登录到ftp,并且下载文件
- #!/usr/bin/expect -f
- set ip [lindex $argv 0 ]
- set dir [lindex $argv 1 ]
- set file [lindex $argv 2 ]
- set timeout 10
- spawn ftp $ip
- expect "Name*"
- send "zwh\r"
- expect "Password:*"
- send "zwh\r"
- expect "ftp>*"
- send "lcd $dir\r"
- expect {
- "*file" { send_user "local $_dir No such file or directory";send "quit\r" }
- "*now*" { send "get $dir/$file $dir/$file\r"}
- }
- expect {
- "*Failed" { send_user "remote $file No such file";send "quit\r" }
- "*OK" { send_user "$file has been download\r";send "quit\r"}
- }
- expect eof
运行结果如下:
- root@ubuntu:/home/zhangy# ./test2.exp 192.168.1.130 /var/www/www aaa.html
- spawn ftp 192.168.1.130
- Connected to 192.168.1.130.
- 220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5)
- Name (192.168.1.130:root): zwh
- 331 Please specify the password.
- Password:
- 230 Login successful.
- Remote system type is UNIX.
- Using binary mode to transfer files.
- ftp> lcd /var/www/www
- Local directory now /var/www/www
- ftp> get /var/www/www/aaa.html /var/www/www/aaa.html
- local: /var/www/www/aaa.html remote: /var/www/www/aaa.html
- 200 PORT command successful. Consider using PASV.
- 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for /var/www/www/aaa.html (66 bytes).
- 226 File send OK.
- 66 bytes received in 0.00 secs (515.6 kB/s)
- quit aaa.html has been download
- 221 Goodbye.
4.在bash中也可以加expect
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/expect <<-EOF
set time 200
spawn ssh test1@192.168.1.114
expect {
"*yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
"*password*" { send "test1\r" }
}
expect "]$"
send "pwd\r"
send "touch express\r"
interact
EOF
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