Constant strings

Constant strings on the other hand are typically declared and defined using syntax like this:

// MyExample.h - declaration, other code references this
extern NSString * const MyExampleNotification;

// MyExample.m - definition, compiled for other code to reference
NSString * const MyExampleNotification = @"MyExampleNotification";

The point of the syntactic exercise here is that you can make uses of the string efficient by ensuring that there's only one instance of that string in use even across multiple frameworks (shared libraries) in the same address space. (The placement of the const keyword matters; it guarantees that the pointer itself is guaranteed to be constant.)

While burning memory isn't as big a deal as it may have been in the days of 25MHz 68030 workstations with 8MB of RAM, comparing strings for equality can take time. Ensuring that most of the time strings that are equal will also be pointer-equal

Say, for example, you want to subscribe to notifications from an object by name. If you use non-constant strings for the names, the NSNotificationCenter posting the notification could wind up doing a lot of byte-by-byte string comparisons when determining who is interested in it. If most of these comparisons are short-circuited because the strings being compared have the same pointer, that can be a big win.

原文：

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25746/whats-the-difference-between-a-string-constant-and-a-string-literal