关于Ubuntu下搭建DNS服务器
结论：
/etc/bind/named.conf.local 中 zone"localhost" zone "127.in-addr.arpa" 就是一个最好的例子 前者是正向 后者逆向
ubuntu下bind9配置说明： http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Bind9%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97
环境：解析如下域名和IP地址
www.fadeaway.com 11.11.11.11
zxs.fadeaway.com 11.11.11.11
xst.fadeaway.com 11.11.11.12
工具：bind9
安装：sudo apt-get install bind9
配置：1. bind9的配置文件在 /etc/bind/下；named.conf，named.conf.options和named.conf.local是主要的配置文件；
2. named.conf.options文件中forwarders {}中填的是dns地址，在主dns没有你要找的域名时，向哪递归；
1 options { 2 //directory "/var/cache/bind"; 3 directory "/etc/bind"; 4 forwarders {192.168.1.1;}; 5 // If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want 6 // to talk to, you may need to fix the firewall to allow multiple 7 // ports to talk. See http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/800113 8 9 // If your ISP provided one or more IP addresses for stable 10 // nameservers, you probably want to use them as forwarders. 11 // Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing 12 // the all-0's placeholder. 13 14 // forwarders 15 //{ 16 // 8.8.8.8; 17 // 8.8.4.4; 18 //}; 19 20 auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 21 listen-on-v6 { any; }; 22 };
3.本次实验只需要更改named.conf.local即可;
下面是named.conf.local的内容，9-18行是我们要添加的内容，注意{}后面要有“；”
fadeaway.com是正向的，11.in-addr.arpa是逆向的（可阅读TCP/IP详解-卷一，DNS章）
1 // 2 // Do any local configuration here 3 // 4 5 // Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your 6 // organization 7 //include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918"; 8 9 zone "fadeaway.com" { 10 type master; 11 file "/etc/bind/db.fadeaway.com"; 12 }; 13 14 15 zone "11.in-addr.arpa" { 16 type master; 17 file "/etc/bind/db.11"; 18 };
4.下面需要在/etc/bind/下建立两个文件，db.fadeaway.com和db.11;
文件名和named.conf.local对应；
db.fadeaway.com
1 $TTL 604800 2 @ IN SOA fadeaway.com. root.fadeaway.com. ( 3 2 ; Serial 4 604800 ; Refresh 5 86400 ; Retry 6 2419200 ; Expire 7 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL 8 ; 9 @ IN NS fadeaway.com. 10 @ IN A 11.11.11.11 11 WWW IN A 11.11.11.11 12 zxs IN CNAME www 13 xst IN A 11.11.11.12
db.11
1 $TTL 604800 2 @ IN SOA fadeaway.com. root.fadeaway.com. ( 3 1 ; Serial 4 604800 ; Refresh 5 86400 ; Retry 6 2419200 ; Expire 7 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL 8 ; 9 @ IN NS fadeaway.com. 10 11.11.11 IN PTR fadeaway.com. 11 11.11.11 IN PTR www.fadeaway.com. 12 12.11.11 IN PTR xst.fadeaway.com
5. sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 restart 重启bind9，加载配置
6. tail /var/log/syslog 查看系统日志，是否成功运行
7. 使用nslookup进行检测
sudo apt-get install nslookup
1 $ nslookup www.fadeaway.com 10.24.8.148 2 Server: 10.24.8.148 3 Address: 10.24.8.148#53 4 5 Name: www.fadeaway.com 6 Address: 11.11.11.11 7 8 $ nslookup zxs.fadeaway.com 10.24.8.148 9 Server: 10.24.8.148 10 Address: 10.24.8.148#53 11 12 zxs.fadeaway.com canonical name = www.fadeaway.com. 13 Name: www.fadeaway.com 14 Address: 11.11.11.11 15 16 $ nslookup xst.fadeaway.com 10.24.8.148 17 Server: 10.24.8.148 18 Address: 10.24.8.148#53 19 20 Name: xst.fadeaway.com 21 Address: 11.11.11.12
