sql inner join , left join, right join , union,union all 的用法和区别
Persons 表:
Id_P | LastName | FirstName | Address | City |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Adams | John | Oxford Street | London |
2 | Bush | George | Fifth Avenue | New York |
3 | Carter | Thomas | Changan Street | Beijing |
"Orders" 表:
Id_O | OrderNo | Id_P |
---|---|---|
1 | 77895 | 3 |
2 | 44678 | 3 |
3 | 22456 | 1 |
4 | 24562 | 1 |
5 | 34764 | 65 |
1、inner等同于inner join :在表中存在至少一个匹配时,INNER JOIN 关键字返回行。
inner用法:
SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo FROM Persons INNER JOIN Orders ON Persons.Id_P=Orders.Id_P ORDER BY Persons.LastName
输出结果:
LastName | FirstName | OrderNo |
---|---|---|
Adams | John | 22456 |
Adams | John | 24562 |
Carter | Thomas | 77895 |
Carter | Thomas | 44678 |
2、left join:LEFT JOIN 关键字会从左表 (table_name1) 那里返回所有的行,即使在右表 (table_name2) 中没有匹配的行。
left join 用法:
SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo FROM Persons LEFT JOIN Orders ON Persons.Id_P=Orders.Id_P ORDER BY Persons.LastName
输出结果
LastName | FirstName | OrderNo |
Adams | John | 22456 |
Adams | John | 24562 |
Carter | Thomas | 77895 |
Carter | Thomas | 44678 |
Bush | George |
3、right join :RIGHT JOIN 关键字会右表 (table_name2) 那里返回所有的行,即使在左表 (table_name1) 中没有匹配的行。
right join 的用法
SELECT Persons.LastName, Persons.FirstName, Orders.OrderNo FROM Persons RIGHT JOIN Orders ON Persons.Id_P=Orders.Id_P ORDER BY Persons.LastName
输出结果:
LastName | FirstName | OrderNo |
Adams | John | 22456 |
Adams | John | 24562 |
Carter | Thomas | 77895 |
Carter | Thomas | 44678 |
34764 |
4、union : union 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。不会出现重复数据
5、union all :union all 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。会出现重复数据