使用Dapper访问SQL Server数据库

 

对应Demo程序名:DapperDemo

 

准备工作:为项目安装Dapper类库

方法一:项目中添加:项目名右键;Manage NuGet Packages;搜索Dappe;点击安装

方法二:在NuGet官网(https://www.nuget.org/)查询类库的安装命令:

              搜索Dapper;找到安装命令(Install-Package Dapper -Version 1.60.6);在Visual Studio中打开包管理工具控制台(Tools→NuGget Package Manager→Packages Manager Console);

              选中默认的项目(DapperDemo)并输入安装命令;回车

             

 

一、创建实体类,例如Person.cs

作用:Person类对应数据库中的Person表,各字段对应数据库表的各列。

 1     public class Person
 2     {
 3         public int Id { get; set; }
 4         public string FirstName { get; set; }
 5         public string LastName { get; set; }
 6         public string EmailAddress { get; set; }
 7         public DateTime CreatedOn { get; set; }
 8         public string IpAddress { get; set; }
 9         
10         //定义一个属性,用来计算所有属性
11         /// <summary>
12         /// 计算属性,返回用户的详细信息
13         /// </summary>
14         public string Display
15         {
16             get
17             {
18                 return $"{FirstName} {LastName} ({EmailAddress}) {IpAddress}";
19             }
20         }
21     }

 

二、创建数据库连接帮助类DbHelper.cs

作用:从配置文件中读取数据库连接字符串。

 1     public class DbHelper
 2     {
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 从配置文件中读取数据库连接字符串
 5         /// </summary>
 6         public static string ConnectionString
 7         {
 8             get { return ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Dbconn"].ConnectionString; }
 9         }
10     }

注:解决ConfigurationManager标红:添加引用Reference→Add Reference→System.Configuration,再在程序中引用using System.Configuration;

 

三、数据库连接配置(App.config)

作用:在配置文件中存放数据库连接信息,如需修改,只修改配置文件而不用修改源代码,符合开闭原则。

在<configuration>节点下添加<connectionStrings>节点,存放数据库连接信息:

1 <configuration>
2     <connectionStrings>
3       <add name="Dbconn" connectionString="Server=127.0.0.1;Database=master;User Id=sa;Password=Phoenix@2019;" />
4     </connectionStrings>
5 </configuration>

 

四、创建数据库访问类PersonService.cs

作用:连接并访问数据库,读取或写入到数据库。

 1     public class PersonService
 2     {
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 根据用户姓氏查询用户集合 
 5         /// </summary>
 6         /// <param name="lastName">姓氏</param>
 7         /// <returns></returns>
 8         public List<Person> FindListByLastName(string lastName)
 9         {
10             //SELECT * FROM Person WHERE LastName='Pye'
11             using (IDbConnection db = new SqlConnection(DbHelper.ConnectionString))
12             {
13                 //where后直接跟变量来查询,不能避免SQL注入,应使用后边一种写法
14                 //string sql = $"SELECT * FROM Person WHERE LastName='{lastName}'";
15                 //IEnumerable<Person> list = db.Query<Person>(sql);
16 
17                 //Dapper应对SQL注入
18                 //where后边限定属性LastName的必须是@LastName格式,且Query中添加匿名对象new { LastName = lastName},lastName在这里传入
19                 string sql = $"SELECT * FROM Person WHERE LastName=@LastName";
20                 IEnumerable<Person> list = db.Query<Person>(sql, new { LastName = lastName});
21                 return list.ToList();
22             }
23             //using语句块结束后自动释放资源,释放数据库连接。
24         }
25         
26         /// <summary>
27         /// 写入一条用户数据
28         /// </summary>
29         /// <param name="person">用户信息实体</param>
30         /// <returns></returns>
31         public bool Insert(Person person)
32         {
33             using (IDbConnection db = new SqlConnection(DbHelper.ConnectionString))
34             {
35                 string sql = "INSERT INTO Person(FirstName, LastName, EmailAddress, CreatedOn) VALUES(@FirstName, @LastName, @EmailAddress, @CreatedOn)";
36                 int result = db.Execute(sql, person);
37                 return result > 0;  //简化的转换写法
38             }
39         }
40 
41         /// <summary>
42         /// 删除一条用户数据
43         /// </summary>
44         /// <param name="personId">用户Id</param>
45         /// <returns></returns>
46         public bool Delete(int personId)
47         {
48             using (IDbConnection db = new SqlConnection(DbHelper.ConnectionString))
49             {
50                 string sql = "DELETE FROM Person WHERE Id = @Id";  //where很重要!!!
51                 int result = db.Execute(sql, new { Id = personId });
52                 return result > 0;  //简化的转换写法
53             }
54         }
55 
56         /// <summary>
57         /// 更新一条用户数据
58         /// </summary>
59         /// <param name="person">用户信息实体</param>
60         /// <returns></returns>
61         public bool Update(Person person)
62         {
63             using (IDbConnection db = new SqlConnection(DbHelper.ConnectionString))
64             {
65                 string sql =
66                     "UPDATE Person SET FirstName = @FirstName, LastName = @LastName, EmailAddress = @EmailAddress WHERE Id = @Id";  //where很重要!!!
67                 int result = db.Execute(sql, person);
68                 return result > 0;  //简化的转换写法
69             }
70         }
71 
72         /// <summary>
73         /// 根据用户Id查询用户
74         /// </summary>
75         /// <param name="personId">用户Id</param>
76         /// <returns></returns>
77         public Person FindByPersonId(int personId)
78         {
79             using (IDbConnection db = new SqlConnection(DbHelper.ConnectionString))
80             {
81                 string sql = $"SELECT * FROM Person WHERE Id=@Id";
82                 IEnumerable<Person> list = db.Query<Person>(sql, new { Id = personId });
83                 return list.FirstOrDefault();
84             }
85         }
86     }

 

五、Dashboard界面

作用:分别实现增删改查方法。

后台代码中结合具体数据,调用PersonService中的访问数据库的方法,实现相关业务功能。

 1         private void btnSearch_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 2         {
 3             PersonService ps = new PersonService();
 4             List<Person> result = ps.FindListByLastName(txtSearchLastName.Text);
 5             lstSearchResult.DataSource = result;
 6             lstSearchResult.DisplayMember = "Display";
 7         }
 8 
 9         private void btnCreate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
10         {
11             PersonService ps = new PersonService();
12             Person person = new Person()
13             {
14                 FirstName = txtFirstName.Text,
15                 LastName = txtLastName.Text,
16                 EmailAddress = txtEmailAddress.Text,
17                 CreatedOn = DateTime.Now
18             };
19 
20             var success = ps.Insert(person);
21             MessageBox.Show(success ? "操作成功" : "操作失败");
22         }
23 
24         private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
25         {
26             PersonService ps = new PersonService();
27             int personId = Convert.ToInt32(txtIndexPersonId.Text);
28             var success = ps.Delete(personId);
29             MessageBox.Show(success ? "操作成功" : "操作失败");
30         }
31 
32         private void btnUpdate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
33         {
34             PersonService ps = new PersonService();
35             Person person = new Person()
36             {
37                 Id = Convert.ToInt32(txtIndexPersonId.Text),
38                 FirstName = txtFirstName.Text,
39                 LastName = txtLastName.Text,
40                 EmailAddress = txtEmailAddress.Text,
41                 CreatedOn = DateTime.Now
42             };
43 
44             var success = ps.Update(person);
45             MessageBox.Show(success ? "操作成功" : "操作失败");
46         }
47 
48         private void btnIndex_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
49         {
50             PersonService ps = new PersonService();
51             int personId = Convert.ToInt32(txtIndexPersonId.Text);
52             var person = ps.FindByPersonId(personId);
53 
54             txtFirstName.Text = person.FirstName;
55             txtLastName.Text = person.LastName;
56             txtEmailAddress.Text = person.EmailAddress;
57         }

前台界面如图:

 

六、拓展TODO

可以不使用SQL语句,但要使用Dapper的扩展工具。

 

使用Dapper连接MySQL数据库

要另外使用MySql.Data库

数据库连接字符串格式为

 

 

 

 

使用Dapper连接SQLite数据库

要另外使用System.Data.SQLite库

对应的DEMO程序名:

 

 

 

 

通过IP地址连接远程共享文件夹中的SQLite数据库时,调试遇到的两个问题:

1.远程IP地址解析为C盘的地址,例如"\\192.168.1.10\MES\test.db"解析为:"C:\192.168.1.10\MES\test.db"

解决方法:字符串格式问题,应写为@"\\192.168.1.10\MES\test.db"

2.能够访问到远程共享文件夹后,可以新建数据库,但_dbConnection.Open();打开数据库时报错:unable to open database file

解决方法:首先尝试将远程文件夹的权限设为EveryOne拥有全部权限,未能解决;

然后尝试_dbConnection = new SQLiteConnection($"Data Source={dbFilePath};Version=3;", true); 设置parseViaFramework参数为true,问题解决。

parseViaFramework:Non-zero to parse the connection string using the built-in (i.e. framework provided) parser when opening the connection.非零,以在打开连接时使用内置(即提供的框架)解析器解析连接字符串。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

七、参考

https://study.163.com/course/courseLearn.htm?courseId=1004855012#/learn/video?lessonId=1050368325&courseId=1004855012

 

posted @ 2019-06-12 13:28  橘子香气  阅读(5826)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报