本案例为基于接口的动态代理:

被代理类为AccountServiceImpl,被代理对象为容器中id为accountService的Bean对象,代理对象为容器中id为ProxyAccountService的Bean对象。

1、 创建maven的jar工程,添加依赖jar包

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2、创建数据库eesy下的account1表

  3、创建Account实体类

public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }
    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

4、写业务层接口IAccountService

public interface IAccountService {
    void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money);
    void updateAccount(Account account);
}

5、 写业务层接口的实现类,在类中添加set方法以XML的方式注入依赖

public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService{
    private IAccountDao accountDao;
    public void setAccountDao(IAccountDao accountDao) {
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    }    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.updateAccount(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
        System.out.println("transfer....");
            //2.1根据名称查询转出账户
            Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
            //2.2根据名称查询转入账户
            Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
            //2.3转出账户减钱
            source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
            //2.4转入账户加钱
            target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
            //2.5更新转出账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(source);
//            int i=1/0;
            //2.6更新转入账户
            accountDao.updateAccount(target);
    }
}

service实现类中不再需要TransactionManager,这样事务控制和业务层的方法进行了真正的分离,也解除了方法之间的依赖。

6、创建持久层接口IAccountDao

public interface IAccountDao {
    Account findAccountByName(String accountName);
    void updateAccount(Account account);
}

7、创建持久层实现类AccountDaoImpl

public class AccountDaoImpl implements IAccountDao {
    private QueryRunner runner;
    public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
        this.runner = runner;
    }
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
    public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
        this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
    }
    @Override
    public Account findAccountByName(String accountName) {
        try{
            List<Account> accounts = runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),
                    "select * from account1 where name = ? ",
                    new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),accountName);
            if(accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0){
                return null;
            }
            if(accounts.size() > 1){
                throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一,数据有问题");
            }
            return accounts.get(0);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try{
            runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),"update account1 set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),
              account.getMoney(),
                  account.getId()); }
catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } }

四次与数据库的交互由同一个Connection来控制,即只有一个Connection对象要成功则这些操作一起成功,要失败则一起失败。

8、创建ConnectionUtils工具类(先从数据源中获取一个连接,并且把连接存入ThreadLocal中从而实现连接与线程的绑定

public class ConnectionUtils {
    private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();
    private DataSource dataSource;
    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }
    // 获取当前线程上的连接
    public Connection getThreadConnection() {
        try{
            //1.先从ThreadLocal上获取连接
            Connection conn = tl.get();
            //2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
            if (conn == null) {
                //3.从数据源(连接池)中获取一个连接,
                conn = dataSource.getConnection();
                //并且存入ThreadLocal中
                tl.set(conn);
            }
            //4.返回当前线程上的连接
            return conn;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    //把连接和线程解绑
    public void removeConnection(){
        tl.remove();
    }
}

9、创建事务管理相关的工具类TransactionManager

public class TransactionManager {
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
    public void setConnectionUtils(ConnectionUtils connectionUtils) {
        this.connectionUtils = connectionUtils;
    }
    public  void beginTransaction(){// 开启事务
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public  void commit(){//提交事务
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public  void rollback(){//回滚事务
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public  void release(){//释放连接
        try {
            connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();//还回连接池中
            connectionUtils.removeConnection();//把连接和线程解绑
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

10、创建BeanFactory

通过BeanFactory类的普通方法来创建service的代理对象proxyAccountService然后proxyAccountService代理对象调用IAccountService接口的任何方法如transfer方法,都会被拦截并进行增强,从而实现控制事务。service实现类中不再需要TransactionManager,这样事务控制和业务层的方法进行了真正的分离,也解除了方法之间的依赖。

被代理类AccountServiceImpl,被代理对象为容器中id为accountServiceBean对象,代理对象为容器中id为ProxyAccountService的Bean对象。

现在我们模拟一个工厂类,类中提供了一个方法,通过这个方法我们可以得到一个有事务支持的proxyAccountService,

public class BeanFactory {
    private IAccountService accountService;
    private TransactionManager txManager;
    public void setTxManager(TransactionManager txManager) {this.txManager = txManager;}
    public final void setAccountService(IAccountService accountService) {
        this.accountService = accountService;
    }
    public IAccountService getAccountService() {//获取Service代理对象
        return (IAccountService)Proxy.newProxyInstance(accountService.getClass().getClassLoader(),
                accountService.getClass().getInterfaces(),
                new InvocationHandler() {
                    // 添加事务的支持
                    @Override
                    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
                        /*if("test".equals(method.getName())){
                            return method.invoke(accountService,args);
                        }*/
                        Object rtValue = null;
                        try {
                            txManager.beginTransaction();//1.开启事务
                            rtValue = method.invoke(accountService, args);//2.执行操作
                            txManager.commit();//3.提交事务
                            return rtValue;//4.返回结果
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            txManager.rollback();//5.回滚操作
                            throw new RuntimeException(e);
                        } finally {
                            txManager.release();//6.释放连接
                        }
                    }
                });
    }
}

当匿名内部类访问外部成员变量时,外部成员要求是final修饰的。

11、创建bean.xml文件,导入约束,配置bean对象

使用BeanFactory类中的普通方法创建代理对象,并存入spring容器。即先反射创建BeanFactory类的对象,再通过该对象调用类中的方法来创建proxyAccountService对象。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--配置代理的service-->
    <bean id="proxyAccountService" factory-bean="beanFactory" factory-method="getAccountService"></bean>
    <!--配置beanfactory-->
    <bean id="beanFactory" class="com.itheima.factory.BeanFactory">
        <!-- 注入service -->
        <property name="accountService" ref="accountService"></property>
        <!-- 注入事务管理器 -->
        <property name="txManager" ref="txManager"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置Dao对象-->
    <bean id="accountDao" class="com.itheima.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
        <!-- 注入QueryRunner -->
        <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
        <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
        <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置QueryRunner-->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype"></bean>

    <!-- 配置Connection的工具类 ConnectionUtils -->
    <bean id="connectionUtils" class="com.itheima.utils.ConnectionUtils">
        <!-- 注入数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="txManager" class="com.itheima.utils.TransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入ConnectionUtils -->
        <property name="connectionUtils" ref="connectionUtils"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Service -->
    <bean id="accountService" class="com.itheima.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
        <!-- 注入dao -->
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--连接数据库的必备信息-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eesy"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

poxyAccountService与accountService是有区别的,accountService就是一个service对象,没有事务支持,而poxyAccountService是有事务支持的。现在容器中有两个AccountService类型的对象,他们两个都实现了IAccountService接口,一个通过动态代理实现的,一个本就是实现类。

12、使用Junit单元测试,测试我们的配置

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)//替换成能创建容器的main方法
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml")//通过XML方式创建容器
public class AccountServiceTest {

    @Qualifier("proxyAccountService")
    @Autowired
    private  IAccountService as;
    @Test
    public  void testTransfer(){
        as.transfer("aaa","bbb",100f);
    }
}

由于IOC容器中有两个IAccountService类型的对象,故需要使用@Qualifier注解。

结果:

当没有添加int i=1/0时,正常转账。 如果在更新转出账户之后出现了异常,则转出账户的钱没少100,而转入账户的钱未增加100.保证了事务的一致性,

总结:

使用了动态代理之后,重复代码都消失了方法之间的依赖也解除了,同时提高了开发的效率。

 本案例不仅保证了多条sql语句共用同一个事务,保证了事务的一致性,而且通过动态代理(创建BeanFactory类)实现了业务逻辑与事务控制代码的分离。

posted on 2021-04-07 15:44  周文豪  阅读(400)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报