Android杂谈--ListView之BaseAdapter的使用一(转)
BaseAdapter是直接继承自接口类Adapter的,使用BaseAdapter时需要重写很多方法
BaseAdapter与其他Adapter有些不一样,其他的Adapter可以直接在其构造方法中进行数据的设置,比如
SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.list_item, new String[]{"img","title","info",new int[]{R.id.img, R.id.title, R.id.info}});
但是在BaseAdapter中需要实现一个继承自BaseAdapter的类,并且重写里面的很多方法,例如
class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter
{
private Context context;
public MyAdapter(Context context)
{
this.context = context;
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
// How many items are in the data set represented by this Adapter.(在此适配器中所代表的数据集中的条目数)
return 0;
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
// Get the data item associated with the specified position in the data set.(获取数据集中与指定索引对应的数据项)
return null;
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
// Get the row id associated with the specified position in the list.(取在列表中与指定索引对应的行id)
return 0;
}
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
// Get a View that displays the data at the specified position in the data set.
return null;
}
}
这里面没什么难度,但是这个getView方法必须好好处理,也是最麻烦的
第一种:没有任何处理,不建议这样写。如果数据量少看将就,但是如果列表项数据量很大的时候,会每次都重新创建View,设置资源,严重影响性能,所以从一开始就不要用这种方式
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
View item = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item, null);
ImageView img = (ImageView)item.findViewById(R.id.img)
TextView title = (TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.title);
TextView info = (TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.info);
img.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
title.setText("Hello");
info.setText("world");
return item;
}
第二种ListView优化:通过缓存convertView,这种利用缓存contentView的方式可以判断如果缓存中不存在View才创建View,如果已经存在可以利用缓存中的View,提升了性能
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
if(convertView == null)
{
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item, null);
}
ImageView img = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.img)
TextView title = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.title);
TextView info = (TextView)ConvertView.findViewById(R.id.info);
img.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
title.setText("Hello");
info.setText("world");
return convertView;
}
第三种ListView优化:通过convertView+ViewHolder来实现,ViewHolder就是一个静态类,使用 ViewHolder 的关键好处是缓存了显示数据的视图(View),加快了 UI 的响应速度。
[p=19, null, left]当我们判断 convertView == null 的时候,如果为空,就会根据设计好的List的Item布局(XML),来为convertView赋值,并生成一个viewHolder来绑定converView里面的各个View控件(XML布局里面的那些控件)。再用convertView的setTag将viewHolder设置到Tag中,以便系统第二次绘制ListView时从Tag中取出。(看下面代码中)
[p=19, null, left]如果convertView不为空的时候,就会直接用convertView的getTag(),来获得一个ViewHolder。
//在外面先定义,ViewHolder静态类
static class ViewHolder
{
public ImageView img;
public TextView title;
public TextView info;
}
//然后重写getView
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder holder;
if(convertView == null)
{
holder = new ViewHolder();
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item, null);
holder.img = (ImageView)item.findViewById(R.id.img)
holder.title = (TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.title);
holder.info = (TextView)item.findViewById(R.id.info);
convertView.setTag(holder);
}else
{
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
holder.img.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
holder.title.setText("Hello");
holder.info.setText("World");
}
return convertView;
}
实例一:用BaseAdapter来自定义ListView布局
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ListView
android:id="@+id/lv"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:fastScrollEnabled="true"
/>
</LinearLayout>
list_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="horizontal" >
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="20sp"
/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/info"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="14sp"
/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
[p=19, null, left]Activity
package com.loulijun.demo17;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class Demo17Activity extends Activity {
private ListView lv;
private List<Map<String, Object>> data;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
lv = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv);
//获取将要绑定的数据设置到data中
data = getData();
MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(this);
lv.setAdapter(adapter);
}
private List<Map<String, Object>> getData()
{
List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
Map<String, Object> map;
for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
{
map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("img", R.drawable.ic_launcher);
map.put("title", "跆拳道");
map.put("info", "快乐源于生活...");
list.add(map);
}
return list;
}
//ViewHolder静态类
static class ViewHolder
{
public ImageView img;
public TextView title;
public TextView info;
}
public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter
{
private LayoutInflater mInflater = null;
private MyAdapter(Context context)
{
//根据context上下文加载布局,这里的是Demo17Activity本身,即this
this.mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}
@Override
public int getCount() {
//How many items are in the data set represented by this Adapter.
//在此适配器中所代表的数据集中的条目数
return data.size();
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
// Get the data item associated with the specified position in the data set.
//获取数据集中与指定索引对应的数据项
return position;
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
//Get the row id associated with the specified position in the list.
//获取在列表中与指定索引对应的行id
return position;
}
//Get a View that displays the data at the specified position in the data set.
//获取一个在数据集中指定索引的视图来显示数据
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder holder = null;
//如果缓存convertView为空,则需要创建View
if(convertView == null)
{
holder = new ViewHolder();
//根据自定义的Item布局加载布局
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item, null);
holder.img = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.img);
holder.title = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
holder.info = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.info);
//将设置好的布局保存到缓存中,并将其设置在Tag里,以便后面方便取出Tag
convertView.setTag(holder);
}else
{
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
holder.img.setBackgroundResource((Integer)data.get(position).get("img"));
holder.title.setText((String)data.get(position).get("title"));
holder.info.setText((String)data.get(position).get("info"));
return convertView;
}
}
}
运行结果如下: