Python 科研绘图总结2 一 子图，三维立方体
Python 科研绘图总结2 一 子图，三维立方体
1 子图
相关函数
axins = ax.inset_axes((0.5, 0.6, 0.2, 0.3)) #子图
axins.plot() #子图绘画
mark_inset(ax, axins, loc1=1, loc2=4, fc="none", ec='k', lw=1)#设置连线
代码
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import mark_inset
from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import inset_axes
def dPlot():
data = np.load('ab1500.npz')
dList1= data['distance_advantage_us_List']
dList2=data['distance_advantage_enemy_List']
sn = len(dList1)
optimalDistanceAdvantage = [1] * sn
sLt = range(sn)
# 将数据对应图标
y_1 = dList1
y_2 = dList2
#绘制大图
fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(16, 9))
ax.plot(sLt, y_1, color='red', linestyle='-', linewidth=1,
marker='*', markersize=8,
markerfacecolor='red')
ax.plot(sLt, y_2, color='blue', linestyle='-', linewidth=1,
marker='o', markersize=8,
markerfacecolor='blue')
ax.plot(sLt, optimalDistanceAdvantage, color='red', linestyle='--', linewidth=3, )
#设置坐标轴等信息
plt.grid(ls='--')
my_ticks = np.arange(0, sn + 1, 1)
plt.xticks(my_ticks)
ax.set_title('D', fontsize=18)
ax.set_xlabel('S', fontsize=15)
ax.set_ylabel('D', fontsize=15)
# bbox_props = dict(boxstyle="round", fc='w', ec="w", lw=2)
# ax.text(0, 1400, 'D=1200',
# ha="left", va="center", size=15, bbox=bbox_props)
#嵌入局部放大图的坐标系
ax.legend(labels=["d_red", "d_blue"], ncol=3)
# axins = inset_axes(ax, width="40%", height="30%", loc='upper left',
# bbox_to_anchor=(0.75, 0.2, 0.6, 0.6),
# bbox_transform=ax.transAxes)
axins = ax.inset_axes((0.5, 0.6, 0.2, 0.3))
# #在子图中绘制原始数据
axins.plot(sLt, y_1, color='red', linestyle='-', linewidth=1,
marker='*', markersize=2,
markerfacecolor='red')
#
axins.plot(sLt, y_2, color='blue', linestyle='-', linewidth=1,
marker='o', markersize=2,
markerfacecolor='blue')
#
axins.plot(sLt, optimalDistanceAdvantage, color='RED', linestyle='--', linewidth=1,
)
#
# #设置放大区间
# # 设置放大区间
# zone_left = 21
# zone_right = 22
#
# # 坐标轴的扩展比例（根据实际数据调整）
# x_ratio = 0.8 # x轴显示范围的扩展比例
# y_ratio = 0.8 # y轴显示范围的扩展比例
#
# # X轴的显示范围
# # xlim0 = x[zone_left] - (x[zone_right] - x[zone_left]) * x_ratio
# # xlim1 = x[zone_right] + (x[zone_right] - x[zone_left]) * x_ratio
xlim0 = 21.95
xlim1 = 22.05
# # Y轴的显示范围
#
ylim0 = 0.99
ylim1 = 1.01
#
# # 调整子坐标系的显示范围
axins.set_xlim(xlim0, xlim1)
axins.set_ylim(ylim0, ylim1)
#
# #设置基本信息
#
#
# # 建立父坐标系与子坐标系的连接线
# # loc1 loc2: 坐标系的四个角
# # 1 (右上) 2 (左上) 3(左下) 4(右下)
mark_inset(ax, axins, loc1=1, loc2=4, fc="none", ec='k', lw=1)
# 显示
plt.savefig('dA.pdf')
plt.show()
dPlot()
效果
2 三维图
相关函数
ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')
ax.plot
代码
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')
ax.plot(pos_101_lon[0: i + 1:1000], pos_101_lat[0: i + 1:1000],pos_101_alt[0: i + 1:1000], color='r', label="R001", marker="*")
效果
3 三维动图
相关函数
imageio.mimsave()
代码
import imageio
image_list = []
plt.rcParams.update({'figure.max_open_warning': 0})
for i in range(0,step,1000):
print(i)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d')
# ax.set_xlabel('X', fontsize=15)
# ax.set_ylabel('Y', fontsize=15)
#
# plt.xticks(size=15)
# plt.yticks(size=15)
# ax.set_title('Battle Process', fontsize=18)
# ax.set_xlim(-2500, 750)
# ax.set_ylim(-1250, 750)
ax.plot(pos_101_lon[0: i + 1:1000], pos_101_lat[0: i + 1:1000],pos_101_alt[0: i + 1:1000], color='r', label="R001", marker="*")
ax.plot(pos_201_lon[0: i + 1], pos_201_lat[0: i + 1],pos_201_alt[0: i + 1], color='b', label="B001", marker='^')
# ax.legend(loc='upper left')
plt.savefig('temp.png')
image_list.append(imageio.imread('temp.png'))
# plt.pause(0.1)
imageio.mimsave('uav_battle.gif', image_list, duration=0.2)
效果
4 三维立方体
相关函数
ax.plot_wireframe()
ax.bar3d()
ax.scatte
代码
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D, axes3d
import matplotlib as mpl
# 这里给出封装好的函数，接下来我们进行解析
def plot_cuboid(center, size):
"""
Create a data array for cuboid plotting.
============= ================================================
Argument Description
============= ================================================
center center of the cuboid, triple
size size of the cuboid, triple, (x_length,y_width,z_height)
:type size: tuple, numpy.array, list
:param size: size of the cuboid, triple, (x_length,y_width,z_height)
:type center: tuple, numpy.array, list
:param center: center of the cuboid, triple, (x,y,z)
"""
ox, oy, oz = center
l, w, h = size
color = '#C39BE1'
width = 0.8
x = np.linspace(ox - l / 2, ox + l / 2, num=11)
y = np.linspace(oy - w / 2, oy + w / 2, num=11)
z = np.linspace(oz - h / 2, oz + h / 2, num=11)
x1, z1 = np.meshgrid(x, z)
y11 = np.ones_like(x1) * (oy - w / 2)
y12 = np.ones_like(x1) * (oy + w / 2)
x2, y2 = np.meshgrid(x, y)
z21 = np.ones_like(x2) * (oz - h / 2)
z22 = np.ones_like(x2) * (oz + h / 2)
y3, z3 = np.meshgrid(y, z)
x31 = np.ones_like(y3) * (ox - l / 2)
x32 = np.ones_like(y3) * (ox + l / 2)
#设置图片大小
fig = plt.figure( frameon=False) #
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
# fig ,ax = plt.subplots( projection='3d')
# outside surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x1, y11, z1, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# inside surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x1, y12, z1, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# bottom surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x2, y2, z21, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# # upper surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x2, y2, z22, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# left surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x31, y3, z3, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# # right surface
ax.plot_wireframe(x32, y3, z3, color=color, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.6,linewidth=width)
# # 设置坐标轴范围
# ax.set_xlim(-2,11)
# ax.set_ylim(-2, 11)
# ax.set_zlim(-2, 11)
# 设置显示网格线
ax.grid(False)
#设置坐标轴范围
ax.set_xlim(12)
ax.set_ylim(12)
ax.set_zlim(14)
# 设置数值
ax.set_xticks(np.linspace(1, 11, 11))
ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(1, 11, 11))
ax.set_zticks(np.linspace(1, 11, 11))
# 设置标签
ax.set_xticklabels(
["$b_1$", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", "$a_1$"],
fontsize=12, rotation=10)
ax.set_yticklabels(
[ "$b_2$", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", "$a_2$"],
fontsize=12, rotation=10)
ax.set_zticklabels(
[ "$b_3$", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " ", "$a_3$"],
fontsize=12, rotation=10)
#绘制取样点和取样区域
X = np.arange(1,11)
print(X)
Y = np.arange(1,11)
print(Y)
Z = np.arange(1,11)
print(Z)
width = 0.85
depth = 0.85
height = 0.85
mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10
ax.bar3d(X, Y, Z, dx=width, dy=depth, dz=height, color='#FFD966', alpha=0.5, shade=True) # 绘制条形图
ax.scatter(X, Y, Z, s= 150,c='red', marker='*',label='sampling location',norm=1) # 绘制散点图
plt.legend(loc='lower left',bbox_to_anchor=(0.1, 0.25))
#设置图例位置
#ax.legend( bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 0), loc=3, borderaxespad=0)# borderaxespad=0
#改变视角
ax.view_init(elev=20,azim=-54)
#消除边框空白
# plt.tight_layout()
# plt.margins(0,0,0)
# plt.subplots_adjust(top=1,bottom=0,left=0,right=1,hspace=0,wspace=0)
#保存并展示
#plt.savefig('plteps.eps', format='eps', bbox_inches='tight',dpi=100) #
plt.show()
def mPrint():
center = [6, 6, 6]
length = 10
width = 10
height = 10
plot_cuboid(center, (length, width, height))
mPrint()
效果
本文来自博客园，作者：{珇逖}，转载请注明原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/zuti666/p/17118808.html
