服务器更换硬盘

服务器更换硬盘

简介：

原先硬盘是raid1 ,查询有一块硬盘已经损坏，无法储存数据，购买新硬盘，替换换掉的硬盘

MegaCLI 是 LSI Logic（现在是 Broadcom）提供的用于管理他们的硬件RAID控制器的命令行工具。要替换一个坏的硬盘，你可以使用 MegaCLI 来执行以下步骤：

• 注意：在执行此操作之前，请务必备份重要数据。
  首先，查看当前的物理磁盘信息，以确定哪个硬盘出现了问题。运行以下命令：

MegaCli -PDList -aALL
这将列出所有物理磁盘的信息，包括它们的状态（正常、故障等）和位置。

找到故障的硬盘，并记录其设备ID或位置信息。
确保你有一块新的硬盘可用，要替换坏的硬盘。
运行以下命令来标记坏的硬盘为热拔插：


MegaCli -PDMakeGood -PhysDrv [E:S] -aALL
其中，[E:S] 是坏硬盘的位置信息。

插入新的硬盘。
在插入新硬盘后，运行以下命令来重建RAID阵列：
MegaCli -PDRbld -Start -PhysDrv [E:S] -aALL
这将开始重新构建阵列。这个过程可能需要一段时间，具体时间取决于硬盘的大小和RAID阵列的配置。

检查重建进度：
MegaCli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [E:S] -aALL
这将显示重建的进度百分比。

一旦重建完成，新硬盘将取代坏硬盘并参与RAID阵列中的数据保护。

请确保在执行这些操作之前，详细阅读 MegaCLI 的文档，并在生产环境中小心谨慎地操作。此外，确保有备份，以防意外发生，尤其是在重建期间。

物理服务器是DELL R710

raid 1 系统盘是SAS 600M 组合的，现在换了一块，有一块SSD 960M ,用于替换，但是服务器raid卡不适配

实施办法：

将SSD 960M 做成raid0 ,U盘做好启动启动，服务器关机，将600M磁盘数据拷贝到960M 硬盘，等待拷贝完成，拔出600M硬盘
（600M数据拷贝了近1个小时  SAS是12000转的）
等待新硬盘到了，将raid0 升级成raid1 保证系统盘数据安全

拨出坏掉的硬盘，新硬盘重建raid0

 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 --help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList 
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aAll
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 x0 -VdList
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 XD -VdList -Configured
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -ldinfo -lALL -aALL
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -aAll
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdoffline
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdoffline --help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv[32:1]
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv '[32:1]'
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv[32:1] -a 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a1
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv '[E32:S1]' -a0
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDOffline -PhysDrv '[32:1]' -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdmarkmissing -a0
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdmarkmissing -PhysDrv '[32:1]' -a0
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -pdprprmv -PhysDrv '[32:1]' -a0
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdLocate -start -PhysDrv '[32:1]' -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdLocate -stop -PhysDrv '[32:1]' -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 --help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 | grep PdReplaceMissing
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help | grep PdReplaceMissing
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LdPdInfo -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdGetMissing -a 0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdGetMissing -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help PdReplaceMissing
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdReplaceMissing -physdrv '[32:1]' -array0 -row1 -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdReplaceMissing -physdrv '[32:1]' -array0 -row1 -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgForeign -Scan -aall
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PdReplaceMissing -physdrv '[32:1]' -array0 -row1 -a0
# /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDMakeGood -physdrv '[32:1]' -a 0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -PDList -a0
 smartctl -a -d 
 smartctl -a -d  /dev/sda
 smartctl -a -d  megaraid,1 /dev/sda
 #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -ldinfo -lALL -aALL
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAllInfo -a0 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help -LDInfo
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help -LDCC
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help -PDCpyBk
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help LDRecon
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -LDinfo -L0 -a0
# fdisk -l
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help -CfgLdAdd
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -CfgLdAdd -r0 '[32:1]' WT Direct NoCachedBadBBU -a 0
 fdisk -l
 yum search conezilla
 yum search clone
 fdisk -l
 efibootmgr 
 ls /boot/efi/
 ls /boot/efi/EFI/
 ls
 efibootmgr -h
 efibootmgr --disk /dev/sdc
 efibootmgr --disk /dev/sda
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help pdcpybk
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 adpeventlog getlatest
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 adpeventlog getlatest 100
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help adpeventlog 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -adpeventlog  -GetLatest 100
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -adpeventlog  -GetLatest 100 -a0
 efibootmgr 
 efibootmgr -h
 clear
 ss -tlpn
 #ipmitool 是一个用于管理和监控服务器硬件的命令行工具
 ipmitool --help
 ipmitool power
 ipmitool power status
 ipmitool event
 ipmitool event list
 ipmitool delloem --help
 ipmitool help delloem
 ipmitool delloem
 ipmitool lan
 ipmitool lan print
 ipmitool 
 ipmitool sel
 ipmitool power
# shutdown -h now

待数据拷贝完成后，扩展分区大小

 pvdisplay 
 fdisk -l
 pvresize --help
 pvdisplay 
 pvresize /dev/sdb3
 pvdisplay 
 vgdisplay
 lvdisplay 
 lvextend --help
# lvextend -l 100%VG -r /dev/cl/root
 
 df -h
 ipmitool 
 ipmitool event
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help | less
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 --AdpAlILog
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAlILog
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpAlILog -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help | less
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpEventLog -GetLatest 10 --
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpEventLog -GetLatest 10 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help  -AdpEventLog -GetLatest
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 help  -AdpEventLog 
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpEventLog -GetLatest 10 -warning -a0
 /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -AdpEventLog -GetLatest 10 -fatal -a0
 fence_idrac -h
 fence_idrac -v
 fence_idrac -A md5
 fence_idrac -A md5 --username root --password jrvtx2x
 fence_idrac -A md5 --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218
 fence_idrac -A md5 --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -P
 fence_idrac -A password --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -P
 ipmitool 
 ipmitool lan
 ipmitool lan print
 ipmitool lan set
 ipmitool lan set auth CALLBACK MD5
 ipmitool channel
 ipmitool lan set auth 1 MD5
 ipmitool lan set CALLBACK MD5
 ipmitool channel info
 ipmitool lan set 0 CALLBACK MD5
 ipmitool lan stats get
 ipmitool lan print
 ipmitool lan print 0
 ipmitool lan print 1
 ipmitool lan set auth 1 CALLBACK MD5
 ipmitool lan set 
 ipmitool lan set 1 auth CALLBACK MD5
 ipmitool lan set 1 auth USER MD5
 ipmitool lan set 1 auth OPERATOR MD5
 ipmitool lan print
 ipmitool lan set 1 auth OEM MD5
 fence_idrac -A password --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -P
 fence_idrac --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -P
 fence_idrac --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 
 fence_idrac --help
 fence_idrac --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -A md5
 fence_idrac --username root --password jrvtx2x --ip 172.30.1.218 -A md5 -o status
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 -u root -p jrvtx2x -r 172.30.1.218 getsysinfo
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 -u root -p jrvtx2x -r 172.30.1.218 getsysinfo -p
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 -u root -p jrvtx2x -r 172.30.1.218 getsysinfo -P
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 -P -u root -p jrvtx2x -r 172.30.1.218 getsysinfo 
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 --help
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 help
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 --help
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 
 /opt/dell/srvadmin/bin/idracadm7 -P -u root -p jrvtx2x -r 172.30.1.218 getsysinfo 
 ls
 ls iDRACTools/
 ls iDRACTools/racadm/
 ls iDRACTools/racadm/RHEL8/
 ls iDRACTools/racadm/RHEL8/x86_64/
 df -h
 ip addr
 nmcli connection 
 df -h