cephadm快速部署指定版本ceph集群及生产问题处理
cephadm快速部署指定版本ceph集群及生产问题处理
目录
官方文档：https://docs.ceph.com/en/pacific/
1、虚拟机规划：centos8
| 主机名 | IP | 角色 |
|---|---|---|
| ceph1 | 172.30.3.61 | cephadm,mon,mgr,osd,rgw |
| ceph2 | 172.30.3.62 | mon,mgr,osd,rgw |
| ceph3 | 172.30.3.63 | mon,mgr,rosd,rgw |
2、ceph版本：(安装指定版本在源里面指定即可)
- ceph version 15.2.12（生产）
- ceph version 16.2.4（测试）
3、虚拟机操作系统：
- centos8
4、初始化工作(三台机器同时操作)：
4.1关闭防火墙：
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
4.2 关闭SELinux：
setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@ceph3 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
4.3 设置时间同步：
$ cat /etc/chrony.conf
# Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
# Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
# pool 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
# Record the rate at which the system clock gains/losses time.
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
# Allow the system clock to be stepped in the first three updates
# if its offset is larger than 1 second.
makestep 1.0 3
# Enable kernel synchronization of the real-time clock (RTC).
rtcsync
# Enable hardware timestamping on all interfaces that support it.
#hwtimestamp *
# Increase the minimum number of selectable sources required to adjust
# the system clock.
#minsources 2
# Allow NTP client access from local network.
#allow 192.168.0.0/16
# Serve time even if not synchronized to a time source.
#local stratum 10
# Specify file containing keys for NTP authentication.
keyfile /etc/chrony.keys
# Get TAI-UTC offset and leap seconds from the system tz database.
leapsectz right/UTC
# Specify directory for log files.
logdir /var/log/chrony
# Select which information is logged.
#log measurements statistics tracking
重启服务
$ systemctl restart chronyd
$ systemctl enable chronyd
4.4 配置epel源：
CentOS Linux 8 已经停止更新维护，因此需要修改YUM源：
$ cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
生成缓存：
yum makecache
# yum update -y
配置epel源：(这里必须用命令安装，vi 写入key不识别)
dnf install epel-release -y
4.5 设置主机名：
$ hostnamectl set-hostname hostname
4.6修改域名解析文件：
[root@ceph1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.30.3.61 ceph1
172.30.3.62 ceph2
172.30.3.63 ceph3
4.7配置ceph镜像源
[root@ceph1 yum.repos.d]# cat ceph.repo
[Ceph]
name=Ceph packages for $basearch
baseurl=https://download.ceph.com/rpm-16.2.4/el8/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[Ceph-noarch]
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=https://download.ceph.com/rpm-16.2.4/el8/noarch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=https://download.ceph.com/rpm-16.2.4/el8/SRPMS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://download.ceph.com/keys/release.asc
priority=1
[root@ceph1 yum.repos.d]#
想要更换其他版本
在vim 下面输入直接替换即可
ESC
：%s/16.2.4/15.2.12/g Enter
生成缓存：
yum makecache
安装ceph：
yum install ceph -y
验证ceph是否安装成功:
[root@node1 ~]# ceph -v
ceph version 15.2.12 (ce065eabfa5ce81323b009786bdf5bb03127cbe1) octopus (stable)
[root@node1 ~]#
5、安装docker(三台机器同时操作)：(8中默认有podman)
官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/
5.1安装需要的软件包
$ yum install -y yum-utils
5.2设置stable镜像仓库：
$ yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
5.3生成缓存：
yum makecache
5.4安装DOCKER CE：
$ yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
5.5配置阿里云镜像加速
$ mkdir -p /etc/docker
$ tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://fxt824bw.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
5.6验证docker是否安装
$ docker -v
Docker version 20.10.18, build b40c2f6
5.7启动docker：
$ systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker
6、安装cephadm(ceph1节点操作)部署集群：
6.1安装cephadm：
yum install cephadm -y
6.2引导新群集：
$ cephadm bootstrap --mon-ip ceph1的IP
此操作比较慢，要从镜像源拉取镜像
# 执行结果：
Verifying podman|docker is present...
Verifying lvm2 is present...
Verifying time synchronization is in place...
Unit chronyd.service is enabled and running
Repeating the final host check...
podman|docker (/usr/bin/docker) is present
systemctl is present
lvcreate is present
Unit chronyd.service is enabled and running
Host looks OK
Cluster fsid: 09feacf4-4f13-11ed-a401-000c29d6f8f4
Verifying IP 192.168.150.120 port 3300 ...
Verifying IP 192.168.150.120 port 6789 ...
Mon IP 192.168.150.120 is in CIDR network 192.168.150.0/24
- internal network (--cluster-network) has not been provided, OSD replication will default to the public_network
Pulling container image docker.io/ceph/ceph:v16...
Ceph version: ceph version 16.2.5 (0883bdea7337b95e4b611c768c0279868462204a) pacific (stable)
Extracting ceph user uid/gid from container image...
Creating initial keys...
Creating initial monmap...
Creating mon...
Waiting for mon to start...
Waiting for mon...
mon is available
Assimilating anything we can from ceph.conf...
Generating new minimal ceph.conf...
Restarting the monitor...
Setting mon public_network to 192.168.150.0/24
Wrote config to /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
Wrote keyring to /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
Creating mgr...
Verifying port 9283 ...
Waiting for mgr to start...
Waiting for mgr...
mgr not available, waiting (1/15)...
mgr not available, waiting (2/15)...
mgr not available, waiting (3/15)...
mgr not available, waiting (4/15)...
mgr is available
Enabling cephadm module...
Waiting for the mgr to restart...
Waiting for mgr epoch 5...
mgr epoch 5 is available
Setting orchestrator backend to cephadm...
Generating ssh key...
Wrote public SSH key to /etc/ceph/ceph.pub
Adding key to root@localhost authorized_keys...
Adding host ceph1...
Deploying mon service with default placement...
Deploying mgr service with default placement...
Deploying crash service with default placement...
Enabling mgr prometheus module...
Deploying prometheus service with default placement...
Deploying grafana service with default placement...
Deploying node-exporter service with default placement...
Deploying alertmanager service with default placement...
Enabling the dashboard module...
Waiting for the mgr to restart...
Waiting for mgr epoch 13...
mgr epoch 13 is available
Generating a dashboard self-signed certificate...
Creating initial admin user...
Fetching dashboard port number...
Ceph Dashboard is now available at:
URL: https://ceph1:8443/
User: admin
Password: mo5ahyp1wx
You can access the Ceph CLI with:
sudo /usr/sbin/cephadm shell --fsid 09feacf4-4f13-11ed-a401-000c29d6f8f4 -c /etc/ceph/ceph.conf -k /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
Please consider enabling telemetry to help improve Ceph:
ceph telemetry on
For more information see:
https://docs.ceph.com/docs/pacific/mgr/telemetry/
Bootstrap complete.
拉取下来的镜像
[root@ceph1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
ceph/ceph-grafana 6.7.4 557c83e11646 22 months ago 486MB
ceph/ceph v16 6933c2a0b7dd 23 months ago 1.2GB
prom/prometheus v2.18.1 de242295e225 3 years ago 140MB
prom/alertmanager v0.20.0 0881eb8f169f 3 years ago 52.1MB
prom/node-exporter v0.18.1 e5a616e4b9cf 4 years ago 22.9MB
[root@ceph1 ~]#
通过URL可以访问到可视化界面，输入用户名和密码即可进入界面
6.3其他主机加入集群：
启用 CEPH CLI:
cephadm shell
安装集群公共SSH密钥：
$ ceph cephadm get-pub-key > ~/ceph.pub
$ ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub root@ceph2
$ ssh-copy-id -f -i /etc/ceph/ceph.pub root@ceph3
新主机加入集群：
$ ceph orch host add ceph2
$ ceph orch host add ceph3
这里如果无法加入后面加上IP即可
$ ceph orch host add ceph2 172.30.3.62
$ ceph orch host add ceph3 172.30.3.63
等待一段时间(可能需要等待的时间比较久，新加入的主机需要拉取需要的镜像和启动容器实例)，查看集群状态：
$ ceph -s
cluster:
id: 09feacf4-4f13-11ed-a401-000c29d6f8f4
health: HEALTH_WARN
OSD count 0 < osd_pool_default_size 3
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph1,ceph2,ceph3 (age 90s)
mgr: ceph1.sqfwyo(active, since 22m), standbys: ceph2.mwhuqa
osd: 0 osds: 0 up, 0 in
data:
pools: 0 pools, 0 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 0 B used, 0 B / 0 B avail
pgs:
可以看到新主机加入到集群中的时候会自动扩展mon和mgr节点。
6.4部署OSD：
查看磁盘分区：
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 10.1G 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 20G 0 disk
|-nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1G 0 part
`-nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 19G 0 part
|-cl-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /var/lib/ceph/crash
`-cl-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
nvme0n2 259:3 0 10G 0 disk
将集群中所有的空闲磁盘分区全部部署到集群中：
$ ceph orch daemon add osd ceph1:/dev/nvme0n2
Created osd(s) 0 on host 'ceph1'
$ ceph orch daemon add osd ceph2:/dev/nvme0n2
Created osd(s) 3 on host 'ceph2'
$ ceph orch daemon add osd ceph3:/dev/nvme0n2
Created osd(s) 6 on host 'ceph3'
查看集群状态：
$ ceph -s
cluster:
id: 09feacf4-4f13-11ed-a401-000c29d6f8f4
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph1,ceph2,ceph3 (age 23m)
mgr: ceph2.mwhuqa(active, since 13m), standbys: ceph1.sqfwyo
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 7m), 9 in (since 8m)
data:
pools: 1 pools, 1 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 48 MiB used, 90 GiB / 90 GiB avail
pgs: 1 active+clean
[ceph: root@ceph1 ~]# ceph -s
cluster:
id: 09feacf4-4f13-11ed-a401-000c29d6f8f4
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 3 daemons, quorum ceph1,ceph2,ceph3 (age 30m)
mgr: ceph2.mwhuqa(active, since 12h), standbys: ceph1.sqfwyo
osd: 9 osds: 9 up (since 12h), 9 in (since 12h)
data:
pools: 1 pools, 1 pgs
objects: 0 objects, 0 B
usage: 48 MiB used, 90 GiB / 90 GiB avail
pgs: 1 active+clean
7、可视化界面验证查看集群:
8.部署rgw.s3
8.1ceph version 15.2.12版本
8.1.1创建pool并设置<pg_num> <pgp_num> 大小
ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.index 64 64 replicated
ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.data 128 128 replicated
ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.non-ec 32 32 replicated
[root@node1 ~]# ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.index 64 64 replicated
pool 'cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.index' created
[root@node1 ~]# ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.data 128 128 replicated
pool 'cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.data' created
[root@node1 ~]# ceph osd pool create cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.non-ec 64 64 replicated
pool 'cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.non-ec' created
8.1.2创建区域 realm zonegroup zone #创建一个新的领域
radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=YOUJIVEST.COM --default
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin realm create --rgw-realm=YOUJIVEST.COM --default
{
"id": "6ed9dc1d-8eb4-4c32-9d12-473f13e4835a",
"name": "YOUJIVEST.COM",
"current_period": "8cf9f6e2-005a-4cd2-b0ec-58f634ce66bc",
"epoch": 1
}
8.1.3创建新的区域组信息
radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=cn --rgw-realm=YOUJIVEST.COM --master --default
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin zonegroup create --rgw-zonegroup=cn --rgw-realm=YOUJIVEST.COM --master --default
{
"id": "38727586-d0ad-4df7-af2a-4bba2cbff495",
"name": "cn",
"api_name": "cn",
"is_master": "true",
"endpoints": [],
"hostnames": [],
"hostnames_s3website": [],
"master_zone": "",
"zones": [],
"placement_targets": [],
"default_placement": "",
"realm_id": "6ed9dc1d-8eb4-4c32-9d12-473f13e4835a",
"sync_policy": {
"groups": []
}
}
8.1.4 rgw-zone 运行radosgw的区域的名称
radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=cn --rgw-zone=cn-beijing --master --default
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin zone create --rgw-zonegroup=cn --rgw-zone=cn-beijing --master --default
{
"id": "cc642b93-8b41-43c8-aa10-863a057401f1",
"name": "cn-beijing",
"domain_root": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:root",
"control_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.control",
"gc_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:gc",
"lc_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:lc",
"log_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log",
"intent_log_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:intent",
"usage_log_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:usage",
"roles_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:roles",
"reshard_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:reshard",
"user_keys_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:users.keys",
"user_email_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:users.email",
"user_swift_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:users.swift",
"user_uid_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.meta:users.uid",
"otp_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.otp",
"system_key": {
"access_key": "",
"secret_key": ""
},
"placement_pools": [
{
"key": "default-placement",
"val": {
"index_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.index",
"storage_classes": {
"STANDARD": {
"data_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.data"
}
},
"data_extra_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.non-ec",
"index_type": 0
}
}
],
"realm_id": "6ed9dc1d-8eb4-4c32-9d12-473f13e4835a",
"notif_pool": "cn-beijing.rgw.log:notif"
}
8.1.5查看区域
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin zone list
{
"default_info": "cc642b93-8b41-43c8-aa10-863a057401f1",
"zones": [
"cn-beijing"
]
}
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin zonegroup list
{
"default_info": "38727586-d0ad-4df7-af2a-4bba2cbff495",
"zonegroups": [
"cn"
]
}
[root@ceph1 ~]# radosgw-admin realm list
{
"default_info": "6ed9dc1d-8eb4-4c32-9d12-473f13e4835a",
"realms": [
"YOUJIVEST.COM"
]
}
8.1.6 为s3配置ssl
[root@node1 ~]# ceph config-key set rgw/cert/YOUJIVEST.COM/cn-beijing.crt -i /etc/letsencrypt/live/s3.youjivest.com/fullchain.pem
set rgw/cert/YOUJIVEST.COM/cn-beijing.crt
[root@node1 ~]# ceph config-key set rgw/cert/YOUJIVEST.COM/cn-beijing.key -i /etc/letsencrypt/live/s3.youjivest.com/privkey.pem
set rgw/cert/YOUJIVEST.COM/cn-beijing.key
8.1.7绑定数据存储位置
ceph osd pool application enable cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.index rgw
ceph osd pool application enable cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.data rgw
ceph osd pool application enable cn-beijing.rgw.buckets.non-ec rgw
8.1.8创建rgw.s3 ,curl 访问s3验证
[root@node1 ~]# ceph orch apply rgw YOUJIVEST.COM cn-beijing --placement=3 --ssl
ceph orch apply rgw rgw.YOUJIVEST.COM.cn-beijing --realm=YOUJIVEST.COM --zone=cn-beijing --placement="3 ceph1 ceph2 ceph3" --ssl
#curl 解析的主机：端口
[root@node1 ~]# curl https://s3.youjivest.com
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ListAllMyBucketsResult xmlns="http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/"><Owner><ID>anonymous</ID><DisplayName></DisplayName></Owner><Buckets></Buckets></ListAllMyBucketsResult>[root@node1 ~]#
#页面访问
8.1.9创建对外访问的KEY 和 secret_key
radosgw-admin user create --uid=esg --display-name='ESG User' --email=chenhu@youjivest.com
[root@node1 ~]# radosgw-admin user create --uid=esg --display-name='ESG User' --email=lvfaguo@youjivest.com
{
"user_id": "esg",
"display_name": "ESG User",
"email": "chenhu@youjivest.com",
"suspended": 0,
"max_buckets": 1000,
"subusers": [],
"keys": [
{
"user": "esg",
"access_key": "9Y3D6KQISHSURJHOUL8Z",
"secret_key": "gDk7TXLoTgAxBDwxfBAxgt4VTJrbcb82AlMvzu91"
}
],
"swift_keys": [],
"caps": [],
"op_mask": "read, write, delete",
"default_placement": "",
"default_storage_class": "",
"placement_tags": [],
"bucket_quota": {
"enabled": false,
"check_on_raw": false,
"max_size": -1,
"max_size_kb": 0,
"max_objects": -1
},
"user_quota": {
"enabled": false,
"check_on_raw": false,
"max_size": -1,
"max_size_kb": 0,
"max_objects": -1
},
"temp_url_keys": [],
"type": "rgw",
"mfa_ids": []
}
8.1.10授权esg 用户可以操作所有存储池
radosgw-admin caps add --uid=esg --caps="buckets=*"
[root@node1 ~]# radosgw-admin caps add --uid=esg --caps="buckets=*"
{
"user_id": "esg",
"display_name": "ESG User",
"email": "lvfaguo@youjivest.com",
"suspended": 0,
"max_buckets": 1000,
"subusers": [],
"keys": [
{
"user": "esg",
"access_key": "9Y3D6KQISHSURJHOUL8Z",
"secret_key": "gDk7TXLoTgAxBDwxfBAxgt4VTJrbcb82AlMvzu91"
}
],
"swift_keys": [],
"caps": [
{
"type": "buckets",
"perm": "*"
}
],
"op_mask": "read, write, delete",
"default_placement": "",
"default_storage_class": "",
"placement_tags": [],
"bucket_quota": {
"enabled": false,
"check_on_raw": false,
"max_size": -1,
"max_size_kb": 0,
"max_objects": -1
},
"user_quota": {
"enabled": false,
"check_on_raw": false,
"max_size": -1,
"max_size_kb": 0,
"max_objects": -1
},
"temp_url_keys": [],
"type": "rgw",
"mfa_ids": []
}
8.1.10 保存创建的用户，用于对外访问s3
[root@node1 ~]# cat key
9Y3D6KQISHSURJHOUL8Z
[root@node1 ~]# cat secret
gDk7TXLoTgAxBDwxfBAxgt4VTJrbcb82AlMvzu91
[root@node1 ~]#
8.2 ceph version 16.2.4
其他步骤都一样，版本不同创建rgw 规则有所不同
#创建 rgw YOUJIVEST.COM.cn-beijing(rgw的name,在ceph df 能看到) YOUJIVEST.COM（realm） cn-beijing（zone）
ceph orch apply rgw YOUJIVEST.COM.cn-beijing YOUJIVEST.COM cn-beijing --placement=placement=label:rgw --port=8000
9、生产问题处理
9.1ceph version 15.2.12 中 指定rgw 的ssl 证书失效了怎么办
在Ceph版本15.2.12中，如果你使用ceph config-key set命令来更新RGW（对象网关）的SSL证书，即使目前服务器证书是最新的，也不会自动生效。这是因为在Ceph中，更新SSL证书需要通过重新加载RGW服务来应用更改。
要使新的SSL证书生效，你需要执行以下步骤：
1.使用ceph config-key set命令将新的SSL证书内容存储到Ceph的配置数据库中。确保你已经替换了正确的证书文件路径和名称。示例命令如下：
ceph config-key set rgw/cert/YOUJIVEST.COM/cn-beijing.crt -i /etc/letsencrypt/live/s3.youjivest.com/fullchain.pem
2.接下来，需要重新加载RGW服务以使其使用新的SSL证书。你可以使用Ceph Orchestrator来重新加载RGW服务。执行以下命令：
ceph orch restart rgw.<realm>.<zone>
将 <realm> 替换为你的RGW实例的实际领域名称， <zone> 替换为区域名称。如果你只有一个RGW实例，则通常为default。
3.重新加载RGW服务后，它将开始使用新的SSL证书。你可以通过连接到RGW并检查证书信息来验证证书是否已更新。例如，你可以使用openssl s_client命令连接到RGW并检查证书详细信息：
openssl s_client -connect <rgw_host>:<rgw_port>
将 <rgw_host> 替换为你的RGW主机名或IP地址， <rgw_port> 替换为RGW监听的端口号（通常为80或443）。
9.2 osd 存储池满了怎么办
方法一：修改pool副本数
查询存储池的副本数：
1.使用以下命令列出当前的存储池及其相关信息：
ceph osd lspools
这将显示当前的存储池列表，其中包括每个存储池的ID和名称
2.选择你要查询副本数的存储池，并记录下其存储池ID或名称
3.使用以下命令查询存储池的副本数
ceph osd pool get <pool_name> size
将 <pool_name> 替换为你要查询的存储池的名称。
执行命令后，将显示该存储池的副本数。
修改存储池的副本数：
1.使用以下命令修改存储池的副本数：
ceph osd pool set <pool_name> size <new_size>
将 <pool_name> 替换为你要修改的存储池的名称， <new_size> 替换为你希望设置的新的副本数。
例如，要将存储池 "my_pool" 的副本数设置为 3，可以执行以下命令：
ceph osd pool set my_pool size 3
请注意，修改存储池的副本数可能会对存储池的容量和性能产生影响。确保你了解副本数对存储需求的影响，并在执行修改操作之前仔细考虑。
同时，修改存储池的副本数可能需要一段时间来重新平衡数据并应用更改。在此过程中，存储池可能会暂时处于不可用状态，因此请确保在适当的时机执行操作，并考虑影响到的应用程序或服务。
如果你需要更详细的信息或遇到问题，请参考Ceph的官方文档或寻求Ceph社区的支持和帮助。
方法二：购买硬盘。进行扩容
详细操作参考下面链接
https://www.cnblogs.com/andy996/p/17448038.html
