实验5 继承和多态

实验任务1

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <iostream>
 4 #include <string>
 5 
 6 using std::cout;
 7 using std::endl;
 8 using std::string;
 9 
10 // 发行/出版物类：Publisher （抽象类）
11 class Publisher {
12 public:
13     Publisher(const string& s = "");            // 构造函数
14 
15 public:
16     virtual void publish() const = 0;                 // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
17     virtual void use() const = 0;                     // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
18 
19 protected:
20     string name;    // 发行/出版物名称
21 };
22 
23 Publisher::Publisher(const string& s) : name{ s } {
24 }
25 
26 
27 // 图书类: Book
28 class Book : public Publisher {
29 public:
30     Book(const string& s = "", const string& a = "");  // 构造函数
31 
32 public:
33     void publish() const override;        // 接口
34     void use() const override;            // 接口
35 
36 private:
37     string author;          // 作者
38 };
39 
40 Book::Book(const string& s, const string& a) : Publisher{ s }, author{ a } {
41 }
42 
43 void Book::publish() const {
44     cout << "Publishing book: 《" << name << "》 by " << author << endl;
45 }
46 
47 void Book::use() const {
48     cout << "Reading book: " << name << " by " << author << endl;
49 }
50 
51 
52 // 电影类: Film
53 class Film : public Publisher {
54 public:
55     Film(const string& s = "", const string& d = "");   // 构造函数
56 
57 public:
58     void publish() const override;    // 接口
59     void use() const override;        // 接口            
60 
61 private:
62     string director;        // 导演
63 };
64 
65 Film::Film(const string& s, const string& d) : Publisher{ s }, director{ d } {
66 }
67 
68 void Film::publish() const {
69     cout << "Publishing film: <" << name << "> directed by " << director << endl;
70 }
71 
72 void Film::use() const {
73     cout << "Watching film: " << name << " directed by " << director << endl;
74 }
75 
76 
77 // 音乐类：Music
78 class Music : public Publisher {
79 public:
80     Music(const string& s = "", const string& a = "");
81 
82 public:
83     void publish() const override;        // 接口
84     void use() const override;            // 接口
85 
86 private:
87     string artist;      // 音乐艺术家名称
88 };
89 
90 Music::Music(const string& s, const string& a) : Publisher{ s }, artist{ a } {
91 }
92 
93 void Music::publish() const {
94     cout << "Publishing music <" << name << "> by " << artist << endl;
95 }
96 
97 void Music::use() const {
98     cout << "Listening to music: " << name << " by " << artist << endl;
99 }

publisher.hpp

 1 #include "publisher.hpp"
 2 #include <vector>
 3 #include <typeinfo>
 4 
 5 using std::vector;
 6 
 7 void test() {
 8     vector<Publisher*> v;
 9 
10     v.push_back(new Book("Harry Potter", "J.K. Rowling"));
11     v.push_back(new Film("The Godfather", "Francis Ford Coppola"));
12     v.push_back(new Music("Blowing in the wind", "Bob Dylan"));
13 
14     for (auto& ptr : v) {
15         cout << "pointer type: " << typeid(ptr).name() << endl;  // 输出指针类型
16         cout << "RTTI type: " << typeid(*ptr).name() << endl;    // 输出指针指向的对象类型
17         ptr->publish();
18         ptr->use();
19         cout << endl;
20     }
21 }
22 
23 int main() {
24     test();
25 }

task1.cpp

实验任务2

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <iomanip>
 6 
 7 using std::string;
 8 using std::ostream;
 9 using std::endl;
10 using std::setw;
11 using std::left;
12 
13 class Book {
14 public:
15     Book(const string& name, const string& author, const string& translator, const string& isbn, float price);
16 
17     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Book& book);
18 
19 private:
20     string name;        // 书名
21     string author;      // 作者
22     string translator;  // 译者
23     string isbn;        // isbn号
24     float price;        // 定价
25 };
26 
27 // 成员函数实现
28 Book::Book(const string& name, const string& author, const string& translator, const string& isbn, float price) {
29     this->name = name;
30     this->author = author;
31     this->translator = translator;
32     this->isbn = isbn;
33     this->price = price;
34 }
35 
36 // 友元实现
37 ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Book& book) {
38     out << left;
39     out << setw(15) << "书名:" << book.name << endl
40         << setw(15) << "作者:" << book.author << endl
41         << setw(15) << "译者:" << book.translator << endl
42         << setw(15) << "ISBN:" << book.isbn << endl
43         << setw(15) << "定价:" << book.price;
44 
45     return out;
46 }

book.hpp

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #include "book.hpp"
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 #include <string>
 6 #include <iomanip>
 7 
 8 using std::string;
 9 using std::cout;
10 using std::endl;
11 using std::setw;
12 
13 class BookSale {
14 public:
15     BookSale(const Book& b, float price, int amount);
16     int get_amount() const;
17 
18     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const BookSale& item);
19 
20 private:
21     Book rb;
22     float sales_price;      // 售价
23     int sales_amount;       // 销售数量
24     float revenue;          // 营收
25 };
26 
27 // 成员函数实现
28 BookSale::BookSale(const Book& b, float price, int amount) : rb{ b }, sales_price(price), sales_amount{ amount } {
29     revenue = sales_amount * sales_price;
30 }
31 
32 int BookSale::get_amount() const {
33     return sales_amount;
34 }
35 
36 // 友元函数实现
37 ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const BookSale& item) {
38     out << left;
39     out << item.rb << endl
40         << setw(15) << "售价:" << item.sales_price << endl
41         << setw(15) << "销售数量:" << item.sales_amount << endl
42         << setw(15) << "营收:" << item.revenue;
43 
44     return out;
45 }

booksale.hpp

 1 #include "booksale.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 #include <algorithm>
 6 
 7 // 按图书销售数额比较
 8 bool compare_by_amount(const BookSale& x1, const BookSale& x2) {
 9     return x1.get_amount() > x2.get_amount();
10 }
11 
12 void test() {
13     using namespace std;
14 
15     vector<BookSale> sales_lst;         // 存放图书销售记录
16 
17     int books_number;
18     cout << "录入图书数量: ";
19     cin >> books_number;
20 
21     cout << "录入图书销售记录" << endl;
22     for (int i = 0; i < books_number; ++i) {
23         string name, author, translator, isbn;
24         float price;
25         cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i + 1 << "本图书信息录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
26         cout << "录入书名: "; cin >> name;
27         cout << "录入作者: "; cin >> author;
28         cout << "录入译者: "; cin >> translator;
29         cout << "录入isbn: "; cin >> isbn;
30         cout << "录入定价: "; cin >> price;
31 
32         Book book(name, author, translator, isbn, price);
33 
34         float sales_price;
35         int sales_amount;
36 
37         cout << "录入售价: "; cin >> sales_price;
38         cout << "录入销售数量: "; cin >> sales_amount;
39 
40         BookSale record(book, sales_price, sales_amount);
41         sales_lst.push_back(record);
42     }
43 
44     // 按销售册数排序
45     sort(sales_lst.begin(), sales_lst.end(), compare_by_amount);
46 
47     // 按销售册数降序输出图书销售信息
48     cout << string(20, '=') << "图书销售统计" << string(20, '=') << endl;
49     for (auto& t : sales_lst) {
50         cout << t << endl;
51         cout << string(40, '-') << endl;
52     }
53 }
54 
55 int main() {
56     test();
57 }

task2.cpp

实验任务3

 1 #ifndef PETS_HPP
 2 #define PETS_HPP
 3 
 4 #include <string>
 5 #include <iostream>
 6 
 7 using namespace std;
 8 
 9 // 机器宠物类
10 class MachinePets {
11 public:
12     // 带参数的构造函数，用于初始化昵称
13     MachinePets(const string& s) : nickname(s) {}
14 
15     // 纯虚函数，用于派生类提供宠物叫声
16     virtual string talk() = 0;
17 
18     // 获取宠物昵称
19     string get_nickname() const {
20         return nickname;
21     }
22 
23 protected:
24     string nickname; // 宠物昵称
25 };
26 
27 // 宠物猫类，继承自机器宠物类
28 class PetCats : public MachinePets {
29 public:
30     // 带参数的构造函数，初始化昵称
31     PetCats(const string& s) : MachinePets(s) {}
32 
33     // 重写 talk 函数，返回电子宠物猫的叫声
34     string talk() override {
35         return "meow";
36     }
37 };
38 
39 // 宠物狗类，继承自机器宠物类
40 class PetDogs : public MachinePets {
41 public:
42     // 带参数的构造函数，初始化昵称
43     PetDogs(const string& s) : MachinePets(s) {}
44 
45     // 重写 talk 函数，返回电子宠物狗的叫声
46     string talk() override {
47         return "woof";
48     }
49 };
50 
51 #endif // PETS_HPP

pet.hpp

 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <vector>
 3 #include "pets.hpp"
 4 
 5 void test() {
 6     using namespace std;
 7 
 8     vector<MachinePets*> pets;
 9 
10     pets.push_back(new PetCats("miku"));
11     pets.push_back(new PetDogs("da huang"));
12 
13     for (auto& ptr : pets)
14         cout << ptr->get_nickname() << " says " << ptr->talk() << endl;
15 }
16 
17 int main() {
18     test();
19 }

task3.cpp

实验任务4

 1 #ifndef FILM_HPP
 2 #define FILM_HPP
 3 
 4 #include <string>
 5 #include <iostream>
 6 using namespace std;
 7 
 8 // 电影类
 9 class Film {
10 public:
11     // 构造函数
12     Film() : title(""), director(""), country(""), year(0) {}
13 
14     // 成员函数：输入电影信息
15     friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Film& f) {
16         cout << "请输入片名: ";
17         in.ignore();  // 忽略前一个输入留下的换行符
18         getline(in, f.title);
19 
20         cout << "请输入导演: ";
21         getline(in, f.director);
22 
23         cout << "请输入制片国家/地区: ";
24         getline(in, f.country);
25 
26         cout << "请输入上映年份: ";
27         in >> f.year;
28 
29         return in;
30     }
31 
32     // 成员函数：输出电影信息
33     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Film& f) {
34         out << "片名: " << f.title << ", 导演: " << f.director
35             << ", 制片国家/地区: " << f.country << ", 上映年份: " << f.year;
36         return out;
37     }
38 
39     // 获取电影的上映年份
40     int get_year() const {
41         return year;
42     }
43 
44 private:
45     string title;   // 电影片名
46     string director; // 导演
47     string country;  // 制片国家/地区
48     int year;        // 上映年份
49 };
50 
51 // 比较函数，按年份升序排序
52 bool compare_by_year(const Film& f1, const Film& f2) {
53     return f1.get_year() < f2.get_year();
54 }
55 
56 #endif // FILM_HPP

film.hpp

 1 #include "film.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <vector>
 5 #include <algorithm>
 6 
 7 void test() {
 8     using namespace std;
 9 
10     int n;
11     cout << "输入电影数目: ";
12     cin >> n;
13 
14     cout << "录入" << n << "部影片信息" << endl;
15     vector<Film> film_lst;
16     for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
17         Film f;
18         cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i + 1 << "部影片录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
19         cin >> f;
20         film_lst.push_back(f);
21     }
22 
23     // 按发行年份升序排序
24     sort(film_lst.begin(), film_lst.end(), compare_by_year);
25 
26     cout << string(20, '=') + "电影信息(按发行年份)" + string(20, '=') << endl;
27     for (auto& f : film_lst)
28         cout << f << endl;
29 }
30 
31 int main() {
32     test();
33 }

task4.hpp

实验任务5

 1 #ifndef COMPLEX_HPP
 2 #define COMPLEX_HPP
 3 
 4 #include <iostream>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 // 模板类 Complex
 8 template <typename T>
 9 class Complex {
10 private:
11     T real;  // 实部
12     T imag;  // 虚部
13 
14 public:
15     // 构造函数
16     Complex(T r = 0, T i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {}
17 
18     // 获取实部
19     T get_real() const {
20         return real;
21     }
22 
23     // 获取虚部
24     T get_imag() const {
25         return imag;
26     }
27 
28     // += 运算符重载
29     Complex<T>& operator+=(const Complex<T>& other) {
30         real += other.real;
31         imag += other.imag;
32         return *this;
33     }
34 
35     // + 运算符重载
36     Complex<T> operator+(const Complex<T>& other) const {
37         return Complex<T>(real + other.real, imag + other.imag);
38     }
39 
40     // == 运算符重载
41     bool operator==(const Complex<T>& other) const {
42         return (real == other.real) && (imag == other.imag);
43     }
44 
45     // 输出流插入运算符重载
46     friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex<T>& c) {
47         os << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i";
48         return os;
49     }
50 
51     // 输入流提取运算符重载
52     friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex<T>& c) {
53         is >> c.real >> c.imag;
54         return is;
55     }
56 };
57 
58 #endif // COMPLEX_HPP

Complex.hpp

 1 #include "Complex.hpp"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 
 4 using std::cin;
 5 using std::cout;
 6 using std::endl;
 7 using std::boolalpha;
 8 
 9 void test1() {
10     Complex<int> c1(2, -5), c2(c1);
11 
12     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
13     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
14     cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
15 
16     c1 += c2;
17     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
18     cout << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
19 }
20 
21 void test2() {
22     Complex<double> c1, c2;
23     cout << "Enter c1 and c2: ";
24     cin >> c1 >> c2;
25     cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
26     cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
27 
28     cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
29     cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
30 }
31 
32 int main() {
33     cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试1: " << endl;
34     test1();
35 
36     cout << endl;
37 
38     cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试2: " << endl;
39     test2();
40 }

task5.cpp

实验任务6

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 class Date {
 4 private:
 5     int year;
 6     int month;
 7     int day;
 8     int totalDays;
 9 
10 public:
11     Date(int year, int month, int day);
12     int getYear() const { return year; }
13     int getMonth() const { return month; }
14     int getDay() const { return day; }
15     int getMaxDay() const;
16     bool isLeapYear() const {
17         return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
18     }
19     void show() const;
20     int operator-(const Date& date) const {
21         return totalDays - date.totalDays;
22     }
23 };

date.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include "date.h"
 3 
 4 class Accumulator {
 5 private:
 6     Date lastDate;
 7     double value;
 8     double sum;
 9 
10 public:
11     Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) : lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}
12 
13     double getSum(const Date& date) const {
14         return sum + value * (date - lastDate);
15     }
16 
17     void change(const Date& date, double value) {
18         sum = getSum(date);
19         lastDate = date;
20         this->value = value;
21     }
22 
23     void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
24         lastDate = date;
25         this->value = value;
26         sum = 0;
27     }
28 };

accumulator.h

 1 #pragma once
 2 #include "date.h"
 3 #include "accumulator.h"
 4 #include <string>
 5 using namespace std;
 6 
 7 class Account {
 8 private:
 9     string id;
10     double balance;
11     static double total;
12 protected:
13     Account(const Date& date, const string& id);
14     void record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
15     void error(const string& msg) const;
16 public:
17     const string& getId() { return id; }
18     double getBalance() const { return balance; }
19     static double getTotal() { return total; }
20     virtual void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
21     virtual void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) = 0;
22     virtual void settle(const Date& date) = 0;
23     virtual void show() const;
24 };
25 
26 class SavingsAccount : public Account {
27 private:
28     Accumulator acc;
29     double rate;
30 public:
31     SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate);
32     double getRate() const { return rate; }
33     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
34     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
35     void settle(const Date& date);
36 };
37 
38 class CreditAccount : public Account {
39 private:
40     Accumulator acc;
41     double credit;
42     double rate;
43     double fee;
44     double getDebt() const {
45         double balance = getBalance();
46         return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
47     }
48 public:
49     CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
50     double getCredit() const { return credit; }
51     double getRate() const { return rate; }
52     double getFee() const { return fee; }
53     double getAvailableCredit() const {
54         if (getBalance() < 0) return credit + getBalance();
55         else return credit;
56     }
57     void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
58     void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc);
59     void settle(const Date& date);
60     void show() const;
61 };

account.h

 1 #include "date.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 #include <cstdlib>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 namespace {
 7     const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
 8 }
 9 
10 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
11     if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
12         cout << "Invalid date: ";
13         show();
14         cout << endl;
15         exit(1);
16     }
17     int years = year - 1;
18     totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
19     if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
20 }
21 
22 int Date::getMaxDay() const {
23     if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
24         return 29;
25     else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
26 }
27 
28 void Date::show() const {
29     cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
30 }

data.cpp

 1 #include "account.h"
 2 #include <cmath>
 3 #include<iostream>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 
 6 double Account::total = 0;
 7 
 8 Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) : id(id), balance(0) {
 9     date.show();
10     cout << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
11 }
12 
13 void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
14     amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
15     balance += amount;
16     total += amount;
17     date.show();
18     cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
19 }
20 
21 void Account::show() const {
22     cout << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
23 }
24 
25 void Account::error(const string& msg) const {
26     cout << "Error (#" << id << "): " << msg << endl;
27 }
28 
29 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate)
30     : Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0) {
31 }
32 
33 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
34     record(date, amount, desc);
35     acc.change(date, getBalance());
36 }
37 
38 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
39     if (amount > getBalance()) {
40         error("not enough money");
41     }
42     else {
43         record(date, -amount, desc);
44         acc.change(date, getBalance());
45     }
46 }
47 
48 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
49     double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / (date - Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
50     if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
51     acc.reset(date, getBalance());
52 }
53 
54 CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee)
55     : Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0) {
56 }
57 
58 void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
59     record(date, amount, desc);
60     acc.change(date, getDebt());
61 }
62 
63 void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
64     if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
65         error("not enough credit");
66     }
67     else {
68         record(date, -amount, desc);
69         acc.change(date, getDebt());
70     }
71 }
72 
73 void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
74     double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
75     if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
76     if (date.getMonth() == 1) record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
77     acc.reset(date, getDebt());
78 }
79 
80 void CreditAccount::show() const {
81     Account::show();
82     cout << "\tAvailable credit: " << getAvailableCredit();
83 }

account.cpp

 1 #include "account.h"
 2 #include<iostream>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     Date date(2008, 11, 1);
 7     SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
 8     SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
 9     CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
10     Account* accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };
11     const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
12     cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
13     char cmd;
14     do {
15         date.show();
16         cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
17         int index, day;
18         double amount;
19         string desc;
20         cin >> cmd;
21         switch (cmd) {
22         case 'd':
23             cin >> index >> amount;
24             getline(cin, desc);
25             accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
26             break;
27         case 'w':
28             cin >> index >> amount;
29             getline(cin, desc);
30             accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
31             break;
32         case 's':
33             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
34                 cout << "[" << i << "]";
35                 accounts[i]->show();
36                 cout << endl;
37             }
38             break;
39         case 'c':
40             cin >> day;
41             if (day < date.getDay()) {
42                 cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
43             }
44             else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
45                 cout << "Invalid day";
46             else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
47             break;
48         case 'n':
49             if (date.getMonth() == 12)
50                 date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
51             else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
52             for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
53                 accounts[i]->settle(date);
54             }
55             break;
56         }
57     } while (cmd != 'e');
58     return 0;
59 }

task6.cpp

posted @ 2024-12-04 08:36 花落遥阅读(13) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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