GTK+-3.0编程 (五) GtkBuilder用于快速创建界面,它读取一个xml文件
http://www.cnblogs.com/rain-blog/p/gtk3-5.html
实践中表明,纯粹利用 gtk 函数来创建 UI 是很繁琐的事,需要编写很多代码。怎样才能快速统一的建立 UI 布局呢?
可喜的是 GTK 提供了一个 GtkBuilder 用于快速创建界面。它读取一个 xml 文件。按照 xml 文件中所描述的来创建界面。因此我们需要编写 xml 文件。
创建example.ui ,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
<object id="window" class="GtkWindow">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="title">GtkBuilder</property>
<property name="border-width">30</property>
<child>
<object id="grid" class="GtkGrid">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<child>
<object id="print_hello" class="GtkButton">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="label">Button 1</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left-attach">0</property>
<property name="top-attach">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object id="print_entry" class="GtkButton">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="label">Button 2</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left-attach">1</property>
<property name="top-attach">0</property>
</packing>
</child>
<child>
<object id="entry" class="GtkEntry">
<property name="visible">True</property>
</object>
<packing>
<property name="left-attach">0</property>
<property name="top-attach">1</property>
<property name="width">2</property>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
<packing>
</packing>
</child>
</object>
</interface>
再创建源文件 example.c ,内容如下:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static void print_hello(GtkWidget *button , gpointer data);
static void activate(GtkApplication *app , gpointer data);
static void print_entry(GtkWidget * button , gpointer entry);
int main(int argc , char **argv)
{
GtkApplication *app;
int app_status;
app = gtk_application_new("org.rain.example" , G_APPLICATION_FLAGS_NONE);
g_signal_connect(app , "activate" , G_CALLBACK(activate) , NULL);
app_status = g_application_run(G_APPLICATION(app) , argc , argv);
g_object_unref(app);
return app_status;
}
static void print_hello(GtkWidget *button , gpointer data)
{
printf("Hello,world!\n");
}
static void print_entry(GtkWidget * button , gpointer entry)
{
const gchar *entry_buf;
//获取输入框的内容,返回一个 const gchar 指针 , gchar 即是 char
entry_buf = gtk_entry_get_text( GTK_ENTRY(entry) );
if('\0' != entry_buf[0])
printf("%s\n" , entry_buf);
}
static void activate(GtkApplication *app , gpointer data)
{
GtkBuilder *builder;
GObject *window;
GObject *button;
GObject *entry;
//创建一个 GtkBuilder 。
builder = gtk_builder_new();
//将描述 UI 的文件添加到 Builder 中。
gtk_builder_add_from_file(builder , "example.ui" , NULL);
//可以用该函数获取 Builder 创建的对象,根据 example.ui 文件中设置的 object 的 id 来获取。
window = gtk_builder_get_object(builder , "window");
gtk_application_add_window(app , GTK_WINDOW(window));
//注意该函数返回的是一个指向 GObject 对象的指针。
button = gtk_builder_get_object(builder , "print_hello");
//设置按钮标签
gtk_button_set_label ( GTK_BUTTON (button) , "PrintHello");
g_signal_connect(button , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(print_hello) , NULL);
//获取输入框对象。
entry = gtk_builder_get_object(builder , "entry");
button = gtk_builder_get_object(builder , "print_entry");
gtk_button_set_label ( GTK_BUTTON (button) , "PrintEntry");
//调用 print_entry 时传递用户参数 entry 。
g_signal_connect(button , "clicked" , G_CALLBACK(print_entry) , entry);
}
编译,运行:
gcc example.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0` ./a.out
运行结果如下: